Biocompetitive exclusion of toxigenic fungi

P.J. Cotty

Biocompetitive exclusion of toxigenic fungi

In: The mycotoxin factbook

Author:

P.J. Cotty

P.J. Cotty U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service / University of Arizona, Division of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Department of Plant Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 179–197

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086865871_011

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Aflatoxins are highly toxic cancer causing Aspergillus metabolites that cause immune-system suppression, growth retardation, cancer, and death in both humans and domestic animals. Aflatoxin-producing species have considerable intraspecific variability and the species that causes most aflatoxin contamination of crops, Aspergillus flavus, varies widely in aflatoxin production with some strains producing no aflatoxins. Biocontrol strategies to reduce aflatoxin contamination have been developed utilising strains of Aspergillus flavus, which do not produce aflatoxins to competitively exclude aflatoxin producers. In commercial practice, these atoxigenic strains are applied during crop development on a fungal food source that fuels initial reproduction and dispersal of the biocontrol agent. Although applications alter the composition of Aspergillus flavus communities associated with crops and, as a result, reduce crop aflatoxin content, both crop infection by Aspergillus flavus and the quantity of Aspergillus flavus on the crop at harvest are no different in treated and untreated crops. Long-term influences of atoxigenic strain treatments have led to efforts to develop area-wide aflatoxin management programs. It is within such programs that the greatest potential for atoxigenic strain use may reside. However, for optimal benefits, improved methods for utilising atoxigenic strains must be envisioned and developed. It is likely these will include methods that simultaneously utilise multiple strains.

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The mycotoxin factbook

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086865871

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 10 Oct 2006

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- Life Sciences

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Biocompetitive exclusion of toxigenic fungi

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The mycotoxin factbook

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