Effect of fungal infection and insect infestation interaction, moisture content, type of earhead and grain on mycotoxin production in field sorghum

B.N. Reddy; C.R. Raghavender

Effect of fungal infection and insect infestation interaction, moisture content, type of earhead and grain on mycotoxin production in field sorghum

In: Mycotoxins and phycotoxins

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B.N. Reddy

B.N. Reddy Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, A.P., India; reddybn1@yahoo.com

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C.R. Raghavender

C.R. Raghavender Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 007, A.P., India; reddybn1@yahoo.com

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 43–52

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086865857_004

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Three different types of earheads which are generally found in sorghum such as compact panicles with open grains, open panicles with enclosed grains and normal panicles with normal grains were examined for earhead insect pests and also for the relationship between insect pest damage and fungal infection on the production of mycotoxins. A total of 15 species of earhead insect pests belonging to 14 genera were isolated from one or the other varieties of sorghum from the stage of flowering to harvest. Caterpillars accounted for 53% of the insect pests followed by bugs (40%) and flies (7%). Among all the pests collected from the earheads, the sorghum midge (Contarinia sorghicola), the earhead bug (Calocoris angustatus), and the yellow peach moth (Dichocrosis punctiferalis) were of major importance in view of the great damage and heavy yield losses. Altogether 35 fungal species belonging to 13 genera were isolated in this study. Species belonging to Aspergillus, Curvularia, Fusarium and Penicillium were the most frequently isolated. In general compact headed varieties of sorghum were more highly infested with insect pests and fungi than the normal and open earheads. Most mycotoxin contamination was observed in the open grains of compact earheads containing high moisture. The least contaminated were the enclosed type of grains in the open panicles, which were found to contain less moisture. The multiple factors such as nature of the panicle, glume covering of the grain, insect pest infestation, fungal invasion and moisture content of the grain greatly influenced the production of mycotoxins in the field sorghum.

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Mycotoxins and phycotoxins

Advances in determination, toxicology and exposure management

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086865857

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 30 Oct 2006

Subjects
- Life Sciences

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Effect of fungal infection and insect infestation interaction, moisture content, type of earhead and grain on mycotoxin production in field sorghum

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Mycotoxins and phycotoxins

Advances in determination, toxicology and exposure management

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