Prebiotic, probiotic and symbiotic use in infant formulae

M.J. Lombard; I. Labuschagne

Prebiotic, probiotic and symbiotic use in infant formulae

于Handbook of dietary and nutritional aspects of bottle feeding

著者：

M.J. Lombard

M.J. Lombard Nutrition Information Centre, Stellenbosch University (NICUS), Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa nicus@sun.ac.za

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I. Labuschagne

I. Labuschagne Nutrition Information Centre, Stellenbosch University (NICUS), Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box 19063, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa nicus@sun.ac.za

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类型:: 章节

Page Range:: 305–319

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086867776_021

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Probiotic in term formulae improves intestinal microbial balance. However, there is no evidence that it has an effect on growth, colic frequency, crying or irritability. It does not affect tolerance. It might prevent gastrointestinal tract infections, reduce the number and frequency of diarrheal stools and the duration of diarrhoea. Immunological benefits are strain specific, although there is insufficient evidence for the prevention of food allergies. There is no effect on weight gain for premature infants, although tolerance is improved with no gastric aspirates, abdominal distension or diarrhoea. Administration of probiotics to preterm formulae reduces gut pathogens and improves gut structure and function. It reduces parenteral nutrition requirements, improves the gut mucosal barrier function, decreases sepsis and antibiotic use and prevents necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).The effects of supplementing formulae with prebiotics remain unclear. Prebiotic formulae have no effects on growth, and are tolerated with no effects on incidence of spitting up/regurgitation, vomiting or crying, volume tolerated or incidence of upper respiratory infections. Prebiotics have short term benefits, such as an increased stool frequency, reduced stool pH, increased bifidobacteria and stool colony counts and fewer pathogenic bacteria. Prebiotic formulae have no effect on the incidence of diarrhoea. However, they improve gastrointestinal transit time and soften stools. The effects on the prevention of allergies remain unclear, but prebiotics might decrease infection episodes with fewer antibiotics. There is no effect on incidence of respiratory infections and no proof that it reduces the risk of NEC in preterms. There are no safety concerns for feeding probiotic and/or prebiotic-supplemented formulae, but data is insufficient to recommend routine use in preterm formulae. Probiotics are safe but lack evidence on benefits from long term use.

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Handbook of dietary and nutritional aspects of bottle feeding

丛编： Human Health Handbooks, 卷： 8

ISBN:: 9789086867776

出版社:: Wageningen Academic

印刷出版日期:: 28 Nov 2014

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Food & Health

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Prebiotic, probiotic and symbiotic use in infant formulae

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