Vitamin D, parathormone and formula feeding

V. Giapros; S. Tsabouri; S. Andronikou

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Vitamin D, parathormone and formula feeding

In: Handbook of dietary and nutritional aspects of bottle feeding

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V. Giapros

V. Giapros vgiapros@cc.uoi.gr

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S. Tsabouri

S. Tsabouri
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S. Andronikou

S. Andronikou
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 269–284

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086867776_019

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The supplementation of infantile formulas with vitamin D has led to the belief that all formula fed infants achieve adequate vitamin D levels, but this may not be so, especially in the case of low maternal vitamin D levels in pregnancy. Studies of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and parathormone (PTH) showed higher serum levels of vitamin D in formula fed full-term infants than in breast fed infants, but still considerably lower than those currently recommended for other age groups. Prematurely born infants have a shorter duration in which to accumulate vitamin D stores from transplacental transfer, while small for gestational age (SGA) neonates who are deprived in utero have less fat tissue in which to store vitamin D and also experience catchup growth early after birth. Both these low birth weight groups may have suboptimal vitamin D levels by the end of the infantile period. Larger preterm infants (34-36 weeks GA) may also have nutritional needs different from those of either full-term infants or preterm infants of lower GA. It has been shown that they have suboptimal vitamin D levels during infancy and especially during the first three months after birth. An inverse relationship between vitamin D and PTH was observed in recent studies of formula fed infants, in line with data from other age groups. The point at which PTH reaches its nadir is around 32 ng/ml, which justifies the use of this value as the cut-off point for insufficiency in infants, similarly to in adults. Vitamin D supplement is needed for all formula fed small preterm infants (7<32 weeks GA) in the first months, while formula fed late-preterm (>34 weeks GA) or SGA infants may also need vitamin D supplementation on an individual basis, depending on measurement of their serum level of 25(OH)D.

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Handbook of dietary and nutritional aspects of bottle feeding

Series: Human Health Handbooks, Volume: 8

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086867776

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 28 Nov 2014

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Food & Health

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Vitamin D, parathormone and formula feeding

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Handbook of dietary and nutritional aspects of bottle feeding

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