Figures
3.1 Direct and indirect processes determining the interlinkage between urban form and climate 74
4.1 The U-Develop building blocks 82
4.2 Typology of slum-squatter settlement and the possible solution 88
4.3 Land ownership after LC 89
4.4 Basic U-Develop concept 92
4.5 The U-Develop concept 92
4.6 The institutional concept for U-Develop institution 94
4.7A–B The existing conditions of Cibangkong slum 97
4.8A–B Self-Mapping Training by the ITB team and informing community about U-Develop concept 99
4.9A–F Site plan and building design 100
5.1 The socio-ecological framework for urban development 110
6.1 Absolute CO2 emissions 138
6.2 GDP generated per ton of CO2 138
7.1 The land use transport interaction cycle 157
7.2 Sustainable development balancing economic, social and environmental opportunities and risks in the dimensions of time, space, actors, and governance 163
7.3 Life-Cycle in infrastructure planning balancing room for alternatives and concrete information for decision-making 165
7.4 Relationship between different infrastructure planning approaches and the level of integration, actors involved, and spatial dimensions 167
7.5 Integrated planning of infrastructure and spatial development – sustainability dimensions and planning approaches 174
7.6 Tailoring the scope (timing, involvement of actors, and spatial extent) of integrated planning approaches to the complexity of the planning situation at hand 175
8.1 Waiting time for public transportation 192
8.2 Survival to sustainability through the PTMP program 194
8.3 Use of MC taxis 198
11.1 GDP distribution in Indonesia 246
11.2 Comparison of public and private infrastructure investment distribution in Indonesia 247
11.3 PPP projects distribution in Indonesia 248
12.1 Timeline land management in Yogyakarta 264
12.2 Path of land utilization in Sultan Ground 265
13.1 Research methods 278
13.2 Data collection and analysis 278
13.3 Different monitoring scales of average monthly and annual rainfall in Makassar and Indonesia 283
14.1 Gunung butak’s agricultural fields with terraces 305
14.2 Pah (rainwater tanks) in gunung butak hamlet 305
15.1 Actors in domestic water provision in Indonesia 324
15.2 Criteria to formulate the distribution of improved and safe water access 326
15.3 Regulation framework of drinking water supply implementation in Indonesia 330
16.1 Water spinach cultivation on Boeng Cheung Ek (left) and the Mekong river sand that has infilled the wetland becomes an ad hoc football pitch (right) 342
16.2 Satellite images for Kob Srov from January 2018 (left) and January 2023 (right) 343
21.1 Example site master plan (and transect enlargement plan) for a reach of the Mae Kha eastern branch that illustrates the bridging connections of community, economic opportunity, and greenspace 435
21.2 Visioning of a larger event space located between the night bazaar market and Mae Kha 436
21.3 Complexities of re-imaging sections of the Mae Kha. A reach of the current Mae Kha eastern branch (left) illustrating limited space for environmental remediation and the visioned possibilities for the future (right), including aquatic macrophyte plantings and floating wetlands to filter and cleanse the water, linear rainwater planters to store and cleanse urban runoff, and a traditional water wheel to enhance oxygenation of urban runoff discharge as well as aesthetic value 437
21.4 Constructed wetland and park master plan (top) and site design perspectives (bottom) 438
21.5 PCSWMM configuration showing modeled subcatchments (S), drainage pipes (C), and connecting nodes (J) for the Muang Mai market. The constructed wetland (square symbols) and park area would be found in the forested/open greenspace to the west of the market 440
21.6 PCSWMM results for BOD5 levels immediately upstream of the constructed wetland (J25) and at the wetland outfall after treatment (OF1). Rainfall intensity is denoted in the legend as “System” 441
22.1 The unequal distributions of wealth and carbon emissions between core and peripheral countries, as triggered by US consumption 464
22.2 Capturing feedback loops of trade 465
22.3 Four main network communities in the Indonesian Land Use Domain 468
23.1 E-Musrenbang process in Surabaya based on Mayor of Surabaya Regulation 50/2017 486
24.1 Framework for understanding neighborhood-based disaster resilience 501
24.2 Photograph of FGD s workshop series conducted on-site in riverbank kampongs. Resilience keywords were collected during workshops 502
24.3 Semi-structured interview conducted with government officials 504
24.A1 Network interrelation of codes that construct positive factors for neighborhood disaster resilience in Kampong Terban 524
24.A2 Network interrelation of codes that construct negative factors for neighborhood disaster resilience in Kampong Terban 525
Maps
4.1 The study area 96
8.1 Metro Manila Rail Network 190
10.1 The new industrial areas development plan in the Rebana metropolitan area 225
13.1 Flood susceptibility along the railway track 279
13.2 The element at risk of population resided along the railway track 281
13.3 Land use along the railway track 282
15.1 Access to piped water in Indonesia 317
15.2 Distribution of national programs for domestic water provision in Indonesia 328
16.1 River network and major wetlands as part of the Phnom Penh waterscape 338
20.1 Research area 416
20.2 Land use map in Coastal Semarang District from 1990 to 2020 418
23.1 Maps of Bulak District (left) and Surabaya City (right) 484
24.1 Map of Yogyakarta municipalities and location of case studies 500
Tables
2.1 Population and urbanization dynamic in ASEAN member countries (2020) 46
2.2 Illustration of disaster issues in ASEAN countries 54
2.3 Examples of documents and agreements within ASEAN to support SDG s and the NUA 56
2.4 List of activities illustrating academic collaboration within Asian Planning School Association 59
2.5 Research Agenda to support sustainable urban transformation in ASEAN 60
3.1 General aspects of urban form as identified in the various approaches to urban morphology 69
4.1 Technical limitations and challenges 93
8.1 Total population by highly urbanized city/municipality based on various census: National Capital Region 188
8.2 Gross regional domestic product of the Philippines and NCR at current prices as of April 2023 189
8.3 Trip composition by mode 189
8.4 Estimated annual emissions generated in tons, Metro Manila 191
8.5 Comparison of operational characteristics of traditional and modern jeepneys 195
9.1 Summary of policies and plans related to sustainable development in Malaysia 206
10.1 Interest from different levels of institutions from Patimban Port and the Rebana metropolitan area developments 230
11.1 Cases of bundled toll road projects 239
11.2 Potential benefits and challenges of geographic bundling through PPPs 244
11.3 Potential benefits based on content analysis 249
11.4 Potential challenges based on content analysis 250
12.1 Details of public housing in Sleman District, the Special Region of Yogyakarta 266
13.1 Population by sub-district and by gender, City of Makassar (2019–2021) 274
13.2 Variables and indicators to respond to climate change 276
13.3 Variables and indicators to response climate change 285
15.1 List of policy documents analyzed 319
16.1 Summary of recent temporal trends for infilling of Boeng Cheung Ek and Kob Srov 341
17.1 Key stakeholder interviews 358
18.1 The Iuwm approach 380
18.2 Urban water integration efforts and opportunities in Makassar 386
23.1 Accountability within networked climate adaptation governance and the implications of digital governance 481
24.1 Definition relation to neighborhood disaster resilience 496
24.2 List of interviewees of riverbank kampongs 503
24.3 Kampong neighborhood-based disaster resilience: positive factors 507
24.4 Kampong neighborhood-based disaster resilience: negative factors 513
24.5 Redefining neighborhood-based disaster resilience for urban kampongs 518
25.1 Types of differential impact on children in disasters: a framework for understanding vulnerabilities 530
25.2 Initiatives for children’s disaster preparedness by international organizations in Southeast Asia 535
25.3 Insights on disaster preparedness education in Indonesian schools: a summary of relevant studies 538