The significant impact of a low viscous fibre on glycaemic response

G. Livesey; H. Tagami

The significant impact of a low viscous fibre on glycaemic response

In: Dietary fibre: new frontiers for food and health

Authors:

G. Livesey

G. Livesey ¹Independent Nutrition Logic Ltd., Pealerswell House, 21 Bellrope Lane, Wymondham, Norfolk, NR180QX United Kingdom; glivesey@inlogic.co.uk

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H. Tagami

H. Tagami ²Matsutani Chemical Industry Co. Ltd, 5-3, Kitaitami, Itami City, Hyogo 664-8508, Japan

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 475–491

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-692-2_034

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Observational and interventional studies show type-2 diabetes and heart disease to be inversely associated with dietary fibre ingestion, and directly associated with a high glycaemic response to diet. Multiple real and potential mechanisms involved are described, with a focus on how fibre impacts on the glycaemic response. Using metaanalytical methods applied to studies on a non-viscous purified fibre source, resistant maltodextrin, the outcomes in humans make clear that attributes of health, a lower postprandial glycaemic response and a lower fasting plasma glucose after 3 months chronic consumption, can arise without addition of cereal inclusive of fibre or factors that can accompany fibre in cereal foods. Relevance to the consumer is high in that evidence comes from studies on foods available to the consumer rather than concept foods in purely physiological studies. Effective doses of resistant maltodextrin (RMD) acceptable with real food products are in the range of 4 to 10 g per meal. Such attenuation occurs whether the meal comprises starchy foods (rice, wheat noodles, bread) or refined carbohydrates (maltodextrin, glucose, sucrose). Attenuation is most effective when RMD is taken in a drink with the meal (beverages including different types of tea, soft drink, or coffee) rather than when incorporated directly into foods. Importantly, the attenuation remains even after 26 weeks of chronic treatment with RMD. The chronic consumption of such doses of RMD lowers fasting plasma glucose to an extent dependent on the amount of RMD ingested and on the fasting glucose above a value of 4.9 mmol/l, one interacting with the other. In such, RMD is effective in healthy persons in addition to type-2-diabetics. We discuss the mechanisms involved and note also that RMD attenuates the post-prandial triglyceride response to a fat load, indicating mechanisms of action that operate across macronutrient types.

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Dietary fibre: new frontiers for food and health

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086866922

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 30 Oct 2010

Subjects
- Life Sciences

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The significant impact of a low viscous fibre on glycaemic response

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Dietary fibre: new frontiers for food and health

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