Appendix Seven. Woodworking Tools and Techniques
于The Gordion Wooden Objects, Volume 1 The Furniture from Tumulus MM (2-vol. set)Search for other papers by Elizabeth Simpson in
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The Tumulus MM furniture provides substantial evidence for Phrygian woodworking techniques at Gordion. There is evidence from Gordion for the saw, axe, chisel, scraper, awl, knife, compass, and bow drill, as well as the lathe. The versatile adze could be used to hew, trim, and true timber as well as shape more complex forms. The woods used for the Tumulus MM furniture include cedar, pine, yew and boxwood, juniper, walnut, maple and cherry. The Tumulus MM furniture was made from wood that was cut and seasoned, with the forms first roughed out and then finely finished. The compass was used extensively to lay out various carved elements. The bow drill was used to drill holes for the pegs. The tools and techniques used by the Gordion woodworkers suggest that the artists worked well within established ancient craft traditions.