Rethinking the Relationship between Women, Gender, and Spanish Fascism: âVerticalityâ as a Mediating Concept

Inbal Ofer

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Chapter 2 Rethinking the Relationship between Women, Gender, and Spanish Fascism: âVerticalityâ as a Mediating Concept

In: Gendering Fascism

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Inbal Ofer

Inbal Ofer
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 45â68

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004703766_004

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âVerticalityâ, as a form of internal organisation relevant to all fascist institutions, was central to the construction of fascist political culture in Europe. A close reading of fascist discourse in Spain during the 1930s and early 1940s reveals that verticality was more than just a form of political or economic organisation. It constituted the basis for a new political style: defining fascist action, symbolism, thought, and dress code. Female militants of the Spanish Falange had to adopt specific norms and practices in order to align themselves with the notion of verticality. Adherence to the ideal of verticality rendered female fascist militants privileged subjects within the Francoist political system, but at the same time it did not free them from patriarchal oppression. This chapter therefore employs âverticalityâ as a mediating category that allows us to explore the relationship between women militants, gender-based power relations, and the political culture of Spanish fascism. It draws on a close inspection of formal publications and the internal correspondence of the Womenâs Section of the Spanish Falange (SecciÃ³n Femenina de la FET) and highlights the ways in which the notion of verticality was understood, discursively framed, and practically applied by women during the heyday of Spanish fascism.

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Gendering Fascism

Individual Actors, Concepts, and Transnational Connections

Series:Â Brill's Specials in Modern History, Volume: 9

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004703766

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 21 Feb 2025

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Chapter 2 Rethinking the Relationship between Women, Gender, and Spanish Fascism: âVerticalityâ as a Mediating Concept

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Gendering Fascism

Individual Actors, Concepts, and Transnational Connections

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Chapter 2 Rethinking the Relationship between Women, Gender, and Spanish Fascism: âVerticalityâ as a Mediating Concept