Revealing pectinâs structure

H.A. Schols; G.-J. Coenen; A.G.J. Voragen

Revealing pectinâs structure

In: Pectins and pectinases

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H.A. Schols

H.A. Schols Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, the Netherlands

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G.-J. Coenen

G.-J. Coenen Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, the Netherlands

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A.G.J. Voragen

A.G.J. Voragen Wageningen University, Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Bomenweg 2, 6703 HD Wageningen, the Netherlands

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 17â34

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086866779_002

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Research towards revealing the structure of the plant cell wall polymer pectin which is being considered as the most complex molecule in nature, lasts already for many decades. Natureâs ability to tailor the chemical structure of pectin molecule according to the plant cell wall and plant tissue needs at that particular moment really complicates such efforts to reveal the structure enormously. As already stated by the past professor Pilnik, the pre-eminent pectin expert in his time, it is more and more realised that âno pectin molecule is alikeâ. As a result of the ongoing search, pectin models proposed in the early nineties are considered not to cover all phenomena observed and being not able to explain all new findings. A new model has been proposed some years ago. This new model further initiated a renewed discussion on the precise chemical structure of the various pectin structural elements, their interconnection and their assembly within the cell wall and has initiated quite some new research. Part of the efforts made in the Laboratory of Food Chemistry in Wageningen within the PhD research of Coenen (2007) in order to reveal the connection points between the different pectic subunits and the establishment/development of novel analytical techniques needed for such an investigation are summarised in this paper. Oligosaccharides, obtained by controlled acid hydrolysis of apple pectin, were characterized using optimized LC-MS and NMR approaches. The structures established for these oligosaccharides indicated that in apple pectin both homogalacturonan (HG) and xylogalacturonan (XGA) were covalently linked to rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI). A newly developed method coupled capillary electrophoresis (CE) on-line to mass spectrometry (MS) and allowed identification of compounds present in CE electropherograms of complex apple XGA and RGI digests. By combining Î²-eliminative breakdown with CE-LIF and CE-UVMSn analysis, detailed information on the neutral sugar side chain structure and distribution was obtained of some enzyme resistant structural elements of soy pectin. Using selective degradation by Î²-elimination, it was demonstrated that arabinans containing a rudimentary RGI backbone fragment play an important role within the complement fixing activity of white cabbage (Brassica oleracea) pectin. Based on the results obtained in this research and data reported in literature, a pectin model is proposed which positions HG both in-line and as a side chain of RGI. In addition, new insights in the position of XGA with respect to HG and RGI were obtained. A further increase of our knowledge on pectin and polysaccharide structures can be achieved by combining the âcombined approachesâ described in this contribution with other chemical and novel enzymatic degradation methods and by implementing these methods more quantitatively.

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Pectins and pectinases

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086866779

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 30 Oct 2009

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Food & Health

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Pectins and pectinases

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Revealing pectinâs structure