Variation in nutrient supply and effects on whole body anabolism
In: Protein metabolism and nutritionSearch for other papers by J.M. Dawson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
The response of animals to daily variation in total nutrient supply has been well documented and is the basis of many recommendations for nutrient allowances for domestic animals, companion animals and for humans. There is evidence that the diurnal variation in nutrient supply can influence anabolism, as can the frequency of ingestion of nutrient pulses. Circulating insulin concentrations may have a considerable role to play in mediating these effects. In the ruminant it is necessary to consider the importance of providing a balanced supply of energy-yielding nutrients and nitrogenous components to ensure an efficient fermentation in the rumen. The response of an animal to nutrient supply is mediated by a combination of mass action effects of the nutrients themselves, changes in hormones and growth factors and by direct action of nutrients on gene expression. In addition to short term responses to nutrient supply there are indications that variation in nutrient supply can have lasting effects, for example, the nutritional status of pregnant animals can influence subsequent development of the offspring. After a period of feed restriction animals routinely exhibit a period of rapid growth following restoration of an adequate feed supply. The exact mechanisms by which these programmed responses are brought about is not fully understood.