| ANC | African National Congress |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| AVE | average variance extracted |
| CFA | confirmatory factor analysis |
| DBE | Department of Basic Education |
| DTS | Digital Transformation Strategy |
| ECD | early childhood development |
| EFL | English as a foreign language |
| ELRC | Education Labour Relations Council |
| EMIS | Education Management Information System |
| ERL | emergency remote learning |
| ERT | emergency remote teaching |
| F-EMS | Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences |
| FBC | Fana Broadcasting Corporation |
| GB | gigabyte |
| GETAMEL | General Extended Technology Acceptance Model for E-Learning |
| HEI | higher education institutions |
| ICT | information and communications technology |
| IMF | International Monetary Fund |
| IoT | Internet of Things |
| ITU | International Telecommunication Union |
| KMO | Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin |
| LMS | Learning management system |
| MANOVA | multivariate analysis of variance |
| MOOC | massive open online course platforms |
| MoSHE | Ministry of Science and Higher Education |
| NAPTOSA | National Association of Professional Teachers Organisations of South Africa |
| NATU | National Teachers Union |
| NWU | North-West University |
| PEU | Professional Educators Union |
| SADTU | South African Democratic Teachers’ Union |
| SDT | self-determination theory |
| SMT | school management teams |
| SOP | Standard Operating Procedure |
| SPSS | Statistical Package for Social Sciences |
| TAM | Technology Acceptance Model |
| TVET | Technical and Vocational Education and Training |
| UCT | University of Cape Town |
| UCU | Uganda Christian University |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
| UNICEF | United Nations Children’s Fund |
| UNISA | University of South Africa |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
Abbreviations
于Higher Education in the Face of a Global Pandemic
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Emnet Tadesse Woldegiorgis
Emnet Tadesse Woldegiorgis
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Petronnella Jonck
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