Creole Jesuits in the Province of New Spain in 1767

Architecture, Organization, Profile, and Identity

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In 1767, King Carlos III of Spain ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from his dominions. This study examines the Jesuits in the Province of New Spain (Mexico, Cuba, Guatemala) at the time of the expulsion, their urban educational and spiritual role, and their administration of frontier missions. The King sent the exiled Jesuits to live out their lives in the Papal States. The book also explores the profile (i.e. the collective biography) of the Jesuits, and their fate following the expulsion. At the time of the expulsion, the majority of the Jesuits in New Spain were born in the Americas, mostly in Mexico. The Jesuits invested large sums of money in the construction of urban colegios, which are here analyzed together with the rest of the Jesuit architectural patrimony.
Copyright Year:
2026
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978-90-04-73933-8
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04 Nov 2025
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978-90-04-73932-1
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06 Nov 2025
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Robert H. Jackson, Ph.D. (1988), University of California, Berkeley, is an independent scholar living in Mexico City. He has published 30 monographs and edited volumes and more than 120 articles and book chapters on Latin American History. His most recent publication is Robert H. Jackson and Leonardo Meraz Quintana, Urban Plan, Architecture, and the Geography of the Sacred in Colonial Morelos (Brill 2024).
"El autor, historiador con una extensa trayectoria en el campo de la historia colonial latinoamericana, ha dedicado más de cuatro décadas al estudio de las misiones, las instituciones religiosas y las sociedades indígenas en los territorios de la monarquía española. [..] el libro constituye una contribución importante a la historiografía sobre la Compañía de Jesús y sobre la historia religiosa del mundo colonial. Su enfoque interdisciplinario, su cuidadosa utilización de fuentes y su capacidad para integrar distintos niveles de análisis hacen de esta obra una referencia obligada para quienes se interesan por la historia de las instituciones religiosas, la cultura material del catolicismo barroco y las dinámicas de la expansión ibérica en América." – Martin Barrabino, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, in: Antiguos Jesuitas en Iberoamérica, 14 (2026) [DOI: 10.31057/2314.3908.v13.50707]
General Series Editor’s Foreword
Preliminary Thoughts
List of Figures, Tables, and Graphs

Introduction

1 The Province of New Spain in 1767
 1 Houses and Haciendas
 2 The Jesuits in the Philippines
 3 Conclusions

2 The Jesuit Presence in Other Spanish Territories in the Americas
 1 Evangelization and the Frontier Missions
 2 Missions in the Province of Paracuaria
  2.1 Missions among the Guaraní
  2.2 Chiquitos Missions
  2.3 The Chaco Missions
 3 Missions in the Province of Peru
  3.1 Moxos Missions
 4 Missions in the Province of Chile
  4.1 Chiloé Missions
 5 Conclusions

3 Jesuit Urban Colegios and Residencias in the Province of New Spain
 1 Colegios in Mexico City and Puebla
 2 Jesuit Colegios in Puebla
 3 Jesuit Colegios and Residencias in Northern New Spain
 4 Jesuit Colegios in Western New Spain
 5 Jesuit Colegios and Residencias in Southern New Spain
 6 Jesuit Urban Institutions in Guatemala and Cuba

4 Frontier Jesuit Missions
 1 Evangelization: Case Studies of Frontier Missions
 2 The First Bourbon Mission Reform
 3 The Frontier Missions in the Mid-1750s
 4 Frontier Missions Following the Expulsion

5 Expelling the Jesuits from Puebla
 1 Transporting the Exiled Jesuits to Europe
 2 Conclusions

6 The Profile of the Jesuits in 1767
 1 Place of Origin
 2 The Age Profile of the Jesuits
 3 Conclusions

7 After the Expulsion
 1 Frontier Missionaries
 2 The Novitiate at Tepotzotlán
 3 Colegios in Mexico City and Puebla
 4 Other Jesuit Colegios
 5 Former Jesuit Urban Building Complexes
 6 The Expulsion of the Jesuits from the Philippines
 7 Conclusions

Conclusions

Appendices



Appendix 1: The Number of Jesuits in the Province of New Spain, in Selected Years

Appendix 2: The Jesuits in the Province of New Spain in June of 1767
 Jesuit Colegios in Mexico City
 Novitiate Tepotzotlán
 Colegios in Puebla
 Jesuits in the West in June of 1767
 Jesuits in the South in June of 1767
 Jesuits in the North in June of 1767
 Jesuits in Cuba and Guatemala in June 1767

Appendix 3: Place of Origin of the Jesuits in the Province of New Spain in June of 1767

Appendix 4: Age on Entering the Society of Jesus

Appendix 5: The Age in June of 1767 of the Jesuits in the Province of New Spain

Appendix 6: Age at Death of the Jesuits in the Province of New Spain in June of 1767

Appendix 7: Place of Death of the Jesuits in the Province of New Spain in June of 1767

Appendix 8: The Jesuits Stationed on the Guaraní Missions at the Time of the Expulsion

Appendix 9: Ships Employed to Transport Exiled Jesuits to Europe

Appendix 10: The Architectural Patrimony of the Ex-Jesuit Colegios in Puebla
 Ex Colegio del Espíritu Santo
 Colegio de San Jerónimo
 Colegio de San Ildefonso
 The Colegio of San Ignacio
 Colegio of San Francisco Xavier

Appendix 11: The Architectural Patrimony of the Jesuit Colegios in the Province of Peru
 Colegio Máximo de San Pablo (Lima)
 The Casa de Ejercicios
 Novitiate of San Antonio Abad (Lima)
 Doctrina/Colegio Santiago del Cercado (Lima)
 Nuestra Señora de los Desamparados-casa profesa (Lima)
 Hacienda San Juan el Grande Surco
 Colegio de la Transfiguración (Cusco)
 Ex Colegio de San Bernardo (Cusco)
 Ex Colegio de Santiago (Arequipa)
 Ex Colegio de San Carlos (Huamanga/Ayacucho)
 Ex Colegio de San Ignacio (La Plata/Chuquisaca/Sucre)

Bibliography
Index
This book will be of interest to historians of colonial Latin America, historical demography, religious history, and architectural history, as well as to the general audience.
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