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Intolerance, Polemics, and Debate in Antiquity
Politico-Cultural, Philosophical, and Religious Forms of Critical Conversation
Series: - Themes in Biblical Narrative, Volume: 25
In Intolerance, Polemics, and Debate in Antiquity scholars reflect on politico-cultural, philosophical, and religious forms of critical conversation in the ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, Graeco-Roman, and early-Islamic world. They enquire into the boundaries between debate, polemics, and intolerance, and address their manifestations in both philosophy and religion. This cross-cultural and inclusive approach shows that debate and polemics are not so different as often assumed, since polemics may also indicate that ultimate values are at stake. Polemics can also have a positive effect, stimulating further cultural development. Intolerance is more straightforwardly negative. Religious intolerance is often a justification for politics, but also elite rationalism can become totalitarian. The volume also highlights the importance of the fluency of minorities in the dominant discourses and of their ability to develop contrapuntal lines of thought within a common cultural discourse.
George van Kooten, Ph.D. (2001), Leiden University, is the Lady Margaretâs Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. His interests and expertise concern the contextualization of the New Testament writings in their Graeco-Roman context. Jacques van Ruiten, Ph.D. (1990), Catholic University Amsterdam, is Professor of the Reception History of the Bible at the University of Groningen. He has published extensively on the reception history of biblical texts, especially in early Judaism. Recently, he was visiting fellow at the Pontificio Instituto Biblico, Rome (2016-17). Contributors are: Robbert van den Berg, Stefan Beyerle, George Boys-Stones, Reuven Firestone, Pieter B. Hartog, Paul Heck, Paulin Ismard, George van Kooten, Marjo C. Korpel, Dominik Markl, Steve Mason, Peter Franz Mittag, James C. Oleson, James Carleton Paget, Lautaro Roig Lanzillotta, Jacques van Ruiten, Diego R. Sarrió Cucarella, Clare Wilde.
List of Illustrations
List of Contributors
Intolerance, Polemics, and Debate in Antiquity: Politico-Cultural, Philosophical, and Religious Forms of Critical Conversation in the Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, Graeco-Roman, and Early Islamic Worlds
1 Religious Intolerance in the Ancient Near East
âMarjo C. A. Korpel
2 Polemics against Child Sacrifice in Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History
âDominik Markl
3 Jubilees 11â12 against the Background of the Polemics against Idols in the Hebrew Bible and Early Jewish Literature
âJacques van Ruiten
4 Intolerance in Early Judaism: Emic and Etic Descriptions of Jewish Religions in the Second Temple Period
âStefan Beyerle
5 Intolerance and Freedom of Thought in Classical Athens: the Trial of Socrates
âPaulin Ismard
6 Antiochus IV Epiphanesâs Policy towards the Jews
âPeter Franz Mittag
7 Contesting OikoumenÄ: Resistance and Locality in Philoâs Legatio ad Gaium
âPieter B. Hartog
8 Stranger Danger! Amixia among Judaeans and Others
âSteve Mason
9 Difference, Opposition, and the Roots of Intolerance in Ancient Philosophical Polemic
âGeorge Boys-Stones
10 Johnâs Counter-Symposium: âThe Continuation of Dialogueâ in ChristianityâA Contrapuntal Reading of Johnâs Gospel and Platoâs Symposium
âGeorge van Kooten
11 Valentinian Protology and the Philosophical Debate regarding the First Principles
âLautaro Roig Lanzillotta
12 Celsusâs Jew and Jewish Anti-Christian Counter-Narrative: Evidence of an Important Form of Polemic in Jewish-Christian Disputation
âJames Carleton Paget
13 The Emperor Julian, Against the Cynic Heraclius (Oration 7): A Polemic about Myths
âRobbert M. van den Berg
14 Qurʾanic Anti-Jewish Polemics
âReuven Firestone
15 Christian-Muslim (In)tolerance? Islam and Muslims according to Early Christian Arabic Texts
âClare Wilde
16 The Intolerance of Rationalism: the Case of al-JÄḥiz in Ninth-Century Baghdad
âPaul L. Heck
17 The Law of Justice (Å¡arÄ«Ê¿at al-Ê¿adl) and the Law of Grace (Å¡arÄ«Ê¿at al-faá¸l) in Medieval Muslim-Christian Polemics
âDiego R. Sarrió Cucarella
18 Writing History with Lightning: D. W. Griffithâs Intolerance and the Imagined Past
âJames C. Oleson
Index
List of Contributors
Intolerance, Polemics, and Debate in Antiquity: Politico-Cultural, Philosophical, and Religious Forms of Critical Conversation in the Ancient Near Eastern, Biblical, Graeco-Roman, and Early Islamic Worlds
part 1: Discourses within the Ancient Near East and Early Judaism
1 Religious Intolerance in the Ancient Near East
âMarjo C. A. Korpel
2 Polemics against Child Sacrifice in Deuteronomy and the Deuteronomistic History
âDominik Markl
3 Jubilees 11â12 against the Background of the Polemics against Idols in the Hebrew Bible and Early Jewish Literature
âJacques van Ruiten
4 Intolerance in Early Judaism: Emic and Etic Descriptions of Jewish Religions in the Second Temple Period
âStefan Beyerle
part 2: Discourses with Greek and Roman Powers
5 Intolerance and Freedom of Thought in Classical Athens: the Trial of Socrates
âPaulin Ismard
6 Antiochus IV Epiphanesâs Policy towards the Jews
âPeter Franz Mittag
7 Contesting OikoumenÄ: Resistance and Locality in Philoâs Legatio ad Gaium
âPieter B. Hartog
8 Stranger Danger! Amixia among Judaeans and Others
âSteve Mason
part 3: Discourses between Greeks, Christians, and Jews
9 Difference, Opposition, and the Roots of Intolerance in Ancient Philosophical Polemic
âGeorge Boys-Stones
10 Johnâs Counter-Symposium: âThe Continuation of Dialogueâ in ChristianityâA Contrapuntal Reading of Johnâs Gospel and Platoâs Symposium
âGeorge van Kooten
11 Valentinian Protology and the Philosophical Debate regarding the First Principles
âLautaro Roig Lanzillotta
12 Celsusâs Jew and Jewish Anti-Christian Counter-Narrative: Evidence of an Important Form of Polemic in Jewish-Christian Disputation
âJames Carleton Paget
13 The Emperor Julian, Against the Cynic Heraclius (Oration 7): A Polemic about Myths
âRobbert M. van den Berg
part 4: Discourses between Muslims, Jews, Christians and Greeks
14 Qurʾanic Anti-Jewish Polemics
âReuven Firestone
15 Christian-Muslim (In)tolerance? Islam and Muslims according to Early Christian Arabic Texts
âClare Wilde
16 The Intolerance of Rationalism: the Case of al-JÄḥiz in Ninth-Century Baghdad
âPaul L. Heck
17 The Law of Justice (Å¡arÄ«Ê¿at al-Ê¿adl) and the Law of Grace (Å¡arÄ«Ê¿at al-faá¸l) in Medieval Muslim-Christian Polemics
âDiego R. Sarrió Cucarella
part 5: Modern Cinematic Reflection
18 Writing History with Lightning: D. W. Griffithâs Intolerance and the Imagined Past
âJames C. Oleson
Index
All interested in the phenomena of intolerance and polemics in Antiquity, both in the ancient Near East and in Graeco-Roman Antiquity, including early Judaism, early Christianity, and early Islam, both in philosophy and religion.