Figures
15.1 The fate reserved for wine-drinkers according to the BNF manuscript, Supplément turc 190, fol. 65 v 437
15.2 Page from the manuscript of Nawāʾī’s Khamsa, describing the beginning of the Ḥayrat al-abrār miʿrāj. University of Michigan – Special Collection Library, Isl. MS. 450, p. 16 441
18.1 Inscribed glass bottle containing a miniature Qurʾān placed on a stand and surrounded by decorative beads, Ottoman lands, late 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, G.Y. 913 536
18.2 Glass bottle with a hilye showing a depiction of Mecca, Ottoman lands, late 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, G.Y. 1413 538
18.3 Glass bottle with a hilye showing a depiction of Medina, Ottoman lands, late 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, G.Y. 1413 540
18.4 Metal plaque containing a hilye of the Prophet and other amuletic inscriptions and designs, Ottoman lands, late nineteenth or twentieth century. Halûk Perk Collection, Istanbul, unnumbered. Left: the original printing plaque, with writing in reverse; and right: the plaque digitally flipped to render the script legible 541
18.5 Lines of Persian poetry in the hilye bottle illustrated in figures 18.2
and 18.3 542
18.6 Lines of Persian poetry in the hilye bottle illustrated in figures 18.2
and 18.3 543
18.7 First side of icon, hilye bottle with a stopper covered in red silk and a rope and chain wrapped around its neck, Ottoman lands, late 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, G.Y. 954 544
18.8 Second side of icon illustrated in figure 18.7 545
18.9 Detail of the backsides of the hilye panels included in the bottle illustrated in figures 18.7 and 18.8 547
18.10 Hilye bottle with a metal wire attached to the verbal icon, Ottoman lands, late 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, G.Y. 429 548
18.11 Inscription on the first side of the hilye bottle illustrated in figure 10 550
18.12 Inscription on the second side of the hilye bottle illustrated in figure 10 551
18.13 The Prophet Muḥammad’s hilye with directions of use attributed to al-Tirmidhī, included in a prayer book, Ottoman lands, 18th or 19th century. Topkapı Palace Museum Library, Istanbul, E.H. 996, folios 10v–11r 553
18.14 A double-page depiction of Mecca and Medina, the latter showing smudges over the Prophet Muḥammad’s tomb, al-Jazūlī, Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt, Ottoman lands, late 18th century. Museum of Islamic Art, Doha, MS. 419.2007, folios–18r 555
18.15 A heavily smudged double-page painting of Mecca and Medina, al-Jazūlī, Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt, Süleymaniye Library, Istanbul, Hacı Mahmud Efendi 3986, folios 12v–13r 556
18.16 Conical straw bundle containing the soil from Medina, before 1958, Oosters Instituut (The Oriental Institute), Leiden, The Netherlands, RMV B106–49 560
18.17 Glass bottle containing Zamzam water, before 1958, Oosters Instituut (The Oriental Institute), Leiden, The Netherlands, RMV B106–88 562
18.18 Plastic bottles filled with Zamzam water, offered for sale in a store of devotional goods near the Eyüp shrine, Istanbul. Photograph by author, summer 2016 563
18.19 Terracotta cup inscribed with Sūrat Yā-Sīn, Ottoman lands, 19th century. Ekrem Hakkı Ayverdi Collection, Istanbul, cat. no. 120 565
18.20 “Spring of the Miraculous Fishes at Baloukli,” included in Robert Walsh, Constantinople and the Scenery of the Seven Churches of Asia Minor Illustrated in a Series of Drawings from Nature by Thomas Allom (London and Paris: Fisher, 1838), pages 50–51 568
18.21 The sacred spring and icon of the Virgin Mary and Christ Child in the “Fountain of Life” (Zoodochos Pege) crypt church in Balıklı, Istanbul. Photograph by author, summer 2018 570
18.22 Plastic water bottle impressed with the name of the Zoodochos Pege sacred spring and an image depicting the Virgin Mary and Christ Child. Bottle acquired at the holy spring by the author in summer 2018 572
18.23 “Vue de Indjiuli-Kiosk,” image included in Choiseul-Gouffier, Voyage pittoresque dans l’Empire ottoman, en Grèce, dans la Troade, les îles de l’Archipel et sur les côtes de l’Asie-mineure (Paris: J.-P. Aillaud, 1842), volume 2, plate 72 573
18.24 Icon bottle showing the Virgin Mary and Christ Child with Saint Eleutherios, Monastery of the Virgin Evangelistria, Tenos, Greece, 19th or 20th century. Bottle acquired in Istanbul by the author in summer 2017 575
18.25 Icon bottle depicting the Passion of Christ, made in Hungary, nineteenth or twentieth century. Bachkovo Monastery Museum, Bulgaria. Photograph by author, summer 2018 576
19.1 Recent Facsimile Edition of Süleyman Çelebi, Mevlid-i Şerif. Vesiletü’n-Necat, Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Ankara 2008 589
19.2 Yazıcıoghlı, Risāle-i Muḥmmediyye, author’s copy, Ankara, Vakıflar Genel Müdürlüğü, 221livaA, banner of the Prophet on the right margin 594
19.3 Bursalı İsmāʿīl Ḥaḳḳı’s copy of Yazıcıoghlı, Risāle-i Muḥmmediyye, İnebey Kütüphanesi, Bursa, Genel 58 (1121/1709), 133a; copy of the banner of the Prophet on the left margin with reference to the original 595
19.4 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye, Banner of the Prophet, Ankara, Milli Kütüphane, Ankara, B 960 (1057/1648), 152b 595
19.5 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye, Fan-shaped arrangement of verses, Istanbul, TSMK HS 93, 241b–242a 596
19.6 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye, oval, eye-shaped calligraphic arrangement of verses, with a dot in the middle of each oval visualizing the Prophet’s vision of God, Istanbul, TSMK HS 93 (908/1502), 238b–239a 597
19.7 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye, Birth of the Prophet, Ms Cairo, Dār al-Kutub al-Maṣriyya (DKM), Maʿārif ʿĀmma Turkī Ṭalʿat 22, 48a 599
19.8 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye, Prostration of the new-born Prophet at the Kaʿba, Ms Cairo, Dār al-Kutub al-Maṣriyya (DKM), Maʿārif ʿĀmma Turkī Ṭalʿat 22, 48b 600
19.9 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye – The Prophet’s encounter with God during the miʿrāj, DKM Maʿārif ʿĀmma Turkī Ṭalʿat 22, 66b 601
19.10 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye – The Prophet’s and Abū Bakr’s refuge in the cave during the hijra, DKM Maʿārif ʿĀmma Turkī Ṭalʿat 22, 82a 602
19.11 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye – The Prophet’s and Abū Bakr’s refuge in the cave during the hijra, from a print copy, Istanbul 1294/1877, 125 603
19.12 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye – The Prophet’s and Abū Bakr’s taking refuge in the cave at mount Thawr during the hijra, hidden behind a spider’s web; printed version, Istanbul 1300/1882–3 604
19.13 Risāle-i Muḥammediyye – hilye text, printed Cairo (ref.? date?), 64 606
19.14 Ḥilye-i Khāḳānī, selected verses as a panel (muraḳḳaʿ), by the calligrapher Arabzade Mehmed Saadullah, from Derman, Letters in gold, 102f 610
19.15 Khāḳānī, hilye, printed Istanbul 1264/1848, introductory pages 611
19.16 Khāḳānī, hilye, Rose as symbol of the Prophet. Hamidiye Library, endowment of Sultan ʿAbdülḥamīd I (reg. 1774–1789), SK Hamidiye 1075 612
19.17 Khāḳānī, hilye, “Seal of Prophethood” (mühr-i nubuvvet), SK Şehid Ali Paşa 2755, completed Tuesday, 18 ZA 1075/2 June 1665 613
19.18 Ḥilye compilation, Istanbul, Ms SK Hüsrev 36 615
20.1 Fez, Qandūsī’s painting at the tomb of Moulay Idris 623
20.2 Taʾsīs II, fol. 77a. The encounter with Shamharūsh 634
20.3 Taʾsis II, fol. 83a. The tetragram “Muḥammad” 639
20.4 Detail of the outlining of letters in Qurʾān 12613, from vol. 12, f. 12a 647
20.5 Detail of the outlining of letters in Qurʾān 12613, vol. 11, f. 36a 647
20.6 Writing “Muḥammad” – vol. 9, f. 46b 648
20.7 Writing “Muḥammad”, vol. 11, f. 14a 649
20.8 Writing “Muḥammad” – vol. 11, f. 36a 649
20.9 Qurʾān 12613, vol. 9, f. 116a 650
20.10 f. 69a: Marginal gloss about the autograph copy 653
20.11 f. 87b: Marginal glosses about the autograph copy 653
20.12 Examples of crossing out and clumsiness in the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K 654
20.13 Qandūsī’s prayer in microscopic writing between the stems of monumental letters, f. 20b 657
20.14 Illuminated opening pages of volume 9 of the Qurʾān 12613, Sūra 30, ff. 1b–2a, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library 661
20.15 Illuminated opening pages of volume 11 of the Qurʾān 12613, Sūra 46, ff. 1b–2a, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library 662
20.16 Illuminated opening pages of volume 12 of the Qurʾān 12613, Sūra 62, ff. 1b–2a, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library 663
20.17 Double page of text of volume 12 of the Qurʾān_Sūra 62, 63, ff. 4b–5a, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library 664
20.18 Double page of text with sūra golden title of volume 12 of the Qurʾān 12613, Sūra-s 68, 69, ff. 38–39a, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library 665
20.19 Writing of the ʿayn in volume 9 of the Qurʾān 12613, Sūra 37, al-Ḥasaniyya Royal Library_109b 666
20.20 Illuminated double frontispiece of the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt J634, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco, ff. 1b–2a 667
20.21 Double page of text with the use of gold and coloured inks and ornamental motives, Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt J634, ff. 59b–61a, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco 668
20.22 Illuminated opening pages of the text of the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt K399, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco, ff. 20b–21a 669
20.23 Double frontispiece of the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K, f. 12b–13a, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco 670
20.24 Representations of the sanctuaries of Mecca and Medina in the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K, ff. 17b, 18a, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco 671
20.25 Representations of the Prophet’s sandals (al-naʿl al-nabawī) in the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K, ff. 18b–19a, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco 672
20.26 Monumental writings of the basmala and the profession of faith in the Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K, f. 19b–20a, National Library of the Kingdom of Morocco 673
20.27 Monumental inscription of the names of Allāh and the Prophet, Dalāʾil al-Khayrāt 399K, ff. 20b–21a 674
Tables
2.1 Percentages of traditions mentioning Muḥammad (including various asānīd) in the kutub al-maghāzī or ḥadīth collections 96
5.1 Sources for the knowledge of the Prophet’s reality in the first part of the Shifāʾ 165