Survival of the potato brown rot bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2) in Egyptian soils

D.T. Tomlinson; J.G. Elphinstone; H. Abd El-Fatah; S.H.A. Agag; M. Kamal; M.Y. Soliman; M.M. Abd El-Aliem; H. Abd El-Ghany; S.A. El-Haddad; Faiza G. Fawzi; J.D. Janse

Survival of the potato brown rot bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2) in Egyptian soils

In: Potato in progress

Authors:

D.T. Tomlinson

D.T. Tomlinson ¹Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK

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J.G. Elphinstone

J.G. Elphinstone ¹Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK

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H. Abd El-Fatah

H. Abd El-Fatah ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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S.H.A. Agag

S.H.A. Agag ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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M. Kamal

M. Kamal ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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M.Y. Soliman

M.Y. Soliman ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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M.M. Abd El-Aliem

M.M. Abd El-Aliem ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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H. Abd El-Ghany

H. Abd El-Ghany ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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S.A. El-Haddad

S.A. El-Haddad ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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Faiza G. Fawzi

Faiza G. Fawzi ²Potato Brown Rot Project (Phase II), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

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, and

J.D. Janse

J.D. Janse ³Plant Protection Service, Geertjesweg 15, 6700 HC Wageningen, The Netherlands

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 233–238

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-562-8_028

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Survival of R. solanacearum biovar 2 in different Egyptian soils has been studied under both laboratory and field conditions. Survival in inoculated soil samples in the laboratory was found to vary to some extent with temperature, soil type and differences in moisture content between 50 and 100% of water holding capacity. The effects of temperature and moisture content were variable in different experiments but survival was generally longer at 15 °C than at 28 °C and at 100% rather than 50% of water holding capacity. In laboratory experiments, maximum survival times in both clay and sandy soil samples from the Nile Delta region were around 180 days at 15 °C and 100% water potential whilst at 50% water potential and 15 °C survival was around 120 days in sandy soil and around 100 days in clay soil. At 28 °C, survival was shorter in both soil types and both water potentials. The maximum survival time recorded over all soil types and conditions during in vitro studies was around 200 days. Similar survival times were also observed in inoculated sandy and clay soils held in vertical columns under field conditions at previously brown rot affected sites in the Nile Delta region. Recoverable populations of the bacterium on selective SMSA medium declined from 10⁸ cfu per ml to zero in around 70-90 days, regardless of the depth of the soil column from 10 - 50 cm below the soil surface. Furthermore, at the end of the experiment, no detectable infections occurred in tomato seedlings up to 10 weeks after transplanting into the same soil samples under quarantine glasshouse conditions at 25 °C. Extensive surveys conducted in both Nile Delta and reclaimed desert areas were conducted in order to assess the distribution of R. solanacearum in Egyptian potato growing areas. Results collected over 2 years (2003-2005) showed that the pathogen was rarely isolated from soil samples except occasionally in the Nile Delta area when collected during or immediately after a potato crop affected by bacterial wilt. Testing of samples of representative weed spp. and volunteer potatoes collected from potato fields also showed that the pathogen was only detected during or soon after infected potato crops. No evidence was found for the existence of naturally infected perennial weed hosts of the bacterium which could act as long term reservoirs of the pathogen, nor was there any evidence that the pathogen was surviving outside of the host crop in potato-growing regions designated as pest free areas. It was therefore concluded that potato brown rot could be reliably controlled through use of adequate rotation periods and pathogen-free seed.

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Potato in progress

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E-Book ISBN:: 9789086865628

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 30 Oct 2005

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Agriculture & Environment

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Survival of the potato brown rot bacterium (Ralstonia solanacearum biovar 2) in Egyptian soils

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Potato in progress

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