Notes on Translation and Transliteration
Footnote Abbreviations
The following footnote format, with one exception, is used throughout the book: ARCHIVE, Fond (collection), Opis’ (inventory), Delo (file), Listy (list). For example: RGASPI, Fond 17, Opis’ 21, Delo 5379, List 80–83. For protocols of Communist Party meetings, the following is used: ARCHIVE, Fond, Opis’, Delo (date), Protocol/Punkt.
| GARF | Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii (State Archive of the Russian Federation) |
| RGASPI | Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sotsial’no-politicheskoi istorii (Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History) |
| NKID | Narodnyi Komissariat Inostrannykh Del (People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs) |
| OGPU pri SNK SSSR | Ob”edinennoe Gosudarstvennoe Politicheskoe Upravlenie pri Sovete Narodnykh Komissarov SSSR (Joint State Political Directorate under the Council of People’s Commissars of the USSR) |
| TsIK | Tsentral’nyi Ispolnitel’nyi Komitet (Central Executive Committee) |
| UK RSFSR | Ugolovnyi Kodeks RSFSR (Criminal Code of the RSFSR) |
A Note on Style
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The author could not locate proper Russian and Korean names for some of the individuals listed in the book owing to gaps in and the sparsity of the archival materials.
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The author was not always able to produce transliterations following McCune-Reischauer romanization for Korean names rendered in Cyrillic, owing to imperfections in the original archival materials already translated into Russian. Where possible, educated guesses have been made.
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Some of the Korean names are not spelled using the Korean alphabet.
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Archival materials written in Russian frequently corrupt foreign geographic names as well. Some of the Korean geographic names mentioned in these sources in Cyrillic renditions could not be located on either old or new maps of Korea.
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The martyrology entries are not uniform in content as evidence was collected using a variety of Soviet and Russian archival sources. The language used and the volume of information used in the verdicts dispensed by the Soviet justice system also differed depending upon the geographic destination of the source. Thus, some of the sources are extremely detailed while others are quite laconic.