Chapter 8 View from the Piazza
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Chapter Eight considers the architectural setting of the rallies in Piazza Venezia, with particular attention to the historical resonances of the surrounding buildings as perceived during the events by eyewitnesses. The role of temporary accoutrements, both visual and aural, in simulating emotional response receives particular scrutiny. Rather than viewing the general public as a homogeneous block, the chapter parses the assembled civilian multitudes to distinguish among its components. Mussolini delivers his own gloss on the meaning of the built environment surrounding the piazza. The diary of Clara Petacci, the Duce’s last mistress, allows intimate access to the goings-on in the Sala del Mappamondo during the rallies and exposes the leader’s obsessions and anxieties over the agency of the crowd. Yet as the regime’s bid for great power status faltered and the human cost of foreign policy adventures mounted, so did charisma’s descent follow.