Index
academic
academic capitalism see See capitalism
academic hegemons
50
academic imperialism see See imperialism
academic power see See power
activism
activist-privacy nexus
125
climate activism
133
data activism
30, 34, 37
digital activism
125, 127–130, 138–139
migrant solidarity activism
133
political activism
129, 132, 170
prodemocracy activists
174–175, 179
queer activism
133
slacktivism
129, 169
ad
advertisement / advertising
91, 105–107, 237, 239
advertorials
106
commercial advertising
105, 107–108
Adyen
252
Africa
24, 46, 56, 238
algorithm
algorithm governance see See governance
algorithm regulations
184–185, 199
algorithmic bias see See bias
algorithmic discrimination
232, 238, 242
algorithmic governmentality
59, 91, 02
algorithmic interpolation
95, 97, 99
algorithmic recommendation service
185, 199
algorithmic systems
22, 24, 198
machine learning algorithm
231, 238, 283
platform algorithm
91, 93–96, 98–99
Alibaba
190, 193
Alphabet
86–87, 93
Google
25, 52, 67, 87, 93, 112, 213, 231, 232, 253, 282
Alexa
90, 235
Amazon
67, 86, 90, 92–95, 235
anglicisation
51, 276
Apple
86, 95–96, 235, 253
Apps
78, 86, 235
Arab spring
168–169
arena
global arena
34, 50, 51
public arena
139, 210
artificial intelligence (AI)
AI chatbots
229, 234
AI governance
184–186, 199, 200, 201
AI innovation
184, 193, 197
AI policy / policies
185, 237
AI winter
228
gendered AI
234
attention
attention hijacking
145, 147, 149, 152, 158, 161, 197
attention trigger
97n, 97–99
audience
audience backlash
217–219
authoritarian(ism)
34, 70, 130, 132, 167, 168
automatic language processing advisory committee (ALPAC)
278
autonomy
46, 53–57, 59, 87, 126–127, 195, 286
ban
74, 77–78, 166, 180
beauty
beauty ideals
106, 109, 238
beauty norms
109, 110
beauty premium
110
beauty standards
105, 109, 110, 116, 239
bias
algorithmic bias
13, 238
explicit bias
256
gender bias
238, 252–253, 256, 262, 264–267
implicit bias
253, 256, 258, 264
social bias
228
societal bias
263, 289
systematic bias
193
unconscious bias
256
body
body image
109, 110, 112–113, 115, 117
body positivity
109
Booking.com
252
Brandy Melville
105, 110–111
Budapest Open Access Initiative
50
Buddhism
73
capitalism
academic capitalism
44, 48, 51
data capitalism
130
digital capitalism
58
platform capitalism
68
surveillance capitalism
24, 68, 130–131, 196, 234
Critical Data Studies (CDS)
21–26, 29–33, 35–40
celebrity
celebrity culture
110, 116
celebrity effect
114
celebrity images
115
celebrity style
112–113
internet celebrity
106
microcelebrity
106, 209, 210–212, 214–215, 217, 219–225
censorship
censorship policy / policies
169
self-censorship
129, 210, 212–213, 221
ChatGPT
37, 228, 237–238, 283, 287
Chile
47–48, 56
China
54, 59, 86, 105–110, 113–114, 116, 138, 184–190, 192–194, 196–201, 236
civilisation / civilization
25, 191
climate change
25–26, 29, 34
CLOVA
241
collective
collective action
129, 166, 168–169
collective identity
26, 155, 186
collective power
58
colonialism
data colonialism
24, 66, 68, 72
decolonial
68–69
historical colonialism
67
neo-colonial
51
postcolonial
68–69, 169
tech colonialism
25
commerce
e-commerce
105–106
communication
communication sovereignty see See sovereignty
corporate communication
37
International Communication Association
49
political communication
167
public communication
57, 187
telecommunication
66, 71, 169, 173
community
academic community
54, 56, 60
community formation
37
global community
73
competition
46
computational approaches / methods
22, 36, 37, 38, 39, 167, 180, 230, 273, 278
conflict
armed conflict
144
connectivity
digital connectivity
35
global connectivity
29
mobile connectivity
71
platform connectivity
67
constrained cultural transduction
275
content
content creation / creator
105, 168, 171–173, 176, 209, 213, 217–218, 221, 237
content generation
184
content moderation / content moderator
73–74, 77, 180
content production
57, 209, 216, 224
copyright
copyright violation
239, 240
cosmopolitan
cosmopolitan interdependencies
26
cosmopolitan sociology
25
cosmopolitanism
21, 25–32, 34–36, 39
COVID-19 (pandemic)
28, 53, 173, 193
creativity
285–286
culture
consumer culture
111
digital culture
25, 105–106, 108, 123, 137, 229
influencer culture
108, 113, 115
platform culture
216, 220, 224
surveillance culture
85, 89, 98–99
workplace culture
266
customer
customer divergence
107
cyber
cyberconflict
35
cyberculture
212
cyber-harassment
138
Danish
274
data
big data
23, 24, 31–32, 38, 67, 74–77, 194, 228, 231
biometric data
86, 96
data activism see See activism
data capture
123–124, 137
data circulation
87, 89
data collection
36, 45, 85, 87, 99, 131, 134, 277
data colonialism see See colonialism
data divide see See divide
data donation
38
data exploitation
25
data extraction
70
data feminism see See feminism
data governance see See governance
data justice
30
data theft
35
data world
89, 91, 92, 98
datafication
34–35, 85
datafied indifference
137
digital data
23, 28, 85
metadata
45, 50, 52, 54, 58, 112, 145, 149, 172
user data
52, 86–87, 88n, 90, 93, 95, 98–99, 107, 290
Deepl
137, 286
defamation
239
degradation
50
democracy
53, 132, 166, 170, 233, 273
dependence
asymmetric dependence
50
Dependency Theory
47
independence
54, 57, 59, 132, 146, 219
interdependence
26–27, 31, 275
de-statization
51, 53
determinism
131, 191, 195
developmentalist
185–187, 189, 193, 196
dewesternization
21
digital
digital culture see See culture
digital data see See data
digital divide see See divide
digital economy
53, 198
digital exclusion
52
digital gateway
56
digital governance see See governance
digital infrastructure
77
digital knowledge
58
digital literacy see See literacy
digital media see See media
digital platforms see See platform
digital policy / policies see See policy
digital realm
56, 138
digital society
22, 24, 191
digital sovereignty see See sovereignty
digital Terrae Nullus see See Terrae Nullus
digitalization
45
discrimination
gender(-based) discrimination
242, 257
sexual discrimination
242n
sociocultural discrimination
231–232, 238, 242
disinformation
168, 228, 233
diversity
cultural diversity
47
diversity hire
264
gender diversity
251
global diversity
26
divide
big data divide
67
digital divide
53–54, 72
dysmorphia
Snapchat dysmorphia
109
dystopia
194, 196
East Asia
24, 108, 173, 239
economic
economic capital
115
economic crisis
51
economic imperialism see See imperialism
economic power
110
economic stagnation
48
emoji
144, 146, 152–155, 158–161, 172, 177–178
emoji-hashtag see See hashtag
engagement
34, 66, 133, 136, 144–145, 149, 150, 152, 154, 160–162, 167–169, 172–173, 177–178, 211, 214, 285
English
38, 45, 48, 50, 73–74, 111, 130, 169, 171, 180, 231, 260, 275–276, 278–279, 283, 285–291, 292, 294
Environment, Society and Governance (ESG)
192
European Union (EU )
28, 38, 185n, 240
expression
self-expression
116, 136, 209, 218, 219
extractivism
69
Facebook
66–67, 69, 70–78, 88, 91, 123, 129, 166–180
facial recognition
193, 231, 237, 238
feed
88, 91, 237
feminism
anti-feminist
231–232
data feminism
24
feminisation
235
feminist
21, 125, 133, 229, 232, 242
she-economy
106
women’s empowerment
133
framing
33, 72, 109, 214, 216, 219–221, 224
freedom
36, 53, 95, 129, 132, 157, 192, 209, 210, 212
French
57, 85, 285, 286
Gatebox
241
gender
gender bias see See bias
gender discrimination see See discrimination
gender disparity
251, 253
gender diversity see See diversity
gender equality
251, 266–267
gender gap
229, 251–254, 256, 258, 261, 263–264, 266–267
gender identity see See identity
gender inequality see See inequality
gender norms
251
gender parity
252
gender ratio
107, 253, 257
gender stereotypes see See stereotype
genocide
66, 73, 158
German
277n, 285
gisting
275, 293
global
global arena
34, 50, 51
global inequality
25
Global North
24, 30, 50, 73, 86
global politics
51
global ranking systems
48, 55
Global South
21, 24, 30, 33–35, 38, 49, 50, 60, 66, 69, 72–73, 86, 129
global transformation
23, 30
globalisation
27–29, 267, 280
Google. see See Alphabet
governance
AI-governance
184–186, 199, 200
algorithm governance
198
data governance
24, 33, 198
digital governance
52
governmentality
89–92, 98, 189
self-governance
89
gynoids
237
hacking
35
hashtag / #
#EndSARS
129
#fyp
150
#metoo
242n
co-hashtag
147, 149–153, 159–161
cross-hashtagging
145–146, 149, 151–152, 154
emoji-hashtag
145, 147
hashflags
148, 152–154, 157–158, 161
hashtag publics
146, 148
hashtag-emoji
152
hierarchy
hierarchisation / hierarchization
51
homogenization
51, 110, 116, 288
human right
33, 59, 72–73, 75, 133, 170, 174
hype
23, 186, 283, 289
ICT
190, 263
identity
gender identity
255
identity construction
134–136
personal identity
127
IFIs (international financing institutions)
48
imitator
114
imperialism
academic imperialism
46, 48, 50
colonial imperialism
54
cultural imperialism
47–48, 50, 280, 287, 292
digital imperialism
54
economic imperialism
50–51
epistemic imperialism
45, 50
intellectual imperialism
44
technological imperialism
59
impression
impression management
213, 215, 217, 222, 224–225
industrialisation / industrialization
188, 242
inequality
financial inequality
255
gender inequality
252
global inequality
25
social inequality
232
structural inequality
44
influencer
88, 105–108, 111–117, 147, 152–153, 157, 211, 215, 217
Instagram
88, 91, 137, 217, 221, 240
integrity
contextual integrity
124–125, 127, 134, 136–139
journalistic integrity
132
intelligentisation
189
interface
27, 86, 94, 171, 286
Internet
Internet control
166
Internet law
210
Internet of things
188, 228
interpellation
85, 95–99
interpolation
95–99
Italy
168
Japan
176, 229n, 229–230, 236–243, 240n
journalist / journalism
journalistic integrity
132
juxtaposition
153, 158
language models
50, 74, 228, 273n, 282–283, 288, 289, 293
Latin America
24, 44–56, 58–60
learning
deep learning
228, 230, 233, 284
human-like learning
230
machine learning
24, 172, 228, 230–232, 238, 276–277, 283–284
Leiden Manifesto
52
LGBT(Q)I+
133, 212, 242n, 254
liberalism
market-liberal
25
neoliberal (economic) policies
46, 48, 60
neoliberal globalization
45, 48
neoliberal logic
48
neoliberal principles
48
neoliberalism
48, 132
lingua franca
45, 48, 50, 65, 276
LinkedIn
97, 97n, 258
literacy
data literacy
127, 130, 136, 139
digital literacy
60, 75–76
Majority World
46, 49, 59
manipulation
45, 93, 170, 233
marginalisation / marginalization
marginalized (social) group
21, 30, 124, 133, 192, 231
Marx(ist)
131, 195, 196
media
digital media
31–32, 35, 37–38, 44, 106–107, 113, 167–169
mass media
46, 210, 215, 231n
media ecology
87–89, 91–92, 94n, 95–98, 106, 113
media independence
132
media journalist
128
media technology
31–32, 87–88
social media platform
38, 85, 91, 97, 116, 130, 167, 194, 196, 217, 220
meme
counter-memes
148
memefication
161
memetic weaponization
148
Meta
89, 91, 285n
metropolis
69, 197
Microsoft
52, 86–87, 97, 231–232, 235, 253
Tay-AI
232
mobile
mobile connectivity see See connectivity
mobile penetration
169
modulation
87
Mohalla
86
monitoring
self-monitoring
253
Monroe Doctrine
47
movement
social movement
128–129, 168–169, 186, 215, 220
Myanmar
66–78, 166–173, 175–180
nationalism
transnationalism
26, 28–29
Natural Language Processing (NLP)
38, 74, 282
net neutrality
71, 83
Netherlands
244, 251–252, 267, 280, 291–292
network
global network
33
New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO)
47
news
news portal
170
online
online footprint
193
opinion
opinion leader
115
public opinion
76, 115, 168, 240, 242
peace
peace negotiations
70
periphery
44–45, 49, 68–69, 72, 274, 291–292
platform
digital platforms
46, 52, 57–58, 73, 106, 108, 123–124, 129, 133, 135, 136, 139, 197
platform algorithm see See algorithm
platform capitalism see See capitalism
platform connectivity
67
platform ecosystem
87, 88n, 89, 91, 93, 96, 99, 197
platform infrastructure
91
social media platform see See media
policy
AI (governance) policy
185, 199
censorship policy
169
content policy
180
data policy
37
digital policy
44, 59, 60
Digital Sovereignty Policy
54, 59
economic policy
48
national policy
27–28, 193
platform policy
129, 139
policy announcement
67
policy making / policymaking
200, 240, 242, 252
policymakers
185, 291
public policy
44, 58, 59
social policy
48, 251
politics
political actor
73
political alignment
213
political engagement
167, 211, 214
political overthrow
166
political practices
69
political transformation see See transformation
political unrest
167, 180
politicisation
32, 37, 214
pornography
233, 239, 240n
power
academic power
49
asymmetric power
44
imperial power
66
power dynamics
23, 45, 229, 261, 266, 274
power imbalances
256, 257, 266
power practice
88, 98
power shift
45
processing power
74
social power
106, 115
pragmatism
44, 59
prejudice
89, 263
priming
94, 214–218, 223, 224, 288
privacy
informational privacy
123–126, 128–129, 133
privacy expectations
127
privacy norms
124–125, 127–128, 138–139
privacy perception
129, 134
productivity
72, 188–189, 195, 200, 275, 280, 284
promotion
promotion tactic
113, 115
promotional strategies
114
prompt
platform-prompted
94
propaganda
144–147, 149–150, 154–155, 157–161
protection
(General) Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
131, 290
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
131
Data Security Law (DSL)
198
Personal Information Protection Law (PIPL)
198
Turkish law on Protection of Personal Data (KVKK)
132
racialization
235
ranking system
48, 51–52
realism
27
regulation
self-regulation
192–193
reorganization
48
resistance
50, 71, 77, 83, 129, 149, 154
revolution
Cuban Revolution
47
ritual
96–98, 97n, 148
Russia
54, 59, 86, 144–150, 152–155, 157–161, 233, 278, 287
San Francisco Declaration
52
science
science, technology and innovation (STI) indicators
51, 56
scientific associations
49
scientific communities
50
Scopus
45
search engine
93, 170, 232
secondary orality
145, 147–148, 151–152, 158–161
self-construction
127
sex-
robo-sexism
237–238
sexism
233, 242
sexual discrimination
242n
sexual harassment
241, 255
sexual objectification
236
sexual politics
229–230, 237–238, 242–243
sexual violence
229, 233–234, 236, 239, 242
shining through phenomenon
281
Signal
78, 129
social
social capital
117
social equity
251
social formations
21, 29, 33
social interactions
21–22, 24, 26–28, 31
social justice
59, 196
social media platform see See media
social misery
48
social order
186, 189
social phenomenon
28, 39
social power see See power
social reality
31
social transformations see See transformation
social wellbeing
45, 193
solutionism
67, 191
Sony
229n, 240
sound-linking
146, 148
South Korea
186, 236
sovereignty
communication sovereignty
59
digital sovereignty
44–46, 52, 54, 56, 59
epistemic sovereignty
45, 50–52, 54–55, 58–59
monarchical sovereignty
57
Soviet Union
46, 48
spam
179
Spanish
45, 93–94, 275, 285
Sphere
global sphere
21, 28
STEM
197, 251–252, 254–255, 257
stereotype
gender stereotype
235
national stereotype
147, 155
sticker
144, 157–159
stratification
stratified data
92–95, 94n, 98
surveillance
digital surveillance
77, 137
hostile surveillance
210
mass surveillance
25
surveillance capitalism
24, 68, 130, 234
surveillance cultures
85–86, 89, 98, 137, 196
sustainable
58–59, 192
Swedish
274
Swiftian
277
Taobao
113
technology
technology framing
32–33
technology of power
90–91
technology trend
25, 39
transnational technology
45
Tencent
86, 108, 191, 192
Terrae nullus
digital terrae nullus
67, 78
terrorism
25–26
theory
dependency theory
47
TikTok
78, 145–150, 152, 154, 160–161, 217
WarTok
144, 146, 152, 159, 161–162
transformation
cultural transformation
53
digital transformation
24, 52
global transformation
23, 30
political transformation
26
self-transformation
91
social / societal transformation
31
transnational transformation
34
translation
automated translation
273, 273n, 276, 278, 283–285, 287–289, 292–293
computer-aided translation
279–280
machine translation
273, 275–276, 278–279, 281–288, 289, 291–293, 294n
statistical machine translation
282, 286
translation automation
280
translation production
285
translation reception
285
trigger
27, 85, 97n, 97–99, 161, 166, 189, 266
troll
158, 210
Turkey
123–125, 129, 132–134, 136–139, 209, 210, 212–213, 215, 222, 225
Twitter / X
38, 78, 123, 130, 139, 209, 210–224, 232
Ukraine
144–148, 150, 152–155, 158–161
UNESCO
47
United Kingdom (UK )
47
United States
44, 46–49, 51, 54, 56, 59, 176, 225, 240, 278
urbanisation / urbanization
193
user
user agreement
86
user data
52, 86–87, 88n, 90, 93, 95, 98–99, 107, 290
user desire
94
violence
epistemic violence
51
gender-based violence
232
genocidal violence
73
sexual violence
229, 232–234, 236, 239, 242, 242n
VK
86
Wanghong
106
watchdog
210
web scraping
37
WeChat
86
Weltliteratur
291–292
window dressing
231
World War II
46, 276
Xiaohongshu
105–108, 110–117
Zhongcao
106–107, 116