Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Ã-agonists

R.F. Wiykamp

Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Ã-agonists

In: Residues of Veterinary Drugs and Mycotoxins in Animal Products

Author:

R.F. Wiykamp

R.F. Wiykamp Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, Division Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80176, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by R.F. Wiykamp in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed

Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 113â123

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004684171_018

Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):

â¬42.00â¬35.00Â excl. VAT

Add to Cart

Redeem Access Token

Summary

This paper focuses on the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic aspects of Ã(2)adrenergic agonists, with special emphasis on their use in food-producing species. Therapeutic indications of Ã2-agonists in these animals are obstructive pulmonary disorders and tocolysis. However, several of them are illegally used as repartitioning agents. For this purpose, the dose is ten times higher than that used for therapeutic reasons. The mechanism of action of Ã2-agonists and some aspects of the relation between structure and activity are discussed. It is believed that the Ã-agonists which are currently the most frequently used as repartitioning agents (clenbuterol, salbutamol, mabuterol, mapenterol, bromobuterol etc.) principally act on muscle tissue. Lipolysis seems to be a secondary effect. However, there is important progress in the development of 63-agonists. These compounds more selectively stimulate 6-receptors present on brown adipose tissue, leading to lipolysis. Significant differences exist in the pharmacokinetic properties and biotransformation routes of Ã2-agonists. The compounds used as repartitioning agents possess a good oral bioavailability and a relatively long plasma-halflife. Conjugation with a sulphate is an important metabolic route for salbutamol, whereas the clenbuterol analogues are metabolized into several products, mainly resulting from side-chain cleavage and oxidation. The implications for human health of the use of Ã-agonists as repartitioning agents are not clear. Some cases have been described of consumers who developed signs of intoxication after eating meat (liver) contaminated with clenbuterol. Dose and withdrawal time are major determinants. In Europe, there is an considerable opposition from the side of the consumers. However, the development of more specific Ã2 and Ã3-agonists as repartitioning agents is continuing.

Citation Info

Save
Cite
Email this content

Share link with colleague or librarian

You can email a link to this page to a colleague or librarian:
Email this content
or copy the link directly:

https://brill.edhh.ma/abstract/book/9789004684171/B9789004684171_s018.xml
The link was not copied. Your current browser may not support copying via this button.

Link copied successfully

Collapse
Expand

Residues of Veterinary Drugs and Mycotoxins in Animal Products

New Methods for Risk Assessment and Quality Control

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004684171

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 01 Jan 1996

Subjects
- Life Sciences

Front Matter

Back Matter

Metrics

	All Time	Past 365 days	Past 30 Days
Abstract Views	19	19	1
Full Text Views	0	0	0
PDF Views & Downloads	0	0	0

African Studies	Education	Media Studies
American Studies	History	Middle East and Islamic Studies
Ancient Near East and Egypt	Human Rights and Humanitarian Law	Musicology
Art History	International Law	Philosophy
Asian Studies	International Relations	Religious Studies
Biblical Studies	Jewish Studies	Slavic and Eurasian Studies
Biology	Languages and Linguistics	Social Sciences
Book History and Cartography	Life Sciences	Theology and World Christianity
Classical Studies	Literature and Cultural Studies

Subjects

Authors

Open Access

Product Information

Company

Contact

Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Ã-agonists

Summary

Citation Info

Share link with colleague or librarian

Residues of Veterinary Drugs and Mycotoxins in Animal Products

New Methods for Risk Assessment and Quality Control

Table of Contents

Metrics

Metrics

Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Ã-agonists