18.1 William Hogarth, âCredulity, Superstition, and Fanaticism,â March 15, 1762 418
19.1 Matthew Hopkins, The Discovery of Witches (London: 1647), frontispiece 429
20.1 Eighth Appearance of the Devil to Christoph Haizmann in 1669, in âTrophaeum Mariano-Cellense,â early eighteenth-century manuscript copy, in Ãsterreichische Nationalbibliothek/Austrian National Library, Vienna, Cod. 14.086, fol. 5v 441
20.2 Tympanum, west portal, Abbey Church of St. Foy, Conques, France 443
20.3 Giotto di Bondone, Lucifer in Hell, devouring and excreting the damned, detail at lower right of Last Judgment, 1306, fresco, Scrovegni Chapel, Padua. Musei Civici e Biblioteche, Comune di Padova 445
20.4 Fra Angelico, Lucifer in Hell, devouring and excreting the damned, detail of Day of Judgment, 1435â40, painting on a poplar panel from a retable altar. Staatliche Museen Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, Nr. 60A 445
20.5 Hubert Gerhard, St. Michael Vanquishing Lucifer, bronze statue, 1588, on the façade of St. Michaelâs (Jesuit) church, Munich 446
20.6 Derick Baegert, Oath-taking in a Courtroom, panel painting, 1493â94 448
20.7 Mary Immaculate, stone statue of the market fountain, 1720, Volkach, Germany 449
20.8 The Limbourg Brothers, The Infernal Gridiron, circa 1416, in Les très riches heures du Duc de Berry, Bibliothèque et Archives du château de Chantilly ms. 65, fol. 108r. CNRS-IHRT 454
20.9 Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Fall of the Rebel Angels, 1562, oil on oak. Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, inv. 584 455
20.10 Jan Van Eyck, The Last Judgement, circa 1436/1438, oil on canvas. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Fletcher Fund 457
20.11 Bartolomé Bermejo, Saint Michael Triumphs over the Devil, 1468, oil and gold on wood. National Gallery, London, NG6553 458
20.12 Bartolomé Bermejo, Descent of Christ into Limbo, oil and gilding on wood, circa 1474/1479, Museu Nacional dâArt de Catalunya, Barcelona, no. 015872-000 461
20.13 Giacomo Palladino, known as Jacobus de Teramo, Belial shows his fellow devils the final verdict in a trial brought against Christ, colored woodcut, in Litigatio Christi cum Belial, translated into German, [s.l.], 1461, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München, Cgm 48, fol. 132r 463
20.14 Lucas Cranach, The Fall of Man, circa 1523, woodcut. British Museum, P 1927-0518-12 466
20.15 Master LCz, The Temptation of Christ, circa 1500/1505, engraving. Rosenwald Collection 469
20.16 Martin Schongauer, St. Anthony tormented by demons, engraving, circa 1470/1474. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Rogers Fund, 1920 472
20.17 Martin Schaffner, St. Anthony tempted by three devils in the shape of women, panel 3 of the Salem Altarpiece, 1517, oil on pine. Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe 473
20.18 The Church as Seven-Headed Beast, in the Jena Codex (late fifteenth century) 477
20.19 Cornelis Vermeulen, An impenitent heretic in Goa ⦠wearing the sanbenito called a samarra, etching, in Gabriel Dellon, Relation de lâinquisition de Goa (Paris: 1688), 6r 479
20.20 Matthias Gerung, The Worship of the Seven-Headed Monster, woodcut, in Series: Apocalypse and Satirical Allegories of the Church, 1544/1545. British Museum, 1911, 0708.140 481
20.21 Jan Ziarnko, Description and Depiction of the Witchesâ Sabbath, etching, in Pierre de Lancre, Tableau de lâinconstance des mauvais anges, second edition (Paris: 1613), following 118, Sp Coll Ferguson AI-x.50, plate 2 484
20.22 Erhard Schön, Devil Playing the Bagpipes, hand-colored woodcut, circa 1530. British Museum, E, 8.157 486