Annex 1 Research Participants and Their Background Information
| European Capital of Culture (ECOC) | |
|---|---|
| 1,425 respondents at 3 ECOCs female 68% male 32% |
Pécs on-site survey (n = 200) female 58%, male 42% Respondents living in the city: 64% Respondents living somewhere else in Hungary: 35% Respondents from abroad: 1% (from Austria and Germany) |
| Pécs online pilot survey (n = 532) female 72%, male 28% Respondents living in the city: 49% Respondents living somewhere else in Hungary: 49% Respondents from abroad: 2% (from Croatia, Germany, Romania, Slovakia, and the UK) |
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| Tallinn (n = 293) female 69%, male 31% Respondents living in the city: 72% Respondents living somewhere else in Estonia: 22% Respondents from abroad: 6% (from Australia, Finland, Germany, Lithuania, Russia, Spain, the Netherlands, the UK, and Ukraine) |
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| Turku (n = 400) female 67%, male 33% Respondents living in the city: 66% Respondents living somewhere else in Finland: 29% Respondents from abroad: 5% (from Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Spain, Sweden, and the UK) |
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Age of the respondents:
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Educational background of all respondents:
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| European Citizen Campus | |
|---|---|
| 15 interviewees female 73% male 27% 20 written texts |
11 interviewees at Roots laboratory, Strasbourg: 1 male, 10 female 4 interviewees at Home laboratory, Freiburg: 3 male, 1 female 9 thematic writings: 5 male, 4 female authors 11 motivation letters: 1 male, 8 female, 2 non-identifiable authors |
| Participants were studying in Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Portugal. | |
Age and educational background of participants:
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| European Heritage Label (EHL) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 271 interviewees at 11 EHL sites female 52% male 48% |
225 EU citizens, representing 19 EU nationalities: Austria (n = 16); Belgium (n = 33); Czech Republic (n = 1); Denmark (n = 3); Finland (n = 3); France (n = 35); Germany (n = 37); Greece (n = 2); Ireland (n = 2); Italy (n = 22); Luxembourg (n = 1); the Netherlands (n = 35); Poland (n = 9); Portugal (n = 1); Slovakia (n = 1); Spain (n = 1); Sweden (n = 2); the UK (n = 15) Interviewees with dual or triple nationality (n = 6): Austrian-Polish (n = 1); French-German (n = 1); Russian-French (n = 1); Dutch-American (n = 1); Dutch-Swedish (n = 1); Hungarian-British-German (n = 1) |
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| 46 interviewees from non-EU countries: Australia (n = 3); Canada (n = 8); Chile (n = 1); China (n = 1); India (n = 2); Japan (n = 2); New-Zealand (n = 1); Peru (n = 1); Russia (n = 1); Singapore (n = 2); South Korea (n = 1); Switzerland (n = 2); Ukraine (n = 2); USA (n = 19) |
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Age groups:
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| Group 1 age 18–25 (n = 50) |
Group 2 age 26–30 (n = 27) |
Group 3 age 31–35 (n = 21) |
Group 4 age 36–40 (n = 11) |
Group 5 age 41–45 (n = 8) |
Group 6 age 46–50 (n = 8) |
Group 7 age 51–55 (n = 22) |
| Group 8 age 56–60 (n = 21) |
Group 9 age 61–65 (n = 26) |
Group 10 age 66–70 (n = 27) |
Group 11 age 71–75 (n = 21) |
Group 12 age 76–80 (n = 9) |
Group 13 age 81–85 (n = 1) |
Group 14 age 85+ (n = 3) |
Educational background:
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Annex 2 European Capitals of Culture up to 2020
| 1985 | Athens | Greece |
| 1986 | Florence | Italy |
| 1987 | Amsterdam | Netherlands |
| 1988 | Berlin | West Germany |
| 1989 | Paris | France |
| 1990 | Glasgow | UK |
| 1991 | Dublin | Ireland |
| 1992 | Madrid | Spain |
| 1993 | Antwerp | Belgium |
| 1994 | Lisbon | Portugal |
| 1995 | Luxembourg | Luxembourg |
| 1996 | Copenhagen | Denmark |
| 1997 | Thessaloniki | Greece |
| 1998 | Stockholm | Sweden |
| 1999 | Weimar | Germany |
| 2000 | Avignon Bergen Bologna Brussels Helsinki Kraków Prague Reykjavík Santiago de Compostela |
France Norway Italy Belgium Finland Poland Czech Republic Iceland Spain |
| 2001 | Rotterdam Porto |
Netherlands Portugal |
| 2002 | Bruges Salamanca |
Belgium Spain |
| 2003 | Graz | Austria |
| 2004 | Genoa Lille |
Italy France |
| 2005 | Cork | Ireland |
| 2006 | Patras | Greece |
| 2007 | Sibiu Luxembourg |
Romania Luxembourg |
| 2008 | Liverpool Stavanger |
UK Norway |
| 2009 | Vilnius Linz |
Lithuania Austria |
| 2010 | Essen Istanbul Pécs |
Germany Turkey Hungary |
| 2011 | Turku Tallinn |
Finland Estonia |
| 2012 | Guimarães Maribor |
Portugal Slovenia |
| 2013 | Marseille Košice |
France Slovakia |
| 2014 | Riga Umeå |
Latvia Sweden |
| 2015 | Mons Plzeň |
Belgium Czech Republic |
| 2016 | San Sebastián Wrocław |
Spain Poland |
| 2017 | Aarhus Paphos |
Denmark Cyprus |
| 2018 | Leeuwarden Valletta |
Netherlands Malta |
| 2019 | Matera Plovdiv |
Italy Bulgaria |
| 2020 | Rijeka Galway |
Croatia Ireland |
Annex 3 Sites Awarded with the European Heritage Label by 2020 Including Codes Used in the Interview Data in Chapter 6
| 2013 | Archaeological Park Carnuntum (S2) Great Guild Hall (S6) Peace Palace Camp Westerbork (S3) |
Petronell-Carnuntum Tallinn Hooghalen The Hague |
Austria Estonia Netherlands Netherlands |
| 2014 | Heart of Ancient Athens Abbey of Cluny Archive of the Crown of Aragon Union of Lublin Münster and Osnabrück –Sites of the Peace of Westphalia (1648) General Library of the University of Coimbra The May, 3 1791 Constitution Hambach Castle (S7) Charter of Law of Abolition of the Death Penalty Student Residence Kaunas of 1919–1940 Franja Partisan Hospital Alcide de Gasperi House Museum (S1) Robert Schuman House (S10) Historic Gdańsk Shipyard (S8) Pan European Picnic Memorial Park |
Athens Cluny Barcelona Lublin Münster and Osnabrück Coimbra Warsaw Hambach Lisbon Madrid Kaunas Cerkno Pieve Tesino Scy-Chazelles Gdańsk Sopron |
Greece France Spain Poland Germany Portugal Poland Germany Portugal Spain Lithuania Slovenia Italy France Poland Hungary |
| 2015 | Neanderthal Prehistoric Site and Krapina Museum Olomouc Premyslid Castle and Archdiocesan Museum Sagres Promontory (S11) Imperial Palace Historic Ensemble of the University of Tartu Franz Liszt Academy of Music (S5) Mundaneum (S9) World War I Eastern Front Wartime Cemetery No. 123 European District of Strasbourg (S4) |
Hušnjakovo/Krapina Olomouc Sagres Vienna Tartu Budapest Mons Łużna – Pustki Strasbourg |
Croatia Czech Republic Portugal Austria Estonia Hungary Belgium Poland France |
| 2017 | Leipzig’s Musical Heritage Sites Dohány Street Synagogue Complex Fort Cadine Javorca Memorial Church and its cultural landscape Former Natzweiler concentration camp and its satellite camps Sighet Memorial Bois du Cazier Village of Schengen Maastricht Treaty |
Leipzig Budapest Trento Tolmin multiple Sighet Marcinelle Schengen Maastricht |
Germany Hungary Italy Slovenia France-Germany Romania Belgium Luxemboug Netherlands |
| 2019 | Archaeological Area of Ostia Antica Underwater Cultural Heritage of the Azores Colonies of Benevolence Living Heritage of Szentendre Kynžvart Castle – Place of diplomatic meetings Site of Remembrance in Łambinowice Zdravljica - the Message of the European Spring of Nations Werkbund Estates in Europe Chambon-sur-Lignon Memorial The Three Brothers |
Rome Azores Veenhuizen, Frederiksoord, Wilhelminaoord, Willemsoord, Ommerschans, Wortel, Merksplas Szentendre Lázně Kynžvart Łambinowice - Stuttgart, Wroclaw, Brno, Prague, Vienna Le Chambon-sur-Lignon Riga |
Italy Portugal Belgium, Netherlands Hungary Czech Republic Poland Slovenia Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria France Latvia |