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Constitutionalism Unbound
Constitutional Dynamics and Political Transformation in the Ottoman and Qajar Lands in the Long Nineteenth Century
Series:
Is democracy a foreign concept to the political culture of the Near East? This perennially debated question often overlooks a crucial historical factor: the rise of Ottoman and Qajar constitutionalism during the long nineteenth century. This volume is the first study to emphasize constitutionalism as a transformative force across Ottoman and Iranian lands. It investigates how new political ideas and social dynamics across the century shaped constitutionalism into a multifaceted and potent movement, culminating in the revolutions of 1906 and 1908. It traces how constitutionalism durably altered conceptions of state and society, leaving a significant legacy in both Iranian and (post-)Ottoman contexts.
Contributors are Houri Berberian, YaÅar Tolga Cora, Anne-Laure Dupont, Fujinami Nobuyoshi, Zaur Gasimov, Peter Hill, Denis Hermann, Erdal Kaynar, Varak Ketsemanian, Mira Xenia Schwerda, Alisa Schablovskaia, Nader Sohrabi and BarıŠZeren.
Contributors are Houri Berberian, YaÅar Tolga Cora, Anne-Laure Dupont, Fujinami Nobuyoshi, Zaur Gasimov, Peter Hill, Denis Hermann, Erdal Kaynar, Varak Ketsemanian, Mira Xenia Schwerda, Alisa Schablovskaia, Nader Sohrabi and BarıŠZeren.
Denis Hermann, Ph.D. (2007), is a historian and researcher at the CNRS (National Center for Scientific Research). Specializing in the history of Modern Iran and Shiâism, his publications include Le shaykhisme à la période qajare: Histoire doctrinale et sociale dâune Ãcole chiite (Brepols, 2017).
Erdal Kaynar, Ph.D. (2012), is associate professor in modern history at the University of Strasbourg. He works on the intellectual and political history of the late Ottoman Empire. His publications include Lâhéroïsme de la vie moderne. Ahmed Rıza en son temps (Peeters, 2021).
Erdal Kaynar, Ph.D. (2012), is associate professor in modern history at the University of Strasbourg. He works on the intellectual and political history of the late Ottoman Empire. His publications include Lâhéroïsme de la vie moderne. Ahmed Rıza en son temps (Peeters, 2021).
This excellent volume, revisiting late 19th century, early 20th century constitutional thought and constitutional advocacy in Iran, and to a lesser extent the Ottoman Empire, Egypt and Tunisia, deserves to be read and cited widely. It covers a range of topics that have only begun to receive academic attention, including the role of minorities in influencing majoritarian constitutional and political thought, the place of empire and suzerainty in molding the imagination of key political concepts, and the travel and dissemination of ideas across the Middle East. Chapters are based on a plethora of primary sources, while also being well embedded in relevant disciplinary debates. Every chapter is implicitly, some explicitly, comparative. Most chapters cite widely in several languages and draw on previously little-known empirical data to formulate novel arguments about the rich constitutional imagination of the region.
Professor Mirjam Künkler, IALS, London, and President of the Association for the Study of Persianate Societies (ASPS)
Professor Mirjam Künkler, IALS, London, and President of the Association for the Study of Persianate Societies (ASPS)
Contents
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Introduction: Constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Iran: Histories and Perspectives
âDenis Hermann and Erdal Kaynar
1 Who Can Participate in the ShÅ«rÄ? Non-Muslims in the First Parliaments of Tunisia, the Ottoman Empire and Iran, 1861â1911
âAnne-Laure Dupont
2 Khayr al-Din al-Tunisi and Arabic Constitutionalism
âPeter Hill
3 The Nation Against the Sultan: Constitutionalist Thought in the Writings of the Young Turk Leader Ahmed Rıza
âErdal Kaynar
4 Democracy by Petition: the Popular Committees and What Made the Iranian Constitutionalism Unique
âNader Sohrabi
5 Armenian Constitutionalism in the Late Ottoman Empire: the View from a Province
âVarak Ketsemanian
6 The Iranian Constitution in the Mirror of the Russian Azerbaijani Press
âZaur Gasimov
7 Progressive Conservatives? The Young Turk Lectures on Constitutional Law
âNobuyoshi Fujinami
8 Constitutionalism and the Political Ethos of the Last Qajars
âAlisa Shablovskaia
9 Constitutional Authority and Shiʿi Political Culture: the Mobilisation of Messianic Logic by the Ulama during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution
âDenis Hermann
10 From Trusting to Cunning: Shifting Relations between Armenian Political Figures and Ḥasan TaqÄ«zÄdeh during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution (1905â1911)
âHouri Berberian
11 Crafting the Image of Constitutionalism: the Phenomenon of Bast in Turn-of-the-Century Iran and the Visualization of Protest
âMira Xenia Schwerda
12 Coal Heaversâ Strike of 1910 in the Ottoman Capital: Labor Activism and Socialist Politics in the Second Constitutional Era
âYaÅar Tolga Cora
13 A Shift in Law-Making: Ottoman Constitutionalism Facing the Local in Rumelia
âBarıŠZeren
Index
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
Introduction: Constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire and Qajar Iran: Histories and Perspectives
âDenis Hermann and Erdal Kaynar
Part 1: Conceptualizing Constitutionalism: (Re-)Imagining Politics
1 Who Can Participate in the ShÅ«rÄ? Non-Muslims in the First Parliaments of Tunisia, the Ottoman Empire and Iran, 1861â1911
âAnne-Laure Dupont
2 Khayr al-Din al-Tunisi and Arabic Constitutionalism
âPeter Hill
3 The Nation Against the Sultan: Constitutionalist Thought in the Writings of the Young Turk Leader Ahmed Rıza
âErdal Kaynar
4 Democracy by Petition: the Popular Committees and What Made the Iranian Constitutionalism Unique
âNader Sohrabi
Part 2: Constructing Constitutionalism: Ideas, Actors, and Networks
5 Armenian Constitutionalism in the Late Ottoman Empire: the View from a Province
âVarak Ketsemanian
6 The Iranian Constitution in the Mirror of the Russian Azerbaijani Press
âZaur Gasimov
7 Progressive Conservatives? The Young Turk Lectures on Constitutional Law
âNobuyoshi Fujinami
8 Constitutionalism and the Political Ethos of the Last Qajars
âAlisa Shablovskaia
9 Constitutional Authority and Shiʿi Political Culture: the Mobilisation of Messianic Logic by the Ulama during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution
âDenis Hermann
Part 3: Enacting Constitutionalism: the Challenge of Constitutional Rule
10 From Trusting to Cunning: Shifting Relations between Armenian Political Figures and Ḥasan TaqÄ«zÄdeh during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution (1905â1911)
âHouri Berberian
11 Crafting the Image of Constitutionalism: the Phenomenon of Bast in Turn-of-the-Century Iran and the Visualization of Protest
âMira Xenia Schwerda
12 Coal Heaversâ Strike of 1910 in the Ottoman Capital: Labor Activism and Socialist Politics in the Second Constitutional Era
âYaÅar Tolga Cora
13 A Shift in Law-Making: Ottoman Constitutionalism Facing the Local in Rumelia
âBarıŠZeren
Index
This volume will appeal to scholars, students, and policy experts with interest in the Near East, Ottoman/Turkish and Qajar Studies, global political history, political theory, constitutional law, and democratic transformation.