Van Dyck’s Genoese Nobles

Two Portraits in Context

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The aristocratic portraits painted by Van Dyck in the Republic of Genoa during the 1620s have become famous as definitively charismatic images of a ruling elite, the Genoese nobility being constitutionally defined as the governing class of the state. From the earliest written accounts of them a generic, collective appeal has been ascribed to these prepotently glamorous images, glossing over the specific meanings which any individual image might express. This study of two principal portraits uses their contrasting significances to expound the tension between established and shifting ideas of nobility which informed the thinking and behaviour of the Genoese patriciate, and of which Van Dyck shows perceptive awareness.

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John Peacock BLitt (Oxford) was Reader in English at Southampton University where he is now Fellow Emeritus. He is the author of The Stage Designs of Inigo Jones. The European Context (Cambridge, 1995) and most recently of Picturing Courtiers and Nobles from Castiglione to Van Dyck (Routledge, 2021).
Acknowledgements
List of Illustrations
Abbreviations Used in the Notes

1 Introduction

2 Nobility in Genoa
 1 Maritime Enterprise and Metropolitan Government
 2 Nobility and Commerce: Practice and Theory
 3 Finance and Feudal Lordship
 4 Picturing Genoese Nobility

3 Expounding Elena Grimaldi
 1 A Regal Nobility
 2 Palace and Villa: Civility and Nature
 3 The Reciprocal Gaze: Theatre and Scene
 4 The Palatial Scrutiny
 5 The Look of the Villa
 6 Liberty and Loftiness
 7 The Nature of Nobility

4 The Prospect of Anton Giulio Brignole Sale
 1 The House of Brignole: Its Rise and Its Future
 2 Towards a Palazzo Brignole Sale?
 3 The Feudal Landscape
 4 Spanish Dominance: between Culture and Politics
 5 Formality and Informality
 6 Nobility, Lineage and savoir vivre
 7 Picturing Lineage: Past, Present, Future
 8 The Noble Man of Letters
 9 A Newer Kind of Nobility

5 New Identities: the Patrician between Courtier and Prince
 1 Nobility and the Courtier
 2 Castiglione ‘Genovese’?
 3 The Evolution of sprezzatura
 4 Mutations of sprezzatura
 5 Courtiers, Princely Rulers and the Republic of Genoa
 6 Courtiers and Nobles
 7 Sprezzatura for Academicians
 8 The sprezzatura of the Cavalier
 9 Chivalry, Culture and Politics
 10 The Idea of a Princely Oligarch

6 Afterword: Noble Potraiture as ‘History’
Bibliography
Index
Relevant to students, postgraduates and scholars working in art history and cultural history of the early modern period, and to libraries serving these fields of study. Keywords: Van Dyck, Elena Grimaldi, Brignole Sale, Paolina Adorno, Rubens, Genoese Republic, Andrea Doria, Tasso, Castiglione, Andrea Spinola, Ansaldo Cebà, Raffaele Soprani, Embriaco, Bellori, Agucchi, John Evelyn, Ambrogio Spinola, Decameron, Strada Nuova, Addormentati, villa, liberty, patrician, doge, academy, history painting, oligarchic republic, sprezzatura, affabilità, portraiture.
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