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Defeated Nation and Contested Womanhood
The Impact of the U.S. Occupation on the Reconstruction of National Identity in Postwar Japan
Series: - Gendering the Trans-Pacific World, Volume: 5
Author:
This book investigates the impact of the U.S. occupation of Japan on the discursive remaking of Japanese womanhood. While exploring historical dynamics of Japanese femininity, it focuses on the context of the occupation in which meanings of gender, sexuality, race, and social class became particularly fluid.
Drawing on insights from studies of gender, sexuality, race, and nation, Masako Endo considers how the occupation overtly sexualized and situationally or essentially racialized certain groups of people. She argues that they, by challenging traditional Japanese gender roles and sexual mores, shaped national discourses of Japanese womanhood and nationhood in occupied and post-occupation Japan.
Drawing on insights from studies of gender, sexuality, race, and nation, Masako Endo considers how the occupation overtly sexualized and situationally or essentially racialized certain groups of people. She argues that they, by challenging traditional Japanese gender roles and sexual mores, shaped national discourses of Japanese womanhood and nationhood in occupied and post-occupation Japan.
Masako Endo is a sociologist who received her Ph.D. from Binghamton University-State University of New York. Curently, she is a faculty member in the Department of Sociology at Drexel University.
Acknowledgements
List of Figures
A Note on Japanese Names
âIntroduction
â1âRethinking Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Class in the Occupation
â2âWomanhood and Nationhood
â3âDefeat and Female Sexuality
â4âGendered Work, Sexualized Work, and Emotional Work
â5âBeyond the Conceptualization of Panpan as the Symbol of the Occupation
â6âExploring Ambiguous Boundaries of Race and Sexuality
â7âThe Structure of This Book
1 The Making of Modern Japanese Womanhood
â1âJapan and âCivilizationâ
â2âCivilizing Japanese Women
â3âWars, Nationalism, and Women
â4âJapanese Women at War
â5âThe Virtuous Japanese Woman
2 Defense of Japanese Womanhood
â1ââSuddenâ Defeat
â2âPanic over the Occupation
â3âOperation âFloodwall of Chastityâ
â4âServing the Occupier
â5âThe Weakening State and the End of the RAA
3 Devious Women of the Occupation: Blurring Gender and Racial Lines
â1âPanpanâDevious Women of the Occupation
â2âHumanizing Panpan: Interviews with a Sex Worker
â3âWho Became Panpan?: Women from Diverse Backgrounds
â4âUnclear Boundaries between âGoodâ and âBadâ Women
â5âChallenging Womanhood and Nationhood
4 Sexualizing Japanese Womanhood
â1âGetting to Know America, Its Culture, and Its People
â2âThe Impact of Panpan on Occupied Japan
â3âSexualizing Japanese Women
â4âPanpan Culture and the Youth
â5ââPanpanizingâ Womanhood and Nationhood
5 Transgressing Boundaries: Interracial Intimacy and Racial Mixing
â1âStigma and Interracial Intimacy
â2âStigma and Mixed-Blood Children of the Occupation
â3âStigmatized Mothers and Racialized Children
â4âInterracial Romance as Cautionary Tales
â5âInternational Romance to Represent Exemplary Japanese Femininity
6 Reclaiming Japanese Femininity
â1âGrowing Nationalist Sentiment after Independence
â2âSearching Japanese Identity: Ideal and Reality
â3âThe Resurgence of Chastity Discourse
â4âOtoki and Post-Occupation Japanese Womanhood
âConclusion
Bibliography
Index
List of Figures
A Note on Japanese Names
âIntroduction
â1âRethinking Gender, Race, Sexuality, and Class in the Occupation
â2âWomanhood and Nationhood
â3âDefeat and Female Sexuality
â4âGendered Work, Sexualized Work, and Emotional Work
â5âBeyond the Conceptualization of Panpan as the Symbol of the Occupation
â6âExploring Ambiguous Boundaries of Race and Sexuality
â7âThe Structure of This Book
1 The Making of Modern Japanese Womanhood
â1âJapan and âCivilizationâ
â2âCivilizing Japanese Women
â3âWars, Nationalism, and Women
â4âJapanese Women at War
â5âThe Virtuous Japanese Woman
2 Defense of Japanese Womanhood
â1ââSuddenâ Defeat
â2âPanic over the Occupation
â3âOperation âFloodwall of Chastityâ
â4âServing the Occupier
â5âThe Weakening State and the End of the RAA
3 Devious Women of the Occupation: Blurring Gender and Racial Lines
â1âPanpanâDevious Women of the Occupation
â2âHumanizing Panpan: Interviews with a Sex Worker
â3âWho Became Panpan?: Women from Diverse Backgrounds
â4âUnclear Boundaries between âGoodâ and âBadâ Women
â5âChallenging Womanhood and Nationhood
4 Sexualizing Japanese Womanhood
â1âGetting to Know America, Its Culture, and Its People
â2âThe Impact of Panpan on Occupied Japan
â3âSexualizing Japanese Women
â4âPanpan Culture and the Youth
â5ââPanpanizingâ Womanhood and Nationhood
5 Transgressing Boundaries: Interracial Intimacy and Racial Mixing
â1âStigma and Interracial Intimacy
â2âStigma and Mixed-Blood Children of the Occupation
â3âStigmatized Mothers and Racialized Children
â4âInterracial Romance as Cautionary Tales
â5âInternational Romance to Represent Exemplary Japanese Femininity
6 Reclaiming Japanese Femininity
â1âGrowing Nationalist Sentiment after Independence
â2âSearching Japanese Identity: Ideal and Reality
â3âThe Resurgence of Chastity Discourse
â4âOtoki and Post-Occupation Japanese Womanhood
âConclusion
Bibliography
Index
This book is especially relevant for those interested in gender, sexuality, race, the U.S. occupation of Japan, Japanese history, and the aftermath of World War II.