Despite covering almost a third of the globe, forests do not enjoy the protection of a singular global legal convention. Instead, International Forest Law is a complex ecosystem in its own right. This book sets out to examine this complexity by analyzing forest-related Multilateral Environmental Agreements (MEAs) and how the decisions of the various corresponding Conferences of the Parties (COPs) may promote regime interaction in this field of law. Through an in-depth analysis of more than 60 decisions and resolutions of such COPs, Yilly Pacheco discusses how secondary law-making activity in forest-related MEAs may be strengthened and used to fill the gaps in International Forest Law.
Yilly Vanessa Pacheco Restrepo, Ph.D. (2021), University of Göttingen, is a senior researcher at that university at the Institute of International and European Law. She has published several articles on international environmental law, environmental governance, international forest law, and forest provisions in Preferential Trade Agreements.
Acknowledgments
List of Tables
Acronyms
Introduction
â1âContext
â2âRelevance, Research Questions, and Methodology
â3âStructure of the Book
1âGeneral Background
â1âThe Puzzle of International Law for Forest Protection
â1.1âHistorical Development of Global Forest Processes in a Nutshell
â1.2âNon-binding Direct Norms: Forests in the Context of the UN
â1.3âIndirect Binding-Norms: Forests in Environmental Treaty Law
â1.4âInterim Conclusions
â2âForest Law-Making Activity in meaâs
â2.1âThe Regulatory Function of the Conferences of the Parties: copâs as Lawmakers
â2.2âThe Concept of Secondary Law
â2.3âThe Question of the Legal Status of cop Decisions and Resolutions
â2.4âInterim Conclusions
â3âThe Need to Know How meaâs Have Addressed Conservation of Forests and Sustainable Forest Management: Interim Conclusions
2âRelevant International Treaty Law
â1âForests in Nature Conservation Treaties
â1.1âRamsar Convention
â1.2âConvention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage
â1.3âConvention on Biological Diversity
â2âForests in Trade and Environment Treaties
â2.1âcites
â3âForests in the Climate Change Regime
â3.1âunfccc
â3.2âKyoto Protocol
â3.3âThe Paris Agreement
â4âForest-Related meaâs as Framework Agreements: Interim Conclusions
3âSecondary International Forest Law: Forest Law Focused on Treaty Implementation and Operation
â1âSecondary Forest Law in the Ramsar Convention
â1.1âIntroduction
â1.2âRecommendations of the Ramsar cop
â1.3âRamsar cop Resolutions Related to Forests
â1.4âCooperation and Synergies
â1.5âInterim Conclusions
â2âSecondary Forest Law in the Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species cites
â2.1âIntroduction
â2.2âcop Resolutions on Trade of Timber and Plants Species
â2.3âcop Decisions
â2.4âTrees and Timber Species in the cites Appendices
â2.5âCooperation and Synergies with Other meaâs and Institutions
â2.6âInterim Conclusions
â3âSecondary Forest Law in the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Nature Heritage
â3.1âIntroduction
â3.2âKey Decisions and Resolutions on Implementation
â3.3âThe World Heritage Forest Program
â3.4âCooperation and Synergies with Other meaâs
â3.5âInterim Conclusions
â4âSecondary Forest Law in the Convention on Biological Diversity
â4.1âIntroduction
â4.2âDecisions on Forests Adopted by the cbd cop
â4.3âForest Special Programs
â4.4âCooperation and Synergies
â4.5âInterim Conclusions
â5âSecondary Forest Law in the Climate Change Regime
â5.1âIntroduction
â5.2âcop Decisions on redd+
â5.3âcop Decisions on Land Use, and Land-Use Change and Forestry (lulucf)
â5.4âDecisions on Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (lulucf) Adopted by the Conference of the Parties Serving as the Meeting to the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol (cmp)
â5.5âcop 26 and the Glasgow Climate Pact: Decision 1/cp.26, Decision 1/cmp.16, and Decision 1/cma.3
â5.6âCooperation with Other meaâs Relevant for Forest Protection: The Joint Liaison Group of the Rio Conventions
â5.7âInterim Conclusions
â6âConferences of the Parties to Multilateral Environmental Agreements as the Current International Forest Law-Makers: Interim Conclusions
4âOverall Assessment and Outlook
â1âReconsidering Fragmentation in ifl: From Fragmentation to Regime Interaction in ifl
â1.1âReconsidering Fragmentation
â1.2âApproaching Regime Interaction
â1.3âInterim Conclusions
â2âRedefining Conflict among International Forest Lawâs Secondary Instruments
â2.1âIncompatible Norms and Conflicting Obligations
â2.2âDiverging Objectives
â2.3âDifferent Principles
â2.4âOpposing Economic Incentives
â2.5âInterim Conclusions
â3âReassessing Functions of Secondary Law in ifl
â3.1âDefinition and Interpretation of Terms
â3.2âCompliance and Enforcement
â3.3âSetting Strategic Frameworks for the Future of the Treaties
â3.4âPartnerships and Synergies with Other meaâs and Institutions
â3.5âInterim Conclusions
â4âOutlook for International Forest Law: Re-thinking Regime Interaction in International Forest Law from cop Decisions and Resolutions of Forest-Related meaâs: Final Conclusions
References
Index
Specialists, scholars, and students in international environmental law and forest governance; forest policymakers, government delegations in Conferences of the Parties, and forest program managers and operators of Multilateral Environmental Agreements.