In this book, Beñat Elortza Larrea analyses the processes of polity consolidation and military transformation in Scandinavia between the early eleventh and early fourteenth centuries. Based on a plethora of administrative, legal, and narrative sources, this study examines the development of governance and warfare in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, and evaluates to which degree European ideas and institutions shaped the budding medieval Scandinavian realms.
In other words â did the formation of these kingdoms stem mostly from European influence, were they a by-product of a purely Scandinavian ethos, or did they largely develop due to historical and geographical circumstances unique to each realm
Beñat Elortza Larrea, Ph.D. (2018), University of Aberdeen, is Associate Professor at Nord University in Bodø, Norway. His research interests include the Scandinavian âstate formationâ processes, martial culture in the Middle Ages, and medieval aristocratic networks.
Acknowledgements
List of Figures and Tables
Abbreviations
1âIntroduction
â1.1âFrom State Formation to Polity Consolidation
â1.2âEuropeanisation and Cultural Transfer
â1.3âPrimary Sources
â1.4ââState Formationâ and Martial Culture in Historiography
â1.5âScandinavia between the 8th and the 11th Centuries
â1.5.1âThe Leiðangr: The Scandinavian Naval Levies
â1.5.2âWarfare and Martial Culture
2âKingship, Administration and Warfare in Western Europe, c.1000â1300
â2.1âThe 11th Century: The âBanal Revolutionâ and Decentralised Polities
â2.1.1âRoyal Power and Governance in the 11th Century
â2.1.2âMilitary Organisation and Warfare in the 11th Century
â2.1.3âMartial Attire in the 11th Century
â2.2âThe 12th Century: Internal Struggles and New Officials
â2.2.1âRoyal Power and Governance in the 12th Century
â2.2.2âMilitary Organisation and Warfare in the 12th Century
â2.2.3âMartial Attire in the 12th Century
â2.3âThe 13th Century: Increased Institutionalisation and Aristocratic Pressure
â2.3.1âRoyal Power and Governance in the 13th Century
â2.3.2âMilitary Organisation and Warfare in the 13th Century
â2.3.3âMartial Attire in the 13th Century
â2.4âConcluding Remarks
3âDenmark: From Scandinavian Domination to Dissolution
â3.1âFrom Knudâs Empire to Erik iiâs Coronation, c.1035â1130
â3.1.1âKingship and Royal Power in 11th-Century Denmark
â3.1.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 11th-Century Denmark
â3.1.3âMilitary Organisation in 11th-Century Denmark
â3.1.4âStrategy and Tactics in 11th-Century Denmark
â3.1.5âMartial Equipment in 11th-Century Denmark
â3.2âThe âCivil Warsâ and the Early Valdemarian Period, c.1130â1200
â3.2.1âKingship and Royal Power in 12th-Century Denmark
â3.2.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 12th-Century Denmark
â3.2.3âMilitary Organisation in 12th-Century Denmark
â3.2.4âStrategy and Tactics in 12th-Century Denmark
â3.2.5âMartial Equipment in 12th-Century Denmark
â3.3âEastern Expansion and Dissolution, c.1200â1320
â3.3.1âKingship and Royal Power in 13th-Century Denmark
â3.3.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances 13th-Century Denmark
â3.3.3âMilitary Organisation in 13th-Century Denmark
â3.3.4âStrategy and Tactics in 13th-Century Denmark
â3.3.5âMartial Equipment in 13th-Century Denmark
â3.4âConclusion
4âNorway: From Danish Overlordship to Atlantic Empire
â4.1âFrom Olav the Saint to the âCivil Warsâ, c.1035â1130
â4.1.1âKingship and Royal Power in 11th-Century Norway
â4.1.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 11th-Century Norway
â4.1.3âMilitary Organisation in 11th-Century Norway
â4.1.4âStrategy and Tactics in 11th-Century Norway
â4.1.5âMartial Equipment in 11th-Century Norway
â4.2âThe âCivil Warsâ and the Reign of Sverre Sigurdsson, c.1130â1200
â4.2.1âKingship and Royal Power in 12th-Century Norway
â4.2.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 12th-Century Norway
â4.2.3âMilitary Organisation in 12th-Century Norway
â4.2.4âStrategy and Tactics in 12th-Century Norway
â4.2.5âMartial Equipment in 12th-Century Norway
â4.3âConsolidation and Expansion, c.1200â1320
â4.3.1âKingship and Royal Power in 13th-Century Norway
â4.3.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 13th-Century Norway
â4.3.3âMilitary Organisation in 13th-Century Norway
â4.3.4âStrategy and Tactics in 13th-Century Norway
â4.3.5âMartial Equipment in 13th-Century Norway
â4.4âConclusion
5âSweden: Between East and West
â5.1âFragmentation and Paganism, c.1035â1130
â5.1.1âKingship and Royal Power in 11th-Century Sweden
â5.1.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 11th-Century Sweden
â5.1.3âMilitary Organisation in 11th-Century Sweden
â5.1.4âStrategy and Tactics in 11th-Century Sweden
â5.1.5âMartial Equipment in 11th-Century Sweden
â5.2âErik and Sverker: Struggles between Götaland Dynasties, c.1130â1200
â5.2.1âKingship and Royal Power in 12th-Century Sweden
â5.2.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 12th-Century Sweden
â5.2.3âMilitary Organisation in 12th-Century Sweden
â5.2.4âStrategy and Tactics in 12th-Century Sweden
â5.2.5âMartial Equipment in 12th-Century Sweden
â5.3âThe Consolidation of the Crown and Fraternal Wars, c.1200â1320
â5.3.1âKingship and Royal Power in 13th-Century Sweden
â5.3.2âRoyal and Aristocratic Finances in 13th-Century Sweden
â5.3.3âMilitary Organisation in 13th-Century Sweden
â5.3.4âStrategy and Tactics in 13th-Century Sweden
â5.3.5âMartial Equipment in 13th-Century Sweden
â5.4âConclusion
6âPolity Consolidation and Military Transformation in Scandinavia
â6.1âScandinavia and Europe: Polity Consolidation and Martial Culture
â6.2âThe Scandinavian Angle â Archaicness or Innovation?
â6.3âConcluding Remarks
Appendix
Bibliography
Index
Institutes, academics, and students focusing on medieval Scandinavian and/or military history; academics interested in medieval âstate formationâ and Europeanisation processes; students and anyone looking for comparative overviews of medieval Scandinavian history.