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in Polity Consolidation and Military Transformation in Medieval Scandinavia

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Beñat Elortza Larrea

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Dar Hadith al Hassania

Index

Abel, Danish king

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Absalon, Archbishop of Lund

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

Adam of Bremen

,

,

,

,

,

,

Adelsö

administration

central administration

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

regional administration

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Adolf iii, duke of Holstein

–

Agder

,

Agrarian Crisis

Akershus

,

Akershus, siege of

,

Alböke

Alexander iii, pope

,

Alexander Nevsky, Novgorodian ruler

,

Alfonso x, Castilian king

allmänningsöre

allodial peasantry

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Alsnö stadga

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

Alv Erlingsson, Norwegian jarl

,

–

,

Alvastra abbey

–

Anastasius iii, pope

,

Anders Sunesen, Archbishop of Lund

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

,

Annales 1208–1288

,

,

Annals of Ryd

,

Ansgar, missionary and saint

,

Anund Gårdske, Swedish king

–

,

,

Anund Jakob, Swedish king

,

,

Aranäs castle

,

arenga

,

,

,

aristocracy of service

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

aristocratic assemblies

,

,

,

,

Arkona

,

armiger

,

–

Arup, Erik

Asser, Archbishop of Lund

–

,

,

associative kingship

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

atgeir

Attundaland

attung

–

Audun Hugleiksson, Norwegian baron

,

Austmaðr, chieftain from Jämtland

authority

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

aristocratic authority

,

,

,

,

–

,

ecclesiastical authority

,

,

,

–

,

,

royal authority

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

auxilium et consilium

,

,

,

,

avrad

,

axes

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Axvall castle

,

Ágrip af Nóregskonungasǫgum

,

Bachrach, Bernard

Bachrach, David

Bagge, Sverre

,

,

,

,

Bagler

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

bailli

,

bailiff

,

Baldishol tapestry

,

Baldwin i, king of Jerusalem

Baltic crusades

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

banal lordship

–

,

,

,

–

Bannockburn, battle of

,

baron

,

,

,

,

Bartlett, Robert

–

,

Bastrup tower

baugr

Bayeux tapestry

Benedictines

,

benefices

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Bengt Birgersson, duke of Finland

,

–

Bergen

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Bergenhus

,

,

,

Big Ship from Bergen

,

Birger Bengtsson brosa, Swedish jarl

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Birger Jarl (Magnusson), Swedish aristocrat

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

Birger Magnusson, Swedish king

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Birka

,

,

,

,

–

Birkebeiner

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

bishops

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Bjarkøy-Gisle kin-group

Bjarkøyretten

,

Bjarmaland

Bjälboätten

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Black Death

Blekinge

,

–

,

blidhor

,

Blot-Sven, Swedish king

,

,

,

bo (estates)

,

–

,

,

boathouses

,

Bohuslän

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Bohus castle

–

bol

bona patrimonialia

,

,

,

,

,

,

bona regalia

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

bordsrätt

Borgarting law-district

,

Borgholm castle

Borgund

Bornholm

,

,

Bornhøved, battle of

,

–

,

Bouvines, battle of

,

,

Brabantines

–

,

,

Brégaint, David

Brémule, battle of

,

Bro church

Broddetorp altar

,

–

broadaxes

,

,

bryder

,

,

burghers

,

,

,

,

,

Burislev, Swedish claimant

,

,

Bylov

,

,

,

,

Byzantium

,

,

,

Canterbury

,

Capetian dynasty

–

,

Carcano, battle of

cargo ships

–

,

,

,

,

Carolingian Empire

,

,

,

,

,

,

castles

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

cavalry

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

Cecilia Sigurdsdatter, Norwegian aristocrat

chancellor

,

,

,

,

,

–

chancery

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

chapel-de-fer. See

kettle helmet

Christensen, Aksel E.

Christoffer i, Danish king

,

,

,

,

Christoffer ii, Danish king

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

Chronicle of Novgorod

,

,

,

–

Cistercians

,

–

,

,

co-rulership. See

shared kingship

coat of plates

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

cogs

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

cog lething

,

–

,

,

commutation fees (for military service)

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

compensation for neglect

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

composite bows

,

Concordat of Worms

Confoederatio cum principibus ecclesiasticis

,

Conrad iii, German king

consensus fidelium

,

Constantinople

Copenhagen

,

,

,

,

coronations

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Council of Ordainers

Courtrai, battle of

,

crossbow

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

crossbowmen

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

Crumlin-Pedersen, Ole

crusades

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

curtain walls

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

cutter (ship)

–

Dalaborg castle

Dalarna

,

Dalsland

Danehof

–

Danevirke

,

,

,

Dane axe

,

,

,

,

dapifer

,

,

Davies, Rees

demesne system

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Dominicans

donjon

,

,

,

drots

–

,

drängar

Duchy of Finland

,

Duchy of Jutland

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Duchy of Södermanland

,

,

dux

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Ebbe Sunesen, Danish aristocrat

edsöre

,

,

Edward i, English king

,

–

,

,

,

,

Edward ii, English king

,

Eider river

Einar Tambarskjelve, Norwegian magnate

Eirik i Bloodaxe, Norwegian king

Eirik ii Magnusson, Norwegian king

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Eirik Ivarsson, Archbishop of Nidaros

elite forces (of the leiðangr)

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Emund the Old, Swedish king

,

Engström, Johan

Erik i Ejegod, Danish king

–

,

–

,

Erik ii Emune, Danish king

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Erik ii of Schleswig, Danish aristocrat

Erik iii Lamb, Danish king

,

,

,

Erik iv Plovpenning, Danish king

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Erik v Klipping, Danish king

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Erik vi Menved, Danish king

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

Erik and Erik, Swedish co-kings

,

,

Erik Eriksson, Swedish king

–

,

,

,

,

Erik Jedvardsson, Swedish king

–

,

,

,

,

Erik Knutsson, Swedish king

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Erik Magnusson, Swedish duke

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

Eriks Sjællandske Lov

–

Erikska ätten

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

Erikskrönikan

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Erling Skakke, Norwegian aristocrat

,

,

,

,

,

,

Erling Steinvegg, Bagler king

Ersland, Geir Atle

,

,

Esbern Snare, Danish magnate

,

Esger Juul, Archbishop of Lund

,

Eskil, Archbishop of Lund

Eskilstuna

,

Estonia

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Ettak, battle of

,

,

,

,

–

Exchequer

exemptions from taxation

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

expeditio. See lething

external exploitation

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Fagrskinna

,

,

familia

,

,

,

Faroe Islands

,

fehirde

–

feudal law

feudal oath

–

feudal tenure

,

,

–

feudalism

fief

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Filip Halstensson, Swedish king

,

Filippus Simonsson, Bagler claimant

–

Fimreite, battle of

,

–

fines

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Finland

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Finland Proper

,

Fjädrundaland

flanking tower

,

Florvåg, battle of

,

–

,

fogde (Sweden)

,

fogderi

foged (Denmark)

Folkmar of Cologne

Folkungar, Swedish faction

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

fortifications

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

fortified residences

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

fortified churches. See kastal

fortified towns

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Fotevik, battle of

,

,

–

,

,

,

Fourth Lateran Council

,

Franciscans

Frederick i, German emperor

,

,

,

Frederick ii, German emperor and Sicilian king

,

Frisia

,

,

,

,

Frostating law-district

,

,

Frostatingsloven

,

,

–

,

,

,

frälse

–

,

,

,

Frösö runestone

fylke

,

,

,

,

,

,

Fyris river

fögderi

,

gambeson

,

,

–

,

,

Gamla Uppsala

–

,

,

,

geld

,

Gelting, Michael

gengärd

,

–

,

German merchants

–

Gesta Danorum

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum

,

,

–

,

,

,

Gestilren, battle of

,

,

,

,

,

,

gjafir

,

–

gjest, hirð rank

,

,

,

,

,

,

goðar

Gotland

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

Gotlandic picture stones

,

Gottorp

,

Grathe Heath, battle of

,

,

great helm

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

Greenland

Gregory vii, pope

,

,

Greifswald Bay, battle of

,

,

,

Gröneberg castle

Grötlingbo church

,

Gulating law-district

,

,

Gulatingsloven

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Gustav i Vasa, Swedish king

Guta lag

Guta saga

,

,

,

Guttorm, Swedish jarl

,

Guttorm Sigurdsson, Norwegian king

,

,

gælkere

,

gæsteri

gärder

gästning

,

,

,

,

,

Göta älv

,

,

,

,

,

,

Götaland

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

hafnæ

,

–

,

Hakoinen castle. See

Tavastehus

Halla church

–

Halland

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Halsten, Swedish king

,

Halvdan the Black, semi-legendary Norwegian king

Hamar

,

Hamburg

Hamburg-Bremen, archbishopric

,

,

Hammershus castle

hamna

Hanseatic League

,

,

,

–

,

har (administrative unit)

Harald i Fairhair, Norwegian king

,

,

Harald iii Hardråde, Norwegian king

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

Harald iii Hen, Danish king

,

Harald iv Gille, Norwegian king

,

,

–

,

,

Harald Bluetooth, Danish king

–

Harald Kesja, Danish claimant

,

Harald Maddadsson, Orcadian jarl

,

Hardeknud, Danish king

,

Harold Godwinson, English king

,

Hákonar saga Hákonarsonar

,

,

,

–

,

–

Hebridean expedition of 1262–63

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

Hebrides

,

–

,

,

,

,

Hedeby

,

,

,

,

Hedeby 1, warship

,

,

Heimskringla

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Heklungs

,

–

,

Helgeå, battle of

,

,

Helle, Knut

Helsingborg

Henrici Chronicon Livoniae

,

–

,

,

Henry, bishop of Uppsala

–

Henry i, English king

,

,

–

,

Henry i of Schwerin, German aristocrat

,

Henry ii, English king

,

Henry ii, Lord of Mecklenburg

Henry iii, English king

–

Henry iv, German king

–

,

,

Henry v, German king

Henry of Livonia

,

Henry the Lion, Saxon duke

,

,

Her Sten, Swedish aristocrat

Hermanson, Lars

herred

,

–

,

Herrevadsbro, battle of

,

hertig

,

–

hertigdöme

,

hertug

,

Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks

,

hirð

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

hirdmann

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Hirðskrá

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Historia de Antiquitate Regum Norwagiensium

,

Historia Ecclesiastica

,

Historia Norwegie

,

Hjelm

–

Hjørungavåg, battle of

,

,

hlýðni

Hohenstaufen dynasty

,

,

Holmengrå, battle of

,

Holmger Knutsson, Swedish claimant

Holmsen, Andreas

,

Holstein

–

,

Holy Land

,

,

Hordaland

,

Hova, battle of

,

hundare

,

,

Hunehals

husaby/huseby

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

Hvide kin-group, Danish aristocrats

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Hybel, Nils

hærræ mæn

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Hälsingelagen

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

Hälsingland

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

hämälaiset. See

Tavastians

Hämeenlinna

,

härad

,

hög (royal farm)

Håkan the Red, Swedish king

Håkon i the Good, Norwegian king

,

,

–

Håkon ii Herdebrei, Norwegian king

–

,

,

–

,

Håkon iii Sverresson, Norwegian king

,

–

,

Håkon iv Håkonsson, Norwegian king

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

Håkon v Magnusson, Norwegian king

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Håkon vi Magnusson, Norwegian king

Håkon Eiriksson, jarl of Lade

Håkon galinn, Birkebeiner jarl

–

,

Håkon Magnusson Torefostre, Norwegian claimant

,

Håkon Sigurdsson, jarl of Lade

Håkon the Young, Norwegian junior king

,

,

,

,

Håkonshallen

,

Hålogaland

,

,

,

håndfæstning

,

–

,

,

,

,

‘Håtuna games’

Iceland

,

,

Illerup Ådal

,

Imsen, Steinar

Inga of Varteig, Norwegian aristocrat

Inge i Krokrygg, Norwegian king

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

Inge ii Bårdsson, Norwegian king

–

,

Inge the Elder, Swedish king

,

,

,

–

,

Inge Magnusson, Bagler claimant

Inge the Younger, Swedish king

,

Ingebjørg Håkonsdatter, Swedish-Norwegian duchess

,

inne (tax)

Innocent iii, pope

,

,

Innocent iv, pope

interdict

,

internal exploitation

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

Investiture Controversy

Isegran

Island Beards

,

,

,

Isle of Man

,

,

itinerant kingship

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Jacob Erlandsen, Archbishop of Lund

,

,

Jakob Nielsen, Danish aristocrat

jarl

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

jarladöme

,

–

,

Jaromar ii, Rugian prince

,

–

,

–

javelins

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Jelling runestones

Jens Grand, Archbishop of Lund

,

,

Jews

Johan Brunkow, Swedish drots

,

Johan Sverkersson, Swedish king

–

,

–

,

,

,

John (Lackland), English king

,

,

,

,

Jomsborg

Jon Kuvlung

Jon Raude, Archbishop of Nidaros

Jón Viðar Sigurðsson

judicial protection

–

,

,

,

,

,

junior king. See

associative kingship

jurisdictional powers

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

justiciar

Jutland

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Jyske Krønike

,

,

–

,

,

Jyske Lov

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

Jämtland

,

Jølster

Jönköping

,

,

,

–

Jönköping, siege of

,

Kalmar castle

,

–

Kalmar Union

,

,

,

Kalundborg

Kalvskinnet, battle of

Kalvsund, battle of

,

Karelia

–

,

,

,

,

,

Karl Döve, Swedish jarl

–

Karl Haak, Swedish aristocrat

Karl Jónsson, Icelandic abbot

Karl Sunesson, jarl in Götaland

,

Karl Sverkersson, Swedish king

–

,

,

,

,

,

Karleby, battle of

,

,

,

,

kertisvein

,

,

,

,

kastal

–

,

,

Kattegat

,

kaupang

,

Kaupanger

kettle helmet

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

Kexholm

Kirkwall

knights

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Knud i the Great, Danish king

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

Knud ii the Saint, Danish king

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Knud iii, Danish king

,

–

,

,

,

,

Knud iv, Danish king

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Knud Lavard

,

,

,

,

Knud (Valdemarsen), Danish aristocrat

Knut Eriksson, Swedish king

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

Knut Håkonsson, Norwegian jarl

,

Knut Holmgersson Långe, Swedish king

,

,

,

,

,

knyaz

,

Knytling kin-group, Danish royal dynasty

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Kol, Swedish claimant

,

,

kongelev

Konghelle

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Kong Valdemars jordebog

,

,

,

konungstekja

Konungs skuggsjá

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Korssuden

Kristsuden

Kungälv. See

Konghelle

Kuvlungs

Lade jarls

,

,

–

,

Ladoga

lagting. See

provincial assemblies

lamellar armour

,

,

,

land valuation units

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

landbor. See

tenant farmers

landevern

Landfrieden

,

landskap

,

,

,

,

landskyld

,

,

Landslov

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Landskrona castle

–

,

lantwer

Largs, battle of

,

,

Latin Christendom

,

,

,

,

law of royal succession, 1163/4

–

,

law of royal succession, 1260

,

,

lawspeakers

,

,

,

Leal, battle of

,

,

leding. See lething

ledung. See leþunger

Legnano, battle of

leidang. See leiðangr

leiðangr

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

leiðangr taxation

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

legitimacy

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

len

,

Lena, battle of

,

,

,

,

,

lendmann

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

lensmann

lethang withe

–

,

lething

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

levied troops

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

Lewis chessmen

–

Lex Castrensis

,

,

,

,

,

,

leþunger

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

leþungslama

,

–

Libertas Ecclesiae

,

Libri Feudorum

lið

,

,

,

,

Lindisfarne

,

Lindkvist, Thomas

Line, Philip

,

,

,

Linköping

,

,

,

,

Lohede, battle of

London

,

loricati

Lothar iii, German emperor

Louis vi, French king

,

Lübeck

,

,

,

Lund

,

,

Archbishopric of Lund

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Lund, Niels

,

,

,

,

,

Lyndanisse, battle of

,

,

Lyrskov Heath, battle of

,

länherre

länsinhavare

länsmän

Lödöse

,

,

,

,

Löfqvist, Karl-Erik

Låke, battle of

,

,

Magna Carta

,

–

,

Magnus i the Good, Norwegian and Danish king

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

Magnus ii Haraldsson, Norwegian king

,

Magnus iii Barelegs, Norwegian king

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Magnus iv the Blind, Norwegian king

,

,

,

Magnus v Erlingsson, Norwegian king

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Magnus vi Lagabøte, Norwegian king

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

Magnus vii Eriksson, Norwegian and Swedish king

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Magnus Bengtsson, lawspeaker of Östergötland

Magnus Birgersson, Swedish king

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Magnus Birgersson, Swedish prince

,

,

Magnus Henriksen, Swedish king

–

,

,

–

,

Magnus Nielsen, Swedish king

,

,

–

,

–

,

mail armour

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

chausses

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

coifs

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

mittens

,

,

,

,

,

,

Malmros, Rikke

,

,

,

Malmö

manorial estates

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

mansus

Mariasuden

–

,

Margaret Sambiria, Danish queen

,

,

,

market place

–

,

,

,

markland

–

marscalcus

,

,

Matilda, Anglo-German empress

Mats Ketillmundsson, Swedish aristocrat

,

–

,

,

Medelpad

mercenaries

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

merchant ships

,

–

,

,

,

milites

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

ministeriales

,

,

,

minting

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Mjölkalånga, battle of

,

,

,

monasticism

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

Mora stenar

Morkinskinna

,

,

–

Mote klerkom

,

–

,

,

,

motte and bailey castles

,

,

,

Mühldorf, battle of

Munch, P.A.

Mälaren

,

,

,

,

,

,

Møre

nasal helmet

,

,

,

naval warfare

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

nefgiald

,

Nesjar, battle of

,

Neva River, battle of

,

Nidaros

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Archbishopric of Nidaros

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Nidelva

Niels, Danish king

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Niels (Valdemarsen), Danish aristocrat

Nielsen, Kay S.

Nikolas Arnesson, bishop of Oslo

Niså, battle of

–

,

,

Norðeyjar

,

,

Nordre älv

Northern Isles. See Norðeyjar

Norwegian crusade

,

Norwegian invasion of England

–

,

,

,

,

Novgorod

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Nydala abbey

Nykøbing (Sjælland)

Nyköping

,

,

Nyköping castle

,

,

Nyköpings gästabud

,

Nyköping, siege of (1309)

,

,

Nyköping, siege of (1318)

,

,

Næstved, Benedictine monastery

Næstved, battle of

,

Närke

Näs castle

–

,

Nörrköping

Odense

,

,

Olav i Tryggvason, Norwegian king

,

,

,

,

,

,

Olav ii Haraldsson, Norwegian king

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Olav iii Kyrre, Norwegian king

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Olav (iv), Norwegian king

,

,

Olavsuden

Olof Skötkonung, Swedish king

,

–

,

,

,

,

Oluf i Hunger, Danish king

,

Oluf (ii) Haraldsen, Danish claimant

,

Olustra, battle of

,

Opplandene

,

,

–

,

orbodemål

,

,

Orcadian jarls

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Orderic Vitalis, English monk

,

Orkney

,

–

,

,

,

Orning, Hans Jacob

,

,

,

Oslo

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Oslo, battles near (1200)

,

Oslo, battle of (1240)

,

–

,

Ottarr svarti, skald

Otto ii, German king

Otto iv, German king

,

Óláfsdrápa sænska

,

Papacy

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

parliaments

,

,

,

Passio Sancti Kanvti Regis et Martiris

,

Peder Bodilsen, Danish magnate

–

,

Peder Hoseøl, Danish aristocrat

Petersen, Jan

personnel carriers

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

Peter’s Pence

,

Philip ii Augustus, French king

–

,

,

Phillippus Birgersson, Swedish-Norwegian jarl

pitched battles

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

plough tax

plundering expeditions

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

polearms

,

,

,

Policraticus

Pomerania

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

Poppo. See

Folkmar of Cologne

Poulsen, Bjørn

prêvot

,

prince electors

private castles

,

,

–

,

,

,

provincial assemblies

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

Provisions of Oxford

–

,

public warfare

,

–

,

,

Quo warranto

,

qwærsæthæ

Radulf, Danish chancellor and bishop

Ragnhildsholmen

–

,

Ragnvald Knaphövde, Swedish king

,

Ragnvald Ulfsson, Swedish jarl

Ravn, Morten

,

regalia

,

,

regimen politicum

–

,

,

regimen regale

–

,

retainers

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

rethær lethingh

,

–

,

,

,

Reval. See

Tallinn

rex iustus

,

,

,

–

Ribe

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

Riber Ulf, Danish magnate

–

Richard i, English king

,

,

,

Rike, Danish royal chaplain

riksråd/rigsråd

,

,

,

,

,

Robert Curthose, Norman duke

Robert Guiscard, Apulian duke

Rock of Tønsberg

,

,

,

,

Rodén

Roma abbey

Rome, siege of

Roncaglia code

–

Roskilde

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Roskilde Chronicle

,

royal officials

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

royal saints

,

,

,

Rubin, Miri

Rügen

,

,

,

,

,

,

conquest of Rügen

,

–

,

runestones

,

–

,

–

Russian Primary Chronicle

,

Ræða gegn biskupum. See Mote klerkom

sacral kingship

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

saga criticism

Saint Margaret of Antioch

Salian dynasty

,

Samsø

sannendemand

Sarpsborg

,

,

Satakunta

Saxholm castle

Saxo Grammaticus

,

,

Saxony

,

,

Sámi

,

Schlei River

,

Schleswig, region

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

Schleswig, town

,

,

,

,

,

scutage

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Selja

,

shared kingship

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

Shetland

,

,

–

sheriff

,

shields

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

Sidon, siege of

,

,

sieges

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

siege engines

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Siete Partidas

Sigge Loke, Swedish aristocrat

Sigtuna

,

–

,

,

,

,

Sigurd i Jerusalem-farer, Norwegian king

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Sigurd ii Munn, Norwegian king

–

,

,

Sigurd Sigurdsson, Norwegian claimant

Sigurd Slembe, Norwegian claimant

,

Sigurd Sverresson Lavard, Norwegian aristocrat

Siltberg, Tryggve

Sjælland

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

Skaldic poetry

–

,

,

,

,

Skamstrup church

,

,

Skanör

Skara

,

,

,

,

skattland

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

skeppslag

,

–

skeppvist

,

,

Skien

,

skipreide

,

,

,

,

skipæn

,

,

–

skjaldborg

,

,

,

,

Skule Bårdsson, Norwegian jarl

,

–

,

–

,

Skuldelev 2, ship

,

,

,

Skuldelev 5, ship

skutilsvein

,

,

,

,

,

skyttar

Skänninge

,

Skåne

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Skånske Ledingsret

,

,

,

,

Skånske Lov

,

,

–

,

,

,

slaves

,

,

,

,

,

,

Småland

,

,

,

,

Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic chieftain

Sorø, Benedictine monastery

,

spangenhelm helmets

,

spannmal

,

Sparrsätra, battle of

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

spears

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

stabularius. See stallare

stallare

,

,

Stamford Bridge, battle of

,

,

standard-bearer

,

Statutes of Melfi

Statutum in favorem principum

,

Stavanger

,

,

steersman

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Stegeborg castle

,

,

,

Stegeborg, siege of

,

,

,

,

Steinborg

Stellau, battle of

stem dukes

–

,

Stenkil, Swedish king

,

Stephen of Blois, English king

stevneleidang

,

,

Stig Andersen Hvide, Danish aristocrat

Stiklestad, battle of

,

,

stipendiarii

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

Stirling, siege of

Stockholm

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Stor-Hälsingland

Stralsund, battle of

,

,

Strindfjorden, battle of

Strängnäs

,

,

stud (tax)

,

Sturla Þórðarson, Icelandic magnate

Suðreyjar

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

súð (ship)

–

,

Svealand

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

sveit

,

Svend i Forkbeard, Danish king

,

,

,

Svend ii Estridsen, Danish king

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Svend iii Grathe, Danish king

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

Svend, bishop of Roskilde

Svend, bishop of Aarhus

Svend Aggesen

,

,

Svendborg

,

svenner

,

Sverker the Elder, Swedish king

,

–

,

,

,

Sverker the Younger, Swedish king

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Sverkerska ätten

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

Sverre Sigurdsson, Norwegian king

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Sverresborg (Bergen)

,

,

,

Sverresborg (Nidaros)

Sverris saga

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

svínfylking

,

,

,

Svolder, battle of

,

,

,

,

,

Swedish Brothers’ War

,

,

,

,

,

Swedish ‘crusade’ against Finland

,

–

swords

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

sysler

,

,

–

,

sysselmann

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

Sættargjerden i Tunsberg

–

,

,

,

,

Säby monastery

Sørum kin-group

Söderköping

,

,

,

,

Södermanland

,

,

,

,

Södermannalagen

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

Södertälje

Tallinn

Tallinn, siege of

,

Tavastehus

,

–

Tavastians

,

,

taxation

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

extraordinary taxation

,

,

–

,

urban taxation

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

temporary shipborne structures

,

,

,

,

–

,

tenant farmers

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

territorial princes

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Theodoricus Monachus

Third Lateran Council

Third Swedish Crusade

Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury

,

Thurgotsønner, Danish kin-group

tithe

,

Tilly, Charles

Tinchebray, battle of

Tiohärad

,

Tiundaland

,

,

Tord Unge, Norwegian aristocrat

Tore Hund

Torpo church

Tostig Godwinson, English magnate

towers

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

towns

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

townspeople

,

,

–

,

,

Treaty of Perth

,

Trelleborg forts

,

,

Trondheim Fjord

–

,

–

,

tribute

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

Trøndelag

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

Tunsberghus

,

Turku castle

Tyrgils Knutsson, Swedish regent

,

,

,

Tønsberg

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

ubotamål

,

,

Ulf Fase, Swedish jarl

Ulfsborg

–

Ulsig, Erik

umbuthsmenn (Danish official)

universities

,

,

unpaid labour

,

,

,

Uppland

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Upplandslagen

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Uppsala

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

Archbishopric of Uppsala

,

–

,

,

Uppsala øþ

–

,

–

,

,

–

urbanisation

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Uttersberg

Valdemar i, Danish king

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

Valdemar ii, Danish king

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

Valdemar iii (v of Schleswig), Danish king

Valdemar iii of Schleswig, Danish aristocrat

,

,

,

Valdemar iv, Danish king

Valdemar iv of Schleswig, Danish aristocrat

Valdemar Birgersson, Swedish king

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

Valdemar Knudsen, Danish bishop

Valdemar Magnusson, Swedish duke

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

Valdemar the Young, Danish junior king

,

,

,

Valdemars Sjællandske Lov

–

Valerius, Archbishop of Uppsala

valslǫngur

,

,

Varangians

,

,

,

Varberg

Varnaðar-rœða. See Mote klerkom

Varnhem abbey

Vederloven. See Lex Castrensis

Vegetius, Roman author

Vendel Period

,

Vestlandet

,

,

Veøy

,

Viborg (Viipuri)

,

–

Viby abbey

Victual Brothers

Viken

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Viking Age

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Villads Jensen, Kurt

Visby

Visingsö

,

,

Vita Anskarii

Vordingborg

,

,

Vänern

,

väpnare

Värmland

,

,

Västergötland

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

–

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Västerås

,

,

,

Västgötalagen

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

Västmanland

,

,

,

Västmannalagen

,

Vättern

Växjö

Vågan

War of the Outlaws

,

,

,

wdgerds lething

–

,

,

Weibull, Lauritz and Curt

Welfs, German kin-group

Wendish crusade

,

Wends

,

,

,

,

,

,

wergeld

Werner Brunkow, Swedish aristocrat

Western Isles. See Suðreyjar

Wickham, Chris

,

William of Sabina, papal legate

Williams, Gareth

,

wooden fortifications

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

,

Yngre Västgötalagen

Ymseborg castle

Ælnoth of Canterbury

Æthelwulf of Wessex

Äldre Västgötalagen

,

,

,

,

,

Älgarås, battle of

,

,

Øm, Cistercian monastery

Øresund strait

,

,

Øreting

,

–

Østlandet

,

,

,

,

Øystein i Magnusson, Norwegian king

,

,

Øystein ii Haraldsson, Norwegian king

–

,

–

,

,

Øystein Erlendsson, Archbishop of Nidaros

,

Øystein Møyla, Birkebeiner claimant

,

Öckerö

–

Öland

Örebro

Öselians

Östergötland

,

,

,

–

,

,

,

–

,

–

,

,

,

,

–

,

,

Östgötalagen

,

,

Åhus castle

,

Ål church

,

Åland

,

Ångermanland

årmann

–

,

–

,

þinglið

þjónusta

Zitierungsangaben

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Polity Consolidation and Military Transformation in Medieval Scandinavia

A European Perspective, c.1035–1320

Reihe: The Northern World, Band: 94

Cover Polity Consolidation and Military Transformation in Medieval Scandinavia

ISBN:: 9789004543492

Verleger:: Brill

Print-Publikationsdatum:: 02 Mar 2023

Fachgebiete
- Geschichte
  - Geschichte des Mittelalters
  - Kriegsgeschichte
- Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaften
  - Skandinavisch & Baltisch

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