The Theory of Objectification: A Vygotskian Perspective on Knowing and Becoming in Mathematics Teaching and Learning presents a new educational theory in which learning is considered a cultural-historical collective process. The theory moves away from current conceptions of learning that focus on the construction or acquisition of conceptual contents. Its starting point is that schools do not produce only knowledge; they produce subjectivities too. As a result, learning is conceptualised as a process that is about knowing and becoming.
Drawing on the work of Vygotsky and Freire, the theory of objectification offers a perspective to transform classrooms into sites of communal life where students make the experience of an ethics of solidarity, responsibility, plurality, and inclusivity. It posits the goal of education in general, and mathematics education in particular, as a political, societal, historical, and cultural endeavour aimed at the dialectical creation of reflexive and ethical subjects who critically position themselves in historically and culturally constituted mathematical discourses and practices, and who ponder new possibilities of action and thinking. The book is of special interest to educators in general and mathematics educators in particular, as well as to graduate and undergraduate students.
Luis Radford is a full professor at Laurentian University in Canada. His research focuses on the teaching and learning of mathematics from a cultural-historical perspective, and education as a transformative societal process. He conducts classroom research with primary and high school teachers.
Preface
Figures and Tables
Introduction: The Ascent from the Abstract to the Concrete
1 Theories in Mathematics Education
â1 Outline
â2 A Classroom Episode
â3 Research Questions
â4 Method
â5 Theoretical Principles
â6 Piagetâs Genetic Epistemology
â7 From Method to Methodology
â8 Mathematics Education Theories: Two Short Examples
â9 The Theory of Objectification
2 An Overview of the Theory of Objectification
â1 Outline
â2 Introduction
â3 Theoretical Underpinnings of the Theory of Objectification
â4 Summing up and Looking Ahead
3 Knowledge and Knowing
â1 Outline
â2 Knowledge
â3 Knowing
â4 The Piggy Bank Example
â5 The Dialectic between Knowledge and Knowing
â6 Mathematics as an Entity at the Same Time Ideal, Sensible, and Material
â7 Synthesis
4 Learning
â1 Outline
â2 Learning as Participation in Social Practice
â3 Internalisation
â4 Processes of Objectification
â5 Some Meanings of Objectification
â6 Processes of Objectification
â7 Learning as Objectification
â8 Consciousness
â9 Teaching-Learning Activity
â10 Processes of Subjectification
â11 Synthesis
5 Processes of Objectification
â1 Outline
â2 The Investigation of Processes of Objectification
â3 Teaching-Learning Activity
â4 An Example of Investigation of Processes of Objectification
â5 Semiotic Means of Objectification
â6 Semiotic Nodes
â7 Semiotic Contraction
â8 Concept
â9 Synthesis
6 Embodiment
â1 Outline
â2 Introduction
â3 The Intertwining of the Senses and Culture
â4 Perception
â5 A Classroom Example
â6 The Poetry of Objectification
â7 Counting the Unseen
â8 Synthesis
7 Task Design: Or Configuring Teaching-Learning Activities
â1 Outline
â2 General Considerations
â3 The Motion of Tina, John, and the Dog
â4 Synthesis
8 The Cultural Nature of Mathematical Thinking
â1 Outline
â2 Introduction
â3 Boasâs Relativist Conception of Culture
â4 The Anthropological Venerable Conflict
â5 A Dialectical Materialist View of Culture
â6 Greek Mathematical Thinking Revisited
â7 Synthesis
9 Processes of Subjectification
â1 Outline
â2 The Question of the Subject
â3 Semiotic Systems of Cultural Signification
â4 Being, Becoming, and Subjectivity
â5 Solving Equations in a Grade 3 Classroom
â6 Synthesis