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Systematics of Root-knot Nematodes (Nematoda: Meloidogynidae)
Series: - Nematology Monographs and Perspectives, Volume: 14
Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne represent one of the most damaging and agricultural important group of plant-parasitic nematodes. These nematodes are obligate sedentary endoparasites infecting most species of higher plants and have a cosmopolitan distribution. Annual worldwide economic losses due to nematode infection of crops have been estimated at several hundred billion US dollars. This book is the first complete illustrated compendium of root-knot nematode species and contains 98 species descriptions with comprehensive diagnoses, information on biology, plant-hosts, pathogenicity, symptoms, distribution and biochemical and molecular diagnostics. It also includes introductions into morphology, biology, biogeography, genomics, phylogeny and host-parasite relationships of root-knot nematodes.
Sergei A. Subbotin, Ph.D. (1987), California Department of Food and Agriculture, USA, is Senior Nematologist at Plant Pest Diagnostic Center. He has published more than 190 articles, 22 book chapters and 4 books on different aspects of systematics of nematodes.
Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius, Ph.D. (2009), Spanish National Research Council, is a Research Scientist at Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Córdoba, Spain. He has worked as agricultural field manager, published more than 105 referred papers in plant-parasitic nematodes and four book chapters.
Pablo Castillo, Ph.D. (1988), Spanish National Research Council, is a Research Scientist at Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Córdoba, Spain. He has published two books on Pratylenchus (Brill, 2007) and Rotylenchus (Brill, 2005), and more than 200 referred papers in plant-parasitic nematodes.
Juan Emilio Palomares-Rius, Ph.D. (2009), Spanish National Research Council, is a Research Scientist at Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Córdoba, Spain. He has worked as agricultural field manager, published more than 105 referred papers in plant-parasitic nematodes and four book chapters.
Pablo Castillo, Ph.D. (1988), Spanish National Research Council, is a Research Scientist at Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Córdoba, Spain. He has published two books on Pratylenchus (Brill, 2007) and Rotylenchus (Brill, 2005), and more than 200 referred papers in plant-parasitic nematodes.
Preface
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1. Taxonomic history
Chapter 2. Diagnosis of the genus Meloidogyne
Chapter 3. Morphology
Female
Male
Second-stage juvenile
Egg
Measurements and indices for morphological identification
Chapter 4. Biology
Development and life cycle
Reproduction and cytogenetics
Chapter 5. Distribution of root-knot nematode species
Chapter 6. Host-parasite relationships
Symptoms of infection
Giant cell formation
Host races
Plant host range
Chapter 7. Pathogenicity and threshold damage
Chapter 8. Genomes
Nuclear genome
Mitochondrial genome
Chapter 9. Methods of biochemical and molecular diagnostics
Protein-based diagnostics
DNA-based diagnostics
Genes used for molecular diagnostics
PCR with specific primers
Real-time PCR
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA)
Chapter 10. Phylogenetic relationships
Phylogeny and molecular grouping of root-knot nematodes
Evolutionary relationships of Meloidogyne nataliei and M. indica with other root-knot nematodes
Evolutionary trends within the root-knot nematodes
Chapter 11. Polytomous key to the species of Meloidogyne
Stages and characters used for polytomous key
Morphometric and morphological characters used to distinguish Meloidogyne spp. in polytomous key
Chapter 12. Descriptions and diagnoses of Meloidogyne species
1. Meloidogyne exigua Göldi, 1887
2. Meloidogyne aberrans Tao, Xu, Yuan, Wang, Lin, Zhuo & Liao, 2017
3. Meloidogyne acronea Coetzee, 1956
4. Meloidogyne aegracyperi Eisenback, Holland, Schroeder, Thomas, Beacham, Hanson, Paes-Takahashi & Vieira, 2019
5. Meloidogyne africana Whitehead, 1960
6. Meloidogyne aquatilis Ebsary & Eveleigh, 1983
7. Meloidogyne arabidicida Lopez & Salazar, 1989
8. Meloidogyne ardenensis Santos, 1968
9. Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949
10. Meloidogyne artiellia Franklin, 1961
11. Meloidogyne baetica Castillo, Vovlas, Subbotin & Troccoli, 2003
12. Meloidogyne brevicauda Loos, 1953
13. Meloidogyne californiensis Abdel-Rahman & Maggenti, 1987
14. Meloidogyne camelliae Golden, 1979
15. Meloidogyne caraganae Shagalina, Ivanova & Krall, 1985
16. Meloidogyne carolinensis Eisenback, 1982
17. Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo & Finley, 1980
18. Meloidogyne chosenia Eroshenko & Lebedeva, 1992
19. Meloidogyne christiei Golden & Kaplan, 1986
20. Meloidogyne citri Zhang, Gao & Weng, 1990
21. Meloidogyne coffeicola Lordello & Zamith, 1960
22. Meloidogyne cruciani Garcia-Martinez, Taylor & Smart, 1982
23. Meloidogyne cynariensis Pham, 1990
24. Meloidogyne daklakensis Trinh, Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas & Nguyen, 2018
25. Meloidogyne donghaiensis Zheng, Lin & Zheng, 1990
26. Meloidogyne dunensis Palomares-Rius, Vovlas, Troccoli, Liebanas, Landa & Castillo, 2007
27. Meloidogyne duytsi Karssen, Aelst & Van der Putten, 1998
28. Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983
29. Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, 1968
30. Meloidogyne fallax Karssen, 1996
31. Meloidogyne fanzhiensis Chen, Peng & Zheng, 1990
32. Meloidogyne floridensis Handoo, Nyczepir, Esmenjaud, van der Beek, Castagnone-Sereno, Carta, Skantar & Higgins, 2004
33. Meloidogyne fujianensis Pan, 1985
34. Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birchfield, 1965
35. Meloidogyne graminis (Sledge & Golden, 1964) Whitehead, 1968
36. Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949
37. Meloidogyne haplanaria Eisenback, Bernard, Starr, Lee & Tomaszewski, 2003
38. Meloidogyne hispanica Hirschmann, 1986
39. Meloidogyne ichinohei Araki, 1992
40. Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949
41. Meloidogyne indica Whitehead, 1968
42. Meloidogyne inornata Lordello, 1956
43. Meloidogyne izalcoensis Carneiro, Almeida, Gomes & Hernandez, 2005
44. Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949
45. Meloidogyne jianyangensis Baojun, Hu, Chen & Zhu, 1990
46. Meloidogyne jinanensis Zhang & Su, 1986
47. Meloidogyne kikuyensis De Grisse, 1961
48. Meloidogyne konaensis Eisenback, Bernard & Schmitt, 1994
49. Meloidogyne kongi Yang, Wang & Feng, 1988
50. Meloidogyne kralli Jepson, 1983
51. Meloidogyne lopezi Humphreys-Pereira, Flores-Chaves, Gomez, Salazar, Gomez-Alpízar & Elling, 2014
52. Meloidogyne luci Carneiro, Correa, Almeida, Gomes, Mohammad Deimi, Castagnone-Sereno & Karssen, 2014
53. Meloidogyne lusitanica Abrantes & Santos, 1991
54. Meloidogyne mali Itoh, Ohshima & Ichinohe, 1969
55. Meloidogyne maritima Jepson, 1987
56. Meloidogyne marylandi Jepson & Golden, in Jepson 1987
57. Meloidogyne megadora Whitehead, 1968
58. Meloidogyne megatyla Baldwin & Sasser, 1979
59. Meloidogyne mersa Siddiqi & Booth, 1991
60. Meloidogyne microcephala Cliff & Hirschmann, 1984
61. Meloidogyne microtyla Mulvey, Townshend & Potter, 1975
62. Meloidogyne mingnanica Zhang, 1993
63. Meloidogyne minor Karssen, Bolk, van Aelst, van den Beld, Kox, Korthals, Molendijk, Zijlstra, van Hoof & Cook, 2004
64. Meloidogyne moensi Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas, Nguyen & Trinh, 2019
65. Meloidogyne morocciensis Rammah & Hirschmann, 1990
66. Meloidogyne naasi Franklin, 1965
67. Meloidogyne nataliei Golden, Rose & Bird, 1981
68. Meloidogyne oleae Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Rapoport, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2018
69. Meloidogyne oryzae Maas, Sanders & Dede, 1978
70. Meloidogyne ottersoni (Thorne, 1969) Franklin, 1971
71. Meloidogyne ovalis Riffle, 1963
72. Meloidogyne panyuensis Liao, Yang, Feng, & Karssen, 2005
73. Meloidogyne paranaensis Carneiro, Carneiro, Abrantes, Santos & Almeida, 1996
74. Meloidogyne partityla Kleynhans, 1986
75. Meloidogyne petuniae Charchar, Eisenback & Hirschmann, 1999
76. Meloidogyne phaseoli Charchar, Eisenback, Charchar & Boiteux, 2008
77. Meloidogyne pini Eisenback, Yang & Hartman, 1985
78. Meloidogyne piperi Sahoo, Ganguly & Eapen, 2000
79. Meloidogyne pisi Charchar, Eisenback, Charchar & Boiteux, 2008
80. Meloidogyne platani Hirschmann, 1982
81. Meloidogyne propora Spaull, 1977
82. Meloidogyne querciana Golden, 1979
83. Meloidogyne salasi López, 1984
84. Meloidogyne sasseri Handoo, Huettel & Golden, 1993
85. Meloidogyne sewelli Mulvey & Anderson, 1980
86. Meloidogyne silvestris Castillo, Vovlas, Troccoli, Liébanas, Palomares-Rius & Landa, 2009
87. Meloidogyne sinensis Zhang, 1983
88. Meloidogyne spartelensis Ali, Tavoillot, Mateille, Chapuis, Besnard, El-Bakkali, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2015
89. Meloidogyne spartinae (Rau & Fassuliotis, 1965) Whitehead, 1968
90. Meloidogyne subartica Bernard, 1981
91. Meloidogyne suginamiensis Toida & Yaegashi, 1984
92. Meloidogyne tadshikistanica Kirjanova & Ivanova, 1965
93. Meloidogyne thailandica Handoo, Skantar, Carta & Erbe, 2005
94. Meloidogyne trifoliophila Bernard & Eisenback, 1997
95. Meloidogyne triticoryzae Gaur, Saha & Khan, 1993
96. Meloidogyne turkestanica Shagalina, Ivanova & Krall, 1985
97. Meloidogyne vandervegtei Kleynhans, 1988
References
Index of nematode Latin names
Index of plant Latin names
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1. Taxonomic history
Chapter 2. Diagnosis of the genus Meloidogyne
Chapter 3. Morphology
Female
Male
Second-stage juvenile
Egg
Measurements and indices for morphological identification
Chapter 4. Biology
Development and life cycle
Reproduction and cytogenetics
Chapter 5. Distribution of root-knot nematode species
Chapter 6. Host-parasite relationships
Symptoms of infection
Giant cell formation
Host races
Plant host range
Chapter 7. Pathogenicity and threshold damage
Chapter 8. Genomes
Nuclear genome
Mitochondrial genome
Chapter 9. Methods of biochemical and molecular diagnostics
Protein-based diagnostics
DNA-based diagnostics
Genes used for molecular diagnostics
PCR with specific primers
Real-time PCR
Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA)
Chapter 10. Phylogenetic relationships
Phylogeny and molecular grouping of root-knot nematodes
Evolutionary relationships of Meloidogyne nataliei and M. indica with other root-knot nematodes
Evolutionary trends within the root-knot nematodes
Chapter 11. Polytomous key to the species of Meloidogyne
Stages and characters used for polytomous key
Morphometric and morphological characters used to distinguish Meloidogyne spp. in polytomous key
Chapter 12. Descriptions and diagnoses of Meloidogyne species
1. Meloidogyne exigua Göldi, 1887
2. Meloidogyne aberrans Tao, Xu, Yuan, Wang, Lin, Zhuo & Liao, 2017
3. Meloidogyne acronea Coetzee, 1956
4. Meloidogyne aegracyperi Eisenback, Holland, Schroeder, Thomas, Beacham, Hanson, Paes-Takahashi & Vieira, 2019
5. Meloidogyne africana Whitehead, 1960
6. Meloidogyne aquatilis Ebsary & Eveleigh, 1983
7. Meloidogyne arabidicida Lopez & Salazar, 1989
8. Meloidogyne ardenensis Santos, 1968
9. Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal, 1889) Chitwood, 1949
10. Meloidogyne artiellia Franklin, 1961
11. Meloidogyne baetica Castillo, Vovlas, Subbotin & Troccoli, 2003
12. Meloidogyne brevicauda Loos, 1953
13. Meloidogyne californiensis Abdel-Rahman & Maggenti, 1987
14. Meloidogyne camelliae Golden, 1979
15. Meloidogyne caraganae Shagalina, Ivanova & Krall, 1985
16. Meloidogyne carolinensis Eisenback, 1982
17. Meloidogyne chitwoodi Golden, O'Bannon, Santo & Finley, 1980
18. Meloidogyne chosenia Eroshenko & Lebedeva, 1992
19. Meloidogyne christiei Golden & Kaplan, 1986
20. Meloidogyne citri Zhang, Gao & Weng, 1990
21. Meloidogyne coffeicola Lordello & Zamith, 1960
22. Meloidogyne cruciani Garcia-Martinez, Taylor & Smart, 1982
23. Meloidogyne cynariensis Pham, 1990
24. Meloidogyne daklakensis Trinh, Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas & Nguyen, 2018
25. Meloidogyne donghaiensis Zheng, Lin & Zheng, 1990
26. Meloidogyne dunensis Palomares-Rius, Vovlas, Troccoli, Liebanas, Landa & Castillo, 2007
27. Meloidogyne duytsi Karssen, Aelst & Van der Putten, 1998
28. Meloidogyne enterolobii Yang & Eisenback, 1983
29. Meloidogyne ethiopica Whitehead, 1968
30. Meloidogyne fallax Karssen, 1996
31. Meloidogyne fanzhiensis Chen, Peng & Zheng, 1990
32. Meloidogyne floridensis Handoo, Nyczepir, Esmenjaud, van der Beek, Castagnone-Sereno, Carta, Skantar & Higgins, 2004
33. Meloidogyne fujianensis Pan, 1985
34. Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birchfield, 1965
35. Meloidogyne graminis (Sledge & Golden, 1964) Whitehead, 1968
36. Meloidogyne hapla Chitwood, 1949
37. Meloidogyne haplanaria Eisenback, Bernard, Starr, Lee & Tomaszewski, 2003
38. Meloidogyne hispanica Hirschmann, 1986
39. Meloidogyne ichinohei Araki, 1992
40. Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949
41. Meloidogyne indica Whitehead, 1968
42. Meloidogyne inornata Lordello, 1956
43. Meloidogyne izalcoensis Carneiro, Almeida, Gomes & Hernandez, 2005
44. Meloidogyne javanica (Treub, 1885) Chitwood, 1949
45. Meloidogyne jianyangensis Baojun, Hu, Chen & Zhu, 1990
46. Meloidogyne jinanensis Zhang & Su, 1986
47. Meloidogyne kikuyensis De Grisse, 1961
48. Meloidogyne konaensis Eisenback, Bernard & Schmitt, 1994
49. Meloidogyne kongi Yang, Wang & Feng, 1988
50. Meloidogyne kralli Jepson, 1983
51. Meloidogyne lopezi Humphreys-Pereira, Flores-Chaves, Gomez, Salazar, Gomez-Alpízar & Elling, 2014
52. Meloidogyne luci Carneiro, Correa, Almeida, Gomes, Mohammad Deimi, Castagnone-Sereno & Karssen, 2014
53. Meloidogyne lusitanica Abrantes & Santos, 1991
54. Meloidogyne mali Itoh, Ohshima & Ichinohe, 1969
55. Meloidogyne maritima Jepson, 1987
56. Meloidogyne marylandi Jepson & Golden, in Jepson 1987
57. Meloidogyne megadora Whitehead, 1968
58. Meloidogyne megatyla Baldwin & Sasser, 1979
59. Meloidogyne mersa Siddiqi & Booth, 1991
60. Meloidogyne microcephala Cliff & Hirschmann, 1984
61. Meloidogyne microtyla Mulvey, Townshend & Potter, 1975
62. Meloidogyne mingnanica Zhang, 1993
63. Meloidogyne minor Karssen, Bolk, van Aelst, van den Beld, Kox, Korthals, Molendijk, Zijlstra, van Hoof & Cook, 2004
64. Meloidogyne moensi Le, Nguyen, Nguyen, Liebanas, Nguyen & Trinh, 2019
65. Meloidogyne morocciensis Rammah & Hirschmann, 1990
66. Meloidogyne naasi Franklin, 1965
67. Meloidogyne nataliei Golden, Rose & Bird, 1981
68. Meloidogyne oleae Archidona-Yuste, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Rapoport, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2018
69. Meloidogyne oryzae Maas, Sanders & Dede, 1978
70. Meloidogyne ottersoni (Thorne, 1969) Franklin, 1971
71. Meloidogyne ovalis Riffle, 1963
72. Meloidogyne panyuensis Liao, Yang, Feng, & Karssen, 2005
73. Meloidogyne paranaensis Carneiro, Carneiro, Abrantes, Santos & Almeida, 1996
74. Meloidogyne partityla Kleynhans, 1986
75. Meloidogyne petuniae Charchar, Eisenback & Hirschmann, 1999
76. Meloidogyne phaseoli Charchar, Eisenback, Charchar & Boiteux, 2008
77. Meloidogyne pini Eisenback, Yang & Hartman, 1985
78. Meloidogyne piperi Sahoo, Ganguly & Eapen, 2000
79. Meloidogyne pisi Charchar, Eisenback, Charchar & Boiteux, 2008
80. Meloidogyne platani Hirschmann, 1982
81. Meloidogyne propora Spaull, 1977
82. Meloidogyne querciana Golden, 1979
83. Meloidogyne salasi López, 1984
84. Meloidogyne sasseri Handoo, Huettel & Golden, 1993
85. Meloidogyne sewelli Mulvey & Anderson, 1980
86. Meloidogyne silvestris Castillo, Vovlas, Troccoli, Liébanas, Palomares-Rius & Landa, 2009
87. Meloidogyne sinensis Zhang, 1983
88. Meloidogyne spartelensis Ali, Tavoillot, Mateille, Chapuis, Besnard, El-Bakkali, Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, Liébanas, Castillo & Palomares-Rius, 2015
89. Meloidogyne spartinae (Rau & Fassuliotis, 1965) Whitehead, 1968
90. Meloidogyne subartica Bernard, 1981
91. Meloidogyne suginamiensis Toida & Yaegashi, 1984
92. Meloidogyne tadshikistanica Kirjanova & Ivanova, 1965
93. Meloidogyne thailandica Handoo, Skantar, Carta & Erbe, 2005
94. Meloidogyne trifoliophila Bernard & Eisenback, 1997
95. Meloidogyne triticoryzae Gaur, Saha & Khan, 1993
96. Meloidogyne turkestanica Shagalina, Ivanova & Krall, 1985
97. Meloidogyne vandervegtei Kleynhans, 1988
References
Index of nematode Latin names
Index of plant Latin names
For specialists and students interested in plant nematology, plant pathology and plant protection.