Alatas Syed Farid, Alternative Discourses in Asian Social Sciences: Responses to Eurocentrism (Delhi: Sage Publ., 2006).

AlatasSyed Farid, Alternative Discourses in Asian Social Sciences: Responses to Eurocentrism (Delhi: Sage Publ., 2006).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Andaya Barbara, The Flaming Womb: Repositioning Women in Early Modern Southeast Asia (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2006).

AndayaBarbara, The Flaming Womb: Repositioning Women in Early Modern Southeast Asia (Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2006).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Asad Talal, Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1993).

AsadTalal, Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1993).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Bacierra Benjamin, , “Religious Experience in Palo Lenten Observances,” in: Mercado Leonardo N. (ed.), Filipino Religious Psychology (Tacloban City: Divine World University Publ., 1988), 76–81.

BacierraBenjamin, “Religious Experience in Palo Lenten Observances,” in: MercadoLeonardo N. (ed.), Filipino Religious Psychology (Tacloban City: Divine World University Publ., 1988), 76–81.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Baird Robert D., Category Formation and the History of Religions (The Hague: Mouton, 1971).

BairdRobert D., Category Formation and the History of Religions (The Hague: Mouton, 1971).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Barker Nicholas H., , “Religious Self-Mortification in Southeast Asia,” in: Gin Ooi Keat (ed.), Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, 2004), 1139–1141.

BarkerNicholas H., “Religious Self-Mortification in Southeast Asia,” in: Gin OoiKeat (ed.), Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, 2004), 1139–1141.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— “The Revival of Religious Self-Flagellation and the Birth of Crucifixion in Lowland Christian Philippines,” Discussion Paper no. 63. Nagoya-University (Nagoya University: Graduate School of International Development, 1998).

——— “The Revival of Religious Self-Flagellation and the Birth of Crucifixion in Lowland Christian Philippines,” Discussion Paper no. 63. Nagoya-University (Nagoya University: Graduate School of International Development, 1998).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Barrion Caridad M., Religious Life of the Laity in Eighteenth-Century Philippines as Reflected in the Decrees of the Council of Manila of 1771 and the Synod of Calasiao of 1773 (Ph.D. dissertation, Manila: University of Santo Tomas, 1960).

BarrionCaridad M., Religious Life of the Laity in Eighteenth-Century Philippines as Reflected in the Decrees of the Council of Manila of 1771 and the Synod of Calasiao of 1773 (Ph.D. dissertation, Manila: University of Santo Tomas, 1960).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Behringer Wolfgang, Shaman of Oberstorf: Chonrad Stoeckhlin and the Phantoms of the Night (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998).

BehringerWolfgang, Shaman of Oberstorf: Chonrad Stoeckhlin and the Phantoms of the Night (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1998).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Benavides Gustavo, , “Modernity,” in: Taylor Mark C. (ed.), Critical Terms for Religious Studies (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1998), 186–204.

BenavidesGustavo, “Modernity,” in: TaylorMark C. (ed.), Critical Terms for Religious Studies (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1998), 186–204.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— “Western Religion and the Self-Canceling of Modernity,” Journal of Religion in Europe, 1 (2008), 85–115.

——— “Western Religion and the Self-Canceling of Modernity,” Journal of Religion in Europe, 1 (2008), 85–115.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Bhabha Homi K., The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994).

BhabhaHomi K., The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Bräunlein Peter J., , “Image Transmissions as Image Acts: Christian Images, Emotions and Religious Conversion in the Philippines,” in: Mersmann Birgit, and Schneider Alexandra (eds.), Image Transmission: Visual Translation and Cultural Agency (Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press 2009), 11–37.

BräunleinPeter J., “Image Transmissions as Image Acts: Christian Images, Emotions and Religious Conversion in the Philippines,” in: MersmannBirgit and SchneiderAlexandra (eds.), Image Transmission: Visual Translation and Cultural Agency (Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press2009), 11–37.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— “Negotiating Charisma: The Social Dimension of Philippine Crucifixion Rituals,” Asian Journal of Social Science, 37.6 (2009) 892–917.

——— “Negotiating Charisma: The Social Dimension of Philippine Crucifixion Rituals,” Asian Journal of Social Science, 37.6 (2009) 892–917.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— Passion/Pasyon: Rituale des Schmerzes im europäischen und philippinischen Christentum (Munich: Wilhelm Fink, 2010).

——— Passion/Pasyon: Rituale des Schmerzes im europäischen und philippinischen Christentum (Munich: Wilhelm Fink, 2010).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Bulatao Jaime C., , “The New Mysticism in the Philippine Church,” in: Bulatao Jaime C. (ed.),Phenomena and Their Interpretation: Landmark Essays 1957–1989 (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1992 [1981]), 54–62.

BulataoJaime C., “The New Mysticism in the Philippine Church,” in: BulataoJaime C. (ed.),Phenomena and Their Interpretation: Landmark Essays 1957–1989 (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1992 [1981]), 54–62.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Cannell Fenella, , “The Power of Appearances: Beauty, Mimicry and Transformation in Bicol,” in: Rafael Vicente L. (ed.), Discrepant Histories: Translocal Essays on Filipino Cultures (Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press, 1995), 223–258.

CannellFenella, “The Power of Appearances: Beauty, Mimicry and Transformation in Bicol,” in: RafaelVicente L. (ed.), Discrepant Histories: Translocal Essays on Filipino Cultures (Philadelphia: Temple Univ. Press, 1995), 223–258.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— Power and Intimacy in the Christian Philippines (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001).

——— Power and Intimacy in the Christian Philippines (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2001).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— “Introduction: The Anthropology of Christianity,” in: Fenella Cannell (ed.), The Anthropology of Christianity, (Durham: Duke University Press, 2006), 1–50.

——— “Introduction: The Anthropology of Christianity,” in: FenellaCannell (ed.), The Anthropology of Christianity, (Durham: Duke University Press, 2006), 1–50.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Centeno Dave De Guzman, “Celebrification in the Philippines: Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Endorsersʼ Parasociability and the Publicʼs Voting Behavior,” Social Science Diliman, 6.1 (2010), 66–85, accessed 2 March 2011, http://journals.upd.edu.ph/index.php/socialsciencediliman/article/view/1979/1869.

CentenoDave De Guzman, “Celebrification in the Philippines: Exploring the Relationship Between Celebrity Endorsersʼ Parasociability and the Publicʼs Voting Behavior,” Social Science Diliman, 6.1 (2010), 66–85, accessed 2 March 2011, http://journals.upd.edu.ph/index.php/socialsciencediliman/article/view/1979/1869.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Chakrabarty Dipesh, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008).

ChakrabartyDipesh, Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial Thought and Historical Difference (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Chidester David, , “Colonialism,” in: Braun Willi, and McCutcheon Russell T. (eds.), Guide to the Study of Religion (London: Cassell, 2000), 423–437.

ChidesterDavid, “Colonialism,” in: BraunWilli and McCutcheonRussell T. (eds.), Guide to the Study of Religion (London: Cassell, 2000), 423–437.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Chirino S.J., Pedro de, Relacion de las Islas Filipinas (Manila: Historical Conservation Society, XV, 1969 edition [1604]).

ChirinoS.J., Pedro de, Relacion de las Islas Filipinas (Manila: Historical Conservation Society, XV, 1969 edition [1604]).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Clifford James, The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988).

CliffordJames, The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Coleman Simon, “Comment on J. Robbinsʼ Continuity Thinking,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 19–20.

ColemanSimon, “Comment on J. Robbinsʼ Continuity Thinking,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 19–20.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

“Crucifixion in Kapitangan, Bulacan,” My Sarisari Store, accessed 4 March 2011, http://my _sarisari_store.typepad.com/my_sarisari_store/crucifixion-in-kapitangan-bulacan.

Elbourne Elizabeth, “Word Made Flesh: Christianity, Modernity, and Cultural Colonialism in the Work of Jean and John Comaroff,” American Historical Review, 108.2 (2003), 435–459.

ElbourneElizabeth, “Word Made Flesh: Christianity, Modernity, and Cultural Colonialism in the Work of Jean and John Comaroff,” American Historical Review, 108.2 (2003), 435–459.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Evangelista Alfredo E., “Penitencia: Ritual and Motivation in Flagellation,” Sunday Times Magazine, 17:36 (April 15, 1962), 10–11.

EvangelistaAlfredo E., “Penitencia: Ritual and Motivation in Flagellation,” Sunday Times Magazine, 17:36 (April 15, 1962), 10–11.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Francisco José Mario C., , “The Philippines,” in: Phan Peter C. (ed.), Christianities in Asia (Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), 97–128.

FranciscoJosé Mario C., “The Philippines,” in: PhanPeter C. (ed.), Christianities in Asia (Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011), 97–128.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Ginzburg Carlo, Ecstasies: Deciphering the Witches' Sabbath (New York: Penguin Books, 1991).

GinzburgCarlo, Ecstasies: Deciphering the Witches' Sabbath (New York: Penguin Books, 1991).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth Century Miller (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980).

——— The Cheese and the Worms: The Cosmos of a Sixteenth Century Miller (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983).

——— The Night Battles: Witchcraft and Agrarian Cults in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1983).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

“GLÄUBIGE LIEß SICH KREUZIGEN: Philippinische Amtskirche duldet kasteiende Karfreitagsriten,” in the Weser Kurier (April 2, 1994), 11.

Gruzinski Serge, The Mestizo Mind: The Intellectual Dynamics of Colonization and Globali­zation (London: Routledge, 2002).

GruzinskiSerge, The Mestizo Mind: The Intellectual Dynamics of Colonization and Globali­zation (London: Routledge, 2002).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Hall Stuart, , “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” in: Rutherford Jonathan (ed.), Identity: Community, Culture, and Difference (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990), 222–237.

HallStuart, “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” in: RutherfordJonathan (ed.), Identity: Community, Culture, and Difference (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990), 222–237.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Hauschild Thomas, , Zillinger Martin, , and Lucia Kottmann Sina, “Syncretism in the Mediterranean: Universalism, Cultural Relativism and Issue of the Mediterranean as a Cultural Area,” History and Anthropology, 18.3 (2007), 309–332.

HauschildThomas, ZillingerMartin, and Lucia KottmannSina, “Syncretism in the Mediterranean: Universalism, Cultural Relativism and Issue of the Mediterranean as a Cultural Area,” History and Anthropology, 18.3 (2007), 309–332.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Ileto Reynaldo, Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 1840–1910 (Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979).

IletoReynaldo, Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 1840–1910 (Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Javellana René B., Casaysayan nang Pasiong Mahal ni Jesuscristong Panginoon Natin na Sucat Ipag-Alab nang Puso nang Sinomang Babasa (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).

JavellanaRené B., Casaysayan nang Pasiong Mahal ni Jesuscristong Panginoon Natin na Sucat Ipag-Alab nang Puso nang Sinomang Babasa (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— Mahal na Pasiong ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon natin na tolal (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1990).

——— Mahal na Pasiong ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon natin na tolal (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1990).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

“John Safran,” Wikipedia, accessed 4 March 2011, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Safran.

“John Safranʼs Race Relations: Ep. 8 The Crucifixion,” YouTube, accessed 4 March 2011, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-3ypen637c.

“John Safran vs God,” Wikipedia, accessed 4 March 2011, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Safran_vs_God.

Lumbera Bienvenido L., Tagalog Poetry 1570–1898: Tradition and Influences in its Develop­ments (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1986).

LumberaBienvenido L., Tagalog Poetry 1570–1898: Tradition and Influences in its Develop­ments (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1986).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Macdonald Charles, “Folk Catholicism and pre-Spanish Religions in the Philippines,” Philippine Studies, 52.1 (2004), 78–93.

MacdonaldCharles, “Folk Catholicism and pre-Spanish Religions in the Philippines,” Philippine Studies, 52.1 (2004), 78–93.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Marasigan Vicente, “Grassroot Ascetical Renewal,” Philippine Priests Forum, 7.1 (1975), 92–95.

MarasiganVicente, “Grassroot Ascetical Renewal,” Philippine Priests Forum, 7.1 (1975), 92–95.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Martin David, Pentecostalism: The World Their Parish (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002).

MartinDavid, Pentecostalism: The World Their Parish (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Martin Luther H., and Maria Leopold Anita (eds.), New Approaches to the Study of Syncretism (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2004).

MartinLuther H. and Maria LeopoldAnita (eds.), New Approaches to the Study of Syncretism (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2004).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Matthes Joachim, “Religion in the Social Sciences: A Socio-Epistemological Critique,” Akademika, 56 (2000), 85–105.

MatthesJoachim, “Religion in the Social Sciences: A Socio-Epistemological Critique,” Akademika, 56 (2000), 85–105.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

McCoy Alfred W., “Baylan: Animist Religion and Philippine Peasant Ideology,” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society, 10.3 (1982), 141–193.

McCoyAlfred W., “Baylan: Animist Religion and Philippine Peasant Ideology,” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society, 10.3 (1982), 141–193.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

McLeod Hugh (ed.), World Christianities c. 1914 – c. 2000. The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 9 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).

McLeodHugh (ed.), World Christianities c. 1914 – c. 2000. The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 9 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Meyer Birgit, and Moors Annelies, , “Introduction,” in: Birgit Meyer, and Moors Annelies (eds.), Religion, Media, and the Public Sphere (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006), 1–28.

MeyerBirgit and MoorsAnnelies, “Introduction,” in: BirgitMeyer and MoorsAnnelies (eds.), Religion, Media, and the Public Sphere (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2006), 1–28.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Moody-Adams Michele M., Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, Culture, and Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).

Moody-AdamsMichele M., Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, Culture, and Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Mulder Niels, Inside Southeast Asia (Bangkok: Editions Duang Kamol, 1992).

MulderNiels, Inside Southeast Asia (Bangkok: Editions Duang Kamol, 1992).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

“Outrage of Crucifixion Stunt,” in The Filipino Post, 16 April 2009, accessed 4 March 2011: img.asianpacificpost.com/portal2/c1ee8c421faae1c40120b020a20d09f1_Outrage_of _crucifixion_stunt.do.html.

Pertierra Raul, Religion, Politics, and Rationality in a Philippine Community (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).

PertierraRaul, Religion, Politics, and Rationality in a Philippine Community (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Phan Peter C. (ed.), Christianities in Asia (Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011).

PhanPeter C. (ed.), Christianities in Asia (Malden: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Phelan John L., The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565–1700 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1959).

PhelanJohn L., The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565–1700 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1959).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Rafael Vicente, Contracting Colonialism: Translation and Christian Conversion in Tagalog Society Under Early Spanish Rule (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).

RafaelVicente, Contracting Colonialism: Translation and Christian Conversion in Tagalog Society Under Early Spanish Rule (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Reyes Portia L., “Fighting over a Nation: Theorizing a Filipino Historiography,” Postcolonial Studies, 11.3 (2008), 241–258.

ReyesPortia L., “Fighting over a Nation: Theorizing a Filipino Historiography,” Postcolonial Studies, 11.3 (2008), 241–258.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Riesebrodt Martin, , “Religion in Global Perspective,” in: Juergensmeyer Mark (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Global Religions (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 597–609.

RiesebrodtMartin, “Religion in Global Perspective,” in: JuergensmeyerMark (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Global Religions (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006), 597–609.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— Promise of Salvation: A Theory of Religion (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010).

——— Promise of Salvation: A Theory of Religion (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Robbins Joel, “Continuity Thinking and the Problem of Christian Culture,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 5–17.

RobbinsJoel, “Continuity Thinking and the Problem of Christian Culture,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 5–17.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Roxborogh John, , “Christianity in South-East Asia, 1914–2000,” in: McLeod Hugh (ed.), World Christianities c. 1914 – c. 2000. The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 9 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 436–449.

RoxboroghJohn, “Christianity in South-East Asia, 1914–2000,” in: McLeodHugh (ed.), World Christianities c. 1914 – c. 2000. The Cambridge History of Christianity, vol. 9 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 436–449.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Rutherford Danilyn, “After Syncretism: The Anthropology of Islam and Christianity in Southeast Asia: A Review Article,” Comparative Studies in Sociology and History, 44.1 (2002), 196–205.

RutherfordDanilyn, “After Syncretism: The Anthropology of Islam and Christianity in Southeast Asia: A Review Article,” Comparative Studies in Sociology and History, 44.1 (2002), 196–205.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

“San Pedro Cutud Lenten Rites,” Wikipedia, accessed 7 March 2011, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro_Cutud_Lenten_Rites.

Schumacher John N., “Syncretism in Philippine Catholicism: Historical Causes,” Philippine Studies, 32 (1984), 251–272.

SchumacherJohn N., “Syncretism in Philippine Catholicism: Historical Causes,” Philippine Studies, 32 (1984), 251–272.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Scott James C., The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976).

ScottJames C., The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Scott William H., Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, and Other Essays in Philippine History (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1985).

ScottWilliam H., Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, and Other Essays in Philippine History (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1985).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Smith Philip F., “The Acts of the Synod of Calasiao, 1773,” Philippiniana Sacra, 5.14 (1970), 185–229.

SmithPhilip F., “The Acts of the Synod of Calasiao, 1773,” Philippiniana Sacra, 5.14 (1970), 185–229.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Stewart Charles, and Shaw Rosalind (eds.), Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism: The Politics of Religious Synthesis (London: Routledge, 1994).

StewartCharles and ShawRosalind (eds.), Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism: The Politics of Religious Synthesis (London: Routledge, 1994).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Stoler Ann Laura, and Cooper Frederick, , “Between Metropole and Colony: Rethinking a Research Agenda,” in: Cooper Frederick, and Laura Stoler Ann (eds.), Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 1–58.

StolerAnn Laura and CooperFrederick, “Between Metropole and Colony: Rethinking a Research Agenda,” in: CooperFrederick and Laura StolerAnn (eds.), Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997), 1–58.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Subrahmanyam Sanjay, “Connected Histories: Notes Towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia,” Modern Asian Studies, 31.3 (1997), 735–762.

SubrahmanyamSanjay, “Connected Histories: Notes Towards a Reconfiguration of Early Modern Eurasia,” Modern Asian Studies, 31.3 (1997), 735–762.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Takefumi Terada, The Spirit Cult of Santo Nino: An Anthropological Study of Popular Religi­osity in the Philippines (Quezon City: U.P. Diliman, Unpublished Ph.D. 1987).

TakefumiTerada, The Spirit Cult of Santo Nino: An Anthropological Study of Popular Religi­osity in the Philippines (Quezon City: U.P. Diliman, Unpublished Ph.D. 1987).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Tañazas Rosa C.P., The Santo Niño of Cebu (Cebu City: San Carlos Publ., 1965).

TañazasRosa C.P., The Santo Niño of Cebu (Cebu City: San Carlos Publ., 1965).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Tiongson Nicanor, “Pasyon: The Best Known Filipino Book,” Archipelago, 4 (1976), 1–28.

TiongsonNicanor, “Pasyon: The Best Known Filipino Book,” Archipelago, 4 (1976), 1–28.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Trexler Richard C., Reliving Golgotha: The Passion Play of Iztapalpa (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003).

TrexlerRichard C., Reliving Golgotha: The Passion Play of Iztapalpa (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Trimillos Ricardo D., , “Pasyon: Lenten Observance of the Philippines as Southeast Asian Theater,” in: Foley Kathy (ed.), Essays on Southeast Asian Performing Arts: Local Manifestations and Cross-Cultural Implications (Berkeley: University of California, Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies, 1992), 5–22.

TrimillosRicardo D., “Pasyon: Lenten Observance of the Philippines as Southeast Asian Theater,” in: FoleyKathy (ed.), Essays on Southeast Asian Performing Arts: Local Manifestations and Cross-Cultural Implications (Berkeley: University of California, Center for South and Southeast Asia Studies, 1992), 5–22.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Walker Gavin, “Postcoloniality in Translation: Historicities of the Present,” Postcolonial Studies, 14.1 (2011), 111–126.

WalkerGavin, “Postcoloniality in Translation: Historicities of the Present,” Postcolonial Studies, 14.1 (2011), 111–126.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Weber Max, The Sociology of Religion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969).

WeberMax, The Sociology of Religion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Welsch Wolfgang, , “Transculturality: The Puzzling Form of Cultures Today,” in: Featherstone Mike, and Lash Scott (eds.), Spaces of Culture: City, Nation, World (London: Sage 1999), 194–213.

WelschWolfgang, “Transculturality: The Puzzling Form of Cultures Today,” in: FeatherstoneMike and LashScott (eds.), Spaces of Culture: City, Nation, World (London: Sage1999), 194–213.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Werner Michael, and Zimmermann Bénédicte, “Beyond Comparison: Histoire Croisée and the Challenge of Reflexivity,” History and Theory, 45 (2006), 30–50.

WernerMichael and ZimmermannBénédicte, “Beyond Comparison: Histoire Croisée and the Challenge of Reflexivity,” History and Theory, 45 (2006), 30–50.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Wolters Willem, , “Hispanization,” in: Gin Ooi Keat (ed.), Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, 2004), 588–591.

WoltersWillem, “Hispanization,” in: Gin OoiKeat (ed.), Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, vol. 2 (Santa Barbara: ABC-Clio, 2004), 588–591.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

Zialcita Fernando N., “Popular Interpretations of the Passion of Christ,” Philippine Sociological Review, 34 (1986), 56–62.

ZialcitaFernando N., “Popular Interpretations of the Passion of Christ,” Philippine Sociological Review, 34 (1986), 56–62.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— Notions of Justice: A Study of an Ilocos and a Bulacan Barangay (Quezon City: Institute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, 1989).

——— Notions of Justice: A Study of an Ilocos and a Bulacan Barangay (Quezon City: Institute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, 1989).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

——— “We are All Mestizos,” in: Fernando N. Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic: Essays on Filipino Identity (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2005), 211–236.

——— “We are All Mestizos,” in: FernandoN. Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic: Essays on Filipino Identity (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2005), 211–236.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Joel Robbins, “Continuity Thinking and the Problem of Christian Culture,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 5–17.

 Joel Robbins, “Continuity Thinking and the Problem of Christian Culture,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 5–17.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Simon Coleman, “Comment on J. Robbins' Continuity Thinking,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 19–20, here 20.

 Simon Coleman, “Comment on J. Robbins' Continuity Thinking,” Current Anthropology, 48.1 (2007), 19–20, here 20.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Benavides, “Modernity,” 188.

 Benavides, “Modernity,” 188.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 As performed on 2 March 2011.

 See Richard C. Trexler, Reliving Golgotha: The Passion Play of Iztapalpa (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003), 144.

 See Richard C. Trexler, Reliving Golgotha: The Passion Play of Iztapalpa (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2003), 144.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 My field research (1996, 1997, 1998) was part of the research project “Philippine Passion Rituals” at the Dept. of Religious Studies of the University of Bremen, Germany. The research was supported by a grant from the DFG (German Research Foundation). In the Philippines I was kindly accepted as a research affiliate of the IPC (Institute of Philippine Culture) at the Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City. This paper is part of my more general work on Christian rituals of pain in Europe and the Philippines. See Peter J. Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon: Rituale des Schmerzes im europäischen und philippinischen Christentum (Munich: Wilhelm Fink, 2010).

 See Fernando N. Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations of the Passion of Christ,” Philippine Sociological Review, 34 (1986), 56–62, here 60, 61; Alfredo E. Evangelista, “Penitencia: Ritual and Motivation in Flagellation,” Sunday Times Magazine, 17:36 (April 15, 1962), 10–11; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 366–377.

 See Fernando N. Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations of the Passion of Christ,” Philippine Sociological Review, 34 (1986), 56–62, here 60, 61; Alfredo E. Evangelista, “Penitencia: Ritual and Motivation in Flagellation,” Sunday Times Magazine, 17:36 (April 15, 1962), 10–11; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 366–377.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Niels Mulder, Inside Southeast Asia (Bangkok: Editions Duang Kamol, 1992), 5; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 372–374. Going to confession in preparation for ritual self- mortification is absolutely unusual. This fact underscores the different embedment of self-flagellation in the Philippine context. See Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 60.

 See Niels Mulder, Inside Southeast Asia (Bangkok: Editions Duang Kamol, 1992), 5; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 372–374. Going to confession in preparation for ritual self- mortification is absolutely unusual. This fact underscores the different embedment of self-flagellation in the Philippine context. See Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 60.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 62. The statements recorded by Zialcita are in full accordance with my own investigations. The word kasalanan covers a wide gamut of behavior, ranging from heavy to light misdemeanors, such as “sin, crime, offense, error, impropriety, fault,” as Zialcita asserts. Offenses against God—kasalanan sa Diyos—are “theft out of sheer greed, murder, adultery, rape,” which are considered to be very serious, “because they violate things cherished by the villagers: property, life and honor.” See Fernando N. Zialcita, Notions of Justice: A Study of an Ilocos and a Bulacan Barangay (Quezon City: Institute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, 1989), 34–35. Raul Pertierra's observation in a Northern Luzon community confirms the absence of a developed notion of sin. Highly developed, however, is the concept of fault, which has a negotiable and situational component. See Raul Pertierra, Religion, Politics, and Rationality in a Philippine Community (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988), 141.

 Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 62. The statements recorded by Zialcita are in full accordance with my own investigations. The word kasalanan covers a wide gamut of behavior, ranging from heavy to light misdemeanors, such as “sin, crime, offense, error, impropriety, fault,” as Zialcita asserts. Offenses against God—kasalanan sa Diyos—are “theft out of sheer greed, murder, adultery, rape,” which are considered to be very serious, “because they violate things cherished by the villagers: property, life and honor.” See Fernando N. Zialcita, Notions of Justice: A Study of an Ilocos and a Bulacan Barangay (Quezon City: Institute of Philippine Culture, Ateneo de Manila University, 1989), 34–35. Raul Pertierra's observation in a Northern Luzon community confirms the absence of a developed notion of sin. Highly developed, however, is the concept of fault, which has a negotiable and situational component. See Raul Pertierra, Religion, Politics, and Rationality in a Philippine Community (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988), 141.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See also Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 61. The historical development of Christian rituals of “sacred pain” is elaborated in Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 43–184.

 See also Zialcita, “Popular Interpretations,” 61. The historical development of Christian rituals of “sacred pain” is elaborated in Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 43–184.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See John L. Phelan, The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565–1700 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1959).

 See John L. Phelan, The Hispanization of the Philippines: Spanish Aims and Filipino Responses, 1565–1700 (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1959).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Francisco, “The Philippines,” 99.

 Francisco, “The Philippines,” 99.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Francisco, “The Philippines,” 103.

 Francisco, “The Philippines,” 103.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Bienvenido L. Lumbera, Tagalog Poetry 1570–1898: Tradition and Influences in its Developments (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1986), 57–66.

 Bienvenido L. Lumbera, Tagalog Poetry 1570–1898: Tradition and Influences in its Developments (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1986), 57–66.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Nicanor Tiongson, “Pasyon: The Best Known Filipino Book,” Archipelago, 4 (1976), 1–28; for a scholarly edition of the two important Pasyon texts, see René B. Javellana, Mahal na Pasiong ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon natin na tolal (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1990), René B. Javellana, Casaysayan nang Pasiong Mahal ni Jesuscristong Panginoon Natin na Sucat Ipag-Alab nang Puso nang Sinomang Babasa (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).

 Nicanor Tiongson, “Pasyon: The Best Known Filipino Book,” Archipelago, 4 (1976), 1–28; for a scholarly edition of the two important Pasyon texts, see René B. Javellana, Mahal na Pasiong ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon natin na tolal (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1990), René B. Javellana, Casaysayan nang Pasiong Mahal ni Jesuscristong Panginoon Natin na Sucat Ipag-Alab nang Puso nang Sinomang Babasa (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 In his chronicle of 1604, the Jesuit Pedro Chirino mentions a certain Diego de Leon as the first to introduce disciplina as penance on Panay Island. See Pedro de Chirino S.J., Relacion de las Islas Filipinas (Manila: Historical Conservation Society, XV, 1969 edition [1604]), 285. For the history of the Western concept of disciplina and self-flagellation as a monastic and lay practice, see Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyon, 106–117, 196–202.

 See Caridad M. Barrion, Religious Life of the Laity in Eighteenth-Century Philippines as Reflected in the Decrees of the Council of Manila of 1771 and the Synod of Calasiao of 1773 (Ph.D. dissertation, Manila: University of Santo Tomas, 1960), 304, 307; Philip F. Smith, “The Acts of the Synod of Calasiao, 1773,” Philippiniana Sacra, 5.14 (1970), 185–229; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyion, 361.

 See Caridad M. Barrion, Religious Life of the Laity in Eighteenth-Century Philippines as Reflected in the Decrees of the Council of Manila of 1771 and the Synod of Calasiao of 1773 (Ph.D. dissertation, Manila: University of Santo Tomas, 1960), 304, 307; Philip F. Smith, “The Acts of the Synod of Calasiao, 1773,” Philippiniana Sacra, 5.14 (1970), 185–229; Bräunlein, Passion/Pasyion, 361.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Reynaldo Ileto, Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 1840–1910 (Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979), 5. With the imposition of martial law and the anti-Marcos struggle during the 1970s and 1980s, a centuries-long tradition of anti- colonial resistance was made known by scholars such as Reynaldo Ileto, Alfred McCoy, or William Henry Scott. The Philippine people as docile disciples, Christianity as an unproblematic gift of colonial rule—such a view was no longer convenient. James C. Scott's The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976) has had the most profound impact on such a new perspective. See also William H. Scott, Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, and Other Essays in Philippine History (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1985), Alfred W. McCoy, “Baylan: Animist Religion and Philippine Peasant Ideology,” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society, 10.3 (1982), 141–193.

 Reynaldo Ileto, Pasyon and Revolution: Popular Movements in the Philippines, 1840–1910 (Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1979), 5. With the imposition of martial law and the anti-Marcos struggle during the 1970s and 1980s, a centuries-long tradition of anti- colonial resistance was made known by scholars such as Reynaldo Ileto, Alfred McCoy, or William Henry Scott. The Philippine people as docile disciples, Christianity as an unproblematic gift of colonial rule—such a view was no longer convenient. James C. Scott's The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976) has had the most profound impact on such a new perspective. See also William H. Scott, Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, and Other Essays in Philippine History (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila Press, 1985), Alfred W. McCoy, “Baylan: Animist Religion and Philippine Peasant Ideology,” Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society, 10.3 (1982), 141–193.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Barker, “Religious Self-Mortification,” 1140.

 See Barker, “Religious Self-Mortification,” 1140.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Danilyn Rutherford, “After Syncretism: The Anthropology of Islam and Christianity in Southeast Asia: A Review Article,” Comparative Studies in Sociology and History, 44.1 (2002), 196–205, here 196. See also Charles Stewart and Rosalind Shaw (eds.), Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism: The Politics of Religious Synthesis (London: Routledge, 1994); Luther H. Martin and Anita Maria Leopold (eds.), New Approaches to the Study of Syncretism (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2004).

 Danilyn Rutherford, “After Syncretism: The Anthropology of Islam and Christianity in Southeast Asia: A Review Article,” Comparative Studies in Sociology and History, 44.1 (2002), 196–205, here 196. See also Charles Stewart and Rosalind Shaw (eds.), Syncretism/Anti-Syncretism: The Politics of Religious Synthesis (London: Routledge, 1994); Luther H. Martin and Anita Maria Leopold (eds.), New Approaches to the Study of Syncretism (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2004).)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Phelan, The Hispanization, 80. Phelan connects ‘identity’ with pagan beliefs and rituals, and the new ‘blending’ called ‘popular’ or ‘folk Catholicism’ is associated with the loss of that identity. John N. Schumacher defined syncretism in Philippine folk Catholicism as an “admixture of elements of pre-Hispanic animistic practices and beliefs with Catholic ritual elements, so as to form what is essentially a different religion from orthodox Catholicism.” See John N. Schumacher, “Syncretism in Philippine Catholicism: Historical Causes,” Philippine Studies, 32 (1984), 251–272, here 251.

 See Phelan, The Hispanization, 80. Phelan connects ‘identity’ with pagan beliefs and rituals, and the new ‘blending’ called ‘popular’ or ‘folk Catholicism’ is associated with the loss of that identity. John N. Schumacher defined syncretism in Philippine folk Catholicism as an “admixture of elements of pre-Hispanic animistic practices and beliefs with Catholic ritual elements, so as to form what is essentially a different religion from orthodox Catholicism.” See John N. Schumacher, “Syncretism in Philippine Catholicism: Historical Causes,” Philippine Studies, 32 (1984), 251–272, here 251.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Max Weber, The Sociology of Religion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969), 138; Charles Macdonald, “Folk Catholicism and pre-Spanish Religions in the Philippines,” Philippine Studies, 52.1 (2004), 78–93, here 79.

 Max Weber, The Sociology of Religion (Boston: Beacon Press, 1969), 138; Charles Macdonald, “Folk Catholicism and pre-Spanish Religions in the Philippines,” Philippine Studies, 52.1 (2004), 78–93, here 79.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Macdonald, “Folk Catholicism,” 88.

 See Macdonald, “Folk Catholicism,” 88.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Homi K. Bhabha, The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994); Stuart Hall, “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” in: Jonathan Rutherford (ed.), Identity: Community, Culture, and Difference (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990), 222–237; Serge Gruzinski, The Mestizo Mind: The Intellectual Dynamics of Colonization and Globalization (London: Routledge, 2002). We can also add here James Clifford’s effort to revaluate that pejorative term ‘syncretism’ by coining the term “inventive syncretism.” See James Clifford, The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 22–23.

 See Homi K. Bhabha, The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994); Stuart Hall, “Cultural Identity and Diaspora,” in: Jonathan Rutherford (ed.), Identity: Community, Culture, and Difference (London: Lawrence & Wishart, 1990), 222–237; Serge Gruzinski, The Mestizo Mind: The Intellectual Dynamics of Colonization and Globalization (London: Routledge, 2002). We can also add here James Clifford’s effort to revaluate that pejorative term ‘syncretism’ by coining the term “inventive syncretism.” See James Clifford, The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth Century Ethnography, Literature, and Art (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988), 22–23.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Robert D. Baird, Category Formation and the History of Religions (The Hague: Mouton, 1971), 151.

 Robert D. Baird, Category Formation and the History of Religions (The Hague: Mouton, 1971), 151.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Michele M. Moody-Adams, Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, Culture, and Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 62.

 Michele M. Moody-Adams, Fieldwork in Familiar Places: Morality, Culture, and Philosophy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), 62.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 See Portia L. Reyes, “Fighting over a Nation: Theorizing a Filipino Historiography,” Postcolonial Studies, 11.3 (2008), 241–258.

 See Portia L. Reyes, “Fighting over a Nation: Theorizing a Filipino Historiography,” Postcolonial Studies, 11.3 (2008), 241–258.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic, 5.

 Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic, 5.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Rutherford, “After Syncretism,” 196. Behind such questions lurks, of course, a general discomfort with the concept of ‘religion’ authoritatively expressed by Talal Asad's Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1993), or recently, with a different emphasis, by Dipesh Chakrabarty's Provincializing Europe. The critique of a Eurocentric concept of religion by Syed Farid Alatas draws its conclusions mainly from Joachim Matthes' exploratory work. See Syed Farid Alatas, Alternative Discourses in Asian Social Sciences: Responses to Eurocentrism (Delhi: Sage Publ., 2006), 179–186; and Joachim Matthes, “Religion in the Social Sciences: A Socio-Epistemological Critique,” Akademika, 56 (2000), 85–105.

 Rutherford, “After Syncretism,” 196. Behind such questions lurks, of course, a general discomfort with the concept of ‘religion’ authoritatively expressed by Talal Asad's Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1993), or recently, with a different emphasis, by Dipesh Chakrabarty's Provincializing Europe. The critique of a Eurocentric concept of religion by Syed Farid Alatas draws its conclusions mainly from Joachim Matthes' exploratory work. See Syed Farid Alatas, Alternative Discourses in Asian Social Sciences: Responses to Eurocentrism (Delhi: Sage Publ., 2006), 179–186; and Joachim Matthes, “Religion in the Social Sciences: A Socio-Epistemological Critique,” Akademika, 56 (2000), 85–105.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 As suggested by Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic, 212.

 As suggested by Zialcita, Authentic Though not Exotic, 212.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Vicente Rafael, Contracting Colonialism: Translation and Christian Conversion in Tagalog Society Under Early Spanish Rule (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988), 15.

 Vicente Rafael, Contracting Colonialism: Translation and Christian Conversion in Tagalog Society Under Early Spanish Rule (Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1988), 15.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Rafael, Contracting Colonialism, 127.

 Rafael, Contracting Colonialism, 127.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Rafael, Contracting Colonialism, 211.

 Rafael, Contracting Colonialism, 211.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Gavin Walker, “Postcoloniality in Translation: Historicities of the Present,” Postcolonial Studies, 14.1 (2011), 111–126, here 120.

 Gavin Walker, “Postcoloniality in Translation: Historicities of the Present,” Postcolonial Studies, 14.1 (2011), 111–126, here 120.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 38.

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 38.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 32–3.

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 32–3.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 38.

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 38.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 43.

 Werner and Zimmermann, “Beyond comparison,” 43.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Cannell, “Introduction,” 22.

 Cannell, “Introduction,” 22.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Riesebrodt, “Religion in Global Perspective,” 607.

 Riesebrodt, “Religion in Global Perspective,” 607.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用

 Riesebrodt, “Religion in Global Perspective,” 600, 602.

 Riesebrodt, “Religion in Global Perspective,” 600, 602.)| false
• 检索谷歌学术
• 导出引用