Figures
1.1 Saint Philip, Mar Phokas, Amioun. Photograph: Erica Cruikshank Dodd 20
1.2 Tabularium, no. 1, Tesoro, Cappella Palatina, Palermo. Photograph: Heather Hoge 22
1.3 Tabularium, no. 1, detail, Tesoro, Cappella Palatina, Palermo. Photograph: Heather Hoge 22
1.4 Litany of the Hodegetria, Church of the Blacherna, Arta. Photograph: Anthony Cutler 23
1.5 Icon, Mother of God Machairiotissa, Monastery of Machairas, Cyprus. Photograph: Annemarie Weyl Carr 26
1.6 Mosaic icon, Virgin Hagiosoritissa, Museo Diocesano, Palermo 27
1.7 Icon, Virgin and scenes from the life of Christ, Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai. Photograph: Anthony Cutler 28
1.8 Triumph of John I Tzimiskes, Madrid, Biblioteca Nacional Vitr. 26-2, fol. 172v a 29
1.9 “Idea” relief, Castello Sforzesco, Civiche Raccolte d’Arte, Milan 29
1.10 Veneration of an icon of the Virgin Hodegetria, Kupferstichkabinett 78.A.9, Berlin, fol. 39v 30
1.11 Icon, Triumph of Orthodoxy, British Museum, London 30
2.1 Crusader icon (The Acre Triptych), central panel with the Virgin and Child Hodegetria enthroned with two standing angels, probably done in Acre, ca. 1250s (Central panel: 56.8 × 47.7 cm) Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai. Photograph: Folda Handlist (see ch. 2, n. 4): no. 66, p. 541 36
2.2 Crusader icon, Virgin and Child Hodegetria Dexiokratousa (bust-length), probably done in Acre or Sinai, ca. 1240s. (38.6 × 26.9 cm) Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai. Photograph: Folda Handlist: no. 57, p. 540 40
2.3 Crusader icon (formerly attributed to a Byzantine artist), Virgin and Child Hodegetria enthroned on a lyre-backed throne, with angels, probably done in Acre or Sinai, ca. 1260 (?) (35 × 26 cm), Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai 42
2.4 Crusader icon (formerly attributed to a Byzantine artist): Virgin and Child Hodegetria Dexiokratousa, bust-length, in mosaic, possibly done in Acre, Constantinople, or Sinai, early thirteenth century (47 × 34 cm; 34 × 23 cm without the frame), Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai 43
3.1 West façade, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 56
3.2 Ground plan, showing locations of ducal tombs, Church of San Marco, Venice. By permission of Debra Pincus 57
3.3 Western arm of narthex, looking south, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 59
3.4 Northern arm of narthex, looking east, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 60
3.5 Sarcophagus of Doge Marino Morosini, detail, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 62
3.6 Tomb of Doge Vitale Falier, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 70
3.7 Tomb of Dogaressa Felicitas Michiel, Church of San Marco, Venice. Photograph: Naya-Böhm, Venice 71
4.1 Deesis, Monastery of St. Mary, Jehoshaphat, Jerusalem. By permission of The Israel Museum, Jerusalem 90
5.1 Narthex, view southward showing the mural icon of St. George, Anastasia Saramalyna to its right, the Latin Lady above it, and around them the paintings of 1332/33 showing the Last Judgment and saints, Panagia Phorbiotissa, Asinou. Photograph: Gerald L. Carr 112
5.2 East wall of narthex showing the Latin donor couple, St. Nicholas of the Roof, Kakopetria. Photograph: Annemarie Weyl Carr 116
5.3 Northward view across the naos toward the chapel of St. John Lampadistes and the proskynetarion with his icon, St. Herakleidios in the Monastery of St. John Lampadistes, Kalopanagiotis 119
5.4 Agia Mone/Monastery of the Priests, Church of St. Nicholas (seventeenth and nineteenth centuries) 121
6.1 Donor Philip, Church of Mar Fauqa, Amiun. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 138
6.2 Donors John and Irene of Moutoullas, Church of the Panagia, Moutoullas. Source: Hein, Jakovljević and Kleidt, Zypern. Byzantinische Kirchen (1996), Abb. 94 140
6.3 Plan of the upper level of the Church of St. Mercurius (Abu Sefein). Source: Butler, The Ancient Coptic Churches of Egypt (1884, vol. 1), Fig. 7 143
6.4 Transitional zone of the altar room, Church of St. George. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 145
6.5 Northern corridor of the upper level: archangel with commemorative inscription, Church of St. Mercurius. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 147
6.6 Plan of the Church of al-Muʿallaqa. Source: Alcock and Gabra, The Coptic Museum (1993), Fig. 10 149
6.7 Virgin Blachernitissa, Church of al-Muʿallaqa. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 150
6.8 Christ Pantocrator, canopy in the southern altar room of the Church of al-Muʿallaqa. Photograph: Adeline Jeudy 152
6.9 Supplicating donor couple, Church of Mar Charbel, Maʿad. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 154
6.10 Donor Simonin, Crac des Chevaliers. Photograph: Erica Cruikshank Dodd/archives of the Index of Christian Art, Princeton 155
6.11 Head of a donor, Church of Mar Saba, Eddé al-Batrun. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 156
6.12 Donor near St. George, Church of Mar Tadros, Bahdeidat. Photograph: Mat Immerzeel 157
6.13 Female donor, Church of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Asinou. Source: Hein, Jakovljević and Kleidt, Zypern. Byzantinische Kirchen (1996), Abb. 5 162
6.14 Icon of St. Nicholas, Byzantine Museum of the Archbishop Makarios III Foundation, inv. no. BMIAM. 007; Frankish donor and his family. Source: Durand and Jovannoni, Chypre entre Byzance et l’Occident, no. 124 164
6.15 Doubting Thomas with donors, Church of the Holy Cross, Pelendri. Photograph: Annemarie Weyl Carr 166
7.1 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, main prayer hall façade. Photograph: Angela Andersen 178
7.2 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, main prayer hall interior. Photograph: Angela Andersen 179
7.3 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, west riwaq, detail of sculptural program. Photograph: Angela Andersen 181
7.4 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, west riwaq façade. Photograph: Angela Andersen 182
7.5 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, east riwaq façade. Photograph: Angela Andersen 182
7.6 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, east riwaq detail of sculptural program. Photograph: Angela Andersen 183
7.7 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, floorplan. Created by Angela Andersen 187
7.8 Ulu Cami of Diyarbakir, western riwaq vase detail. Photograph: Angela Andersen 188
8.1 ʿUmari Mosque and its surroundings, Beirut 206
8.2 West façade and principal entrance, ʿUmari Mosque, Beirut. Photograph: May Farhat 207
8.3 Plan, ʿUmari Mosque, Beirut. Photograph: Salih Mostafa Lamei 209
8.4 Door on northern wall, ʿUmari Mosque, Beirut. Photograph: May Farhat 217
8.5 City plan, Beirut. By permission of Michael Davie 220
9.1 Stereoscopic photograph published by Underwood and Underwood in 1900 entitled, “Crude makers of beautiful goods; making the famous inlaid pearl work, Damascus, Syria.” By permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington: LC-DIG-ppmsca-10710 241
9.2 Stereoscopic photograph dated 1903 by William H. Rau entitled “Making the beautiful pearlwork of the Orient, Damascus, Syria.” By permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington: LC-USZ62-73947 241
9.3 Stereoscopic photograph published by Underwood and Underwood in 1900 entitled “There’s no place like home!; Dwelling and shop of a Gypsy blacksmith, Syria.” By permission of Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington: LC-DIG-ppmsca-10712 256
9.4 a and b Examples of handmade village pottery produced in Jordan, early to mid-twentieth century. Private collection, Amman, Jordan. Photographs: Marcus Milwright 258
9.5 a and b Views of a German artillery shell (dated February 1911) decorated with chasing and silver and copper inlay in Damascus in c. 1918. Private collection, Victoria, Canada. Photograph: Marcus Milwright 259
10.1 Minbar, mosque in the funerary complex of Sultan Faraj ibn Barquq, Cairo, early fifteenth century. Photograph: Rico Franses 266
10.2 Dome at the funerary complex of Sultan al-Ashraf Barsbay, Cairo, early 1430s. Photograph: Rico Franses 267
10.3 Minbar in the mosque of the Sultan Barsbay funerary complex, Cairo, early 1430s. Photograph: Rico Franses 270
10.4 Figure 10.1 with graphic overlay. Photograph: Rico Franses 271
10.5 Marriage chest, Catalonia, Kunstgewerbemuseum, Berlin, c. 1500. By permission of the Kunstgewerbemuseum, SMB/ Karen Bartsch 273
10.6 Figure 10.2 with graphic overlay. Photograph: Rico Franses 274
Tables
5.1 Table categorizing the people memorialized or recorded as donors in the thirteenth century, the first half of the fourteenth century, and the year 1348: information from Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale (BnF), MS gr. 1588 123
5.2 Table categorizing the people memorialized or recorded as donors in the second half of the fourteenth century and the first half of the fifteenth century, and those cited by day but not year: information from Paris, BnF, MS gr. 1588 126