Index
Illustrations, tables, and plans are indicated by italicized numbers.
Abbasid
8, 232
ʿAbd al-Latif Fathallah, Shaykh
218
ʿAbd Allah b. Shaykh Ibrahim al-Khatib, 214
Abu al-Barakat Yuhanna ibn Abu Layth, Shaykh
150
Abu al-Khair, scribe
146
Abu al-Makarim Saʿdallah ibn Jirjis ibn Masʿud
142, 144, 146, 150
Abu al-Qasim
242
Abu al-Wafaʾ ibn al-Bishr, priest
146
Abu Ghosh
97
Abu ʿAbdallah Muhammad b. ʿUmar ibn Waqid al-Aslami (al-Waqidi)
177, 190, 191, 192
Abu-Lughod, Janet
4
Abu Zakri ibn al-Bishr, Shayk
146
Acre Triptych
35, 36, 37, 38
Adomnán
196
Agia Mone, (Monastery of the Priests), Cyprus
120–129, 121, 131
Ahmad Pasha al-Jazzar
215–216, 218
Alexios Angelos Komnenos
67
Alexios I Komnenos, Emperor
7, 79
Alice of Ibelin
163
Allen, Terry
189
American University, Beirut
265
Amir Assaf Mosque, Beirut
213, 214, 226
Amir Munzir Mosque, Beirut
213, 214
Amjad ibn al-Shaykh al-Taqah, Shaykh al-
150
Anastasia Saramalyna
113
Anastasis
67
Andaloro, Maria
26
Andronikos II Palaiologos, Emperor
66
Archangel (Michael?), mural icon, St. Mercurius, Cairo
146, 147
Arculf. see Adomnán
Ashʿari theology
282, 283
Athanasios of Athos, Saint
120
Audi, Raymond
227
Augustine, Saint
90, 92, 93, 101
Ayyubid
3, 11, 142, 144, 146, 148, 160, 209, 232
Bakalova, Elka
41–44, 45, 46, 47, 51
Baladhuri, Abu al-ʿAbbas Ahmad bin Jabir al-
196
Baldensperger, Philip
260
Barquq, funerary complex of Sultan ibn, Cairo
265, 266, 269–272, 271
Barsauma, Saint
152
Barsbay, funerary complex of Sultan al-Ashraf, Cairo
265, 267, 269–71, 270, 274, 274
Barsky, Basil
120
Basil, priest, son of Lord Olimites Madellos and Nengomia
166
Baydumur al-Khawarizmi, amir and Mamluk governor of Damascus
212
Beirut
158, 205–233
Bell, Gertrude
243–244
Bellew, Henry
249–250
Berchem, Max van
192
Bertem Bodin
127–128, 129, 131
Berzé-la-Ville, France
94
Beysanoğlu, Şevket
192
Biblical imagery
147
Biruni, Abu Rayhan al-
250
Blacherna, church of the, Arta
19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28
Blair, Sheila
268, 276, 281, 283, 284
Blessed Themionos, church of the, Lysi
160
Bloom, Jonathan
268, 276, 281, 283, 284
Bohemond, Prince of Antioch
76
Bowring, Sir John
239, 240
Braudel, Fernand
6
bronze horses, San Marco, Venice
59, 62
Buchthal, Hugo
34
Budge, Sir E. A.
256–257
Burckhardt, John Lewis
246, 253
Burkhardt, Titus
268, 269
Butcher, Edith
240, 252
Cairo
6, 8, 34, 142, 143, 144, 148, 224
Canosa Cathedral, Apulia
76
Cappadocia
66, 95, 153
Catalonian marriage chest, Kunstgewerbe Museum, Berlin
272, 273, 274
Çelebi, Evliya
184, 197
Charlieu Abbey, France
94
Chaudhuri, Sukanta
24
Chilandari Monastery, Mount Athos
69
Christ Pantocrator
152
Christological scenes
111
Chora Monastery (Kariye Cami), Constantinople
67, 68
Christ Enthroned
147
Christopher Kopsenos
24
chrysography
9, 44, 45–46, 49, 50–51, 52
church-mosque conversion
12, 175, 184, 187, 192, 194, 205, 211–212, 225, 231
Clermont, Council of
7
Cluny Monastery, France
92, 93, 94, 101
Condé, Bruce
225
Constantine Lips Monastery (Fenari Isa Cami), Constantinople
66, 77
Constantine, basilica of, Jerusalem
195
Constantine of Rhodes
75
Constantinople
8, 51, 56, 59, 63, 69, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 110, 151, 159, 190
Contarini, Doge Domenico
55
Coppo di Marcovaldo, Madonna del Bordone
45, 46, 47, 51, 52
Coptic Christianity
5, 11, 142, 144, 146, 148, 151
Cordoba
198
Cotton Genesis, British Library, MS Cotton Otho B VI, 58
Crac des Chevaliers, Syria
154, 155, 156, 158, 167
Creswell, K. A. C.
192
Crowfoot, Grace
, 255
Crucifixion
67, 117, 163
Cruikshank Dodd, Erica
IX–XIII, 1, 9, 14, 19, 33, 55, 89, 108, 137, 175 n.1, 261 n.47, 265
Crusades: First
7–8; Third 108;
Fourth
8, 10, 57, 77, 80
Cuinet, Vital
239, 240
Ćurčić, Slobodan
69
Cutler, Anthony
44–45, 46
Dale, Thomas
74
Damascus
159, 196, 198, 210, 215, 221, 238, 240, 241, 244, 245, 252, 259
Dandolo, Doge Andrea
73, 78
Dandolo, Doge Enrico
77, 78
Darrouzès, Father Jean
121
December Menologian, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 1531
120
Deesis
90–91, 90, 92, 95, 96, 97–98, 101
Deir al–Khandaq (Monastery of the Moat), Egypt
144
Deir al–Qusayr, Egypt
150–151
Deir Mar Musa (Monastery of St. Moses), Syria
141
Demus, Otto
55, 61, 63, 64, 65
Directorate General of Antiquities (DGA), Beirut
227
Diyarbakir Cathedral
184.
St. Thomas, church of, Amida
Diyarbakir
175, 193, 194, 197, 198
Dome of the Rock, Damascus
93
donor images
90, 91, 94–95, 112, 113–115, 116, 139–140, 140, 144, 153, 154, 165, 166, 167–168.
supplicant images
Doubting Thomas
165
Doughty, Charles
244, 245
Dyke, Henry van
238–239, 240
Eirene Komnene, Empress
66
Elias Bar Shinaya of Nisibis
194, 195
Enlart, Camille
208–210, 224
Euphemia, wife of Ioannes Romanites
122, 124, 129
Euthymios, monk and tailor
129
Eutychius of Alexandria
195, 197
Falier, Doge Ordelaffo
71, 79
Falier, Doge Vitale
55, 70, 70, 71
Fatimid
11, 142, 144, 151, 232
Ferrier, Joseph Philippe
247–248
Flood, Finbarr Barry
187
Forsyth, George
34
Forty Martyrs of Sebaste
151
Fraser, James
249
French Mandate, Beirut
205, 206, 207, 222, 223, 232
Futuhat al-ʿIraq (Conquest of Iraq), Copenhagen, National Library, Cod. Arab
190–194
Gabriel, Alfons and Agnes
249
Garden, Robert J.
186
Gatt, Georg
240
George Synglitikos
127
girih
13, 265, 274, 275, 276, 283
Godfrey de Bouillon
91
Goitein, Shelomo
6
Gombosi, Giorgio
61
Gospel Book, Library of the Coptic Patriarchate, Cairo, Bibl. no. 196
, 148–150
Grabar, Oleg
268, 276, 281, 283, 284
Gradenigo, Doge Bartolomeo
73
Great ʿUmari Mosque, Beirut
12, 205–237, 206, 207, 209, 217, 220
Great (Umayyad) Mosque, Damascus
175, 187, 196, 212, 218
Great Mosque, Cordoba
197
Grivaud, Gilles
111, 121
Hagia Sophia/St. Sophia, church of, Constantinople
51–52, 78
Haidar, Youssef
227–229
Hallaq, Hassan
229–230, 232, 233
Hamadhani, Ibn al-Faqih
250
Hamilton Psalter, Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett 78.A9
29–31, 30
Heraclius, Emperor
176, 184
Herzner, Volker
59, 60, 61
Hibatallah of Gurgan
183
Hodegon Monastery, Constantinople
51
Hoffman, Eva
5
Holy Apostles, church of the, Constantinople
10, 56, 58, 65, 67, 74–76, 77
Holy Cross, church of the, Pelendri
165–167, 166
Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem
93, 101, 195
Homilies of James Kokkinobaphos: Vatican Library, MS gr. 1162; Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 1208
75
Horden, Peregrine
6
Hosios Loukas (Stiris), Phocis
21, 49
Hourihane, Colum
5
Hunter, Captain Frederick Mercer
250–252
Ibn al-Bawwab
243
Ibn al-Hufi
146
Ibn Jubayr, Muhammad ibn Ahmad
196
Ibrahim ibn Salih
246–247
“Idea” relief, Castello Sforzesco, Civiche Raccolte d’Arte, Milan
29, 29
Innocent IV, Pope
64
Innsbruck Plate
3
Ioannes Romanites
129
Ioannes Xenos
129
Ioannes, monk
120
Isaac Komnenos
68
Ishac, woodworker
146
Istanbul
190, 215, 221, 224.
Constantinople
Jabarti, ʿAbd al-Rahman al-
259
Jacoff, Michael
79
Jacopo da Verona
167
ʿJami al- Bahr (Sea Mosque), Beirut
214–215
Jerusalem
89, 90, 91, 100, 101, 195, 197, 259
John and Irene of Moutoullas
137, 140, 160
John Chrysostom
76
John Chrysostom’s commentary on Matthew, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 668
120
John II Komnenos, Emperor
66
John I Tzimiskes, Emperor
28
John Kappadox
127
John Lampadistes, Saint
118, 119, 120, 130
John Montolif
127
John of Lusignan
165
John Xenos of Crete, Saint
128
Kabala, Irene
93, 94
Kingdom of Jerusalem
55, 89, 90, 91, 100, 163
Klemes, monk
120–121
Kondakov, Nikodim Pavlovich
47
Kotlov, L. N.
244
Kuran, Aptulah
186
Kurd ʿAli, Muhammad
239
Kykkos Monastery, Cyprus
129–131
Lamei, Saleh
212
Lane-Poole, Stanley
259
Last Judgment
67, 93, 94, 97, 112
Last Supper
96
Lauffray, Jean
224
Lavaudieu Abbey, France
94
Lawrence, T. E.
243
Lazarev, Viktor
45
Leontios Makhairas
163
Lurcy-le-Bourg, France
91
Macridy, Theodore
77
Madrid Chronicle of John Skylitzes, Bib. Nac. Vitr.26.2
28–29, 29
maiestas domini
93, 97, 98, 101
Makhairas (Machairas) Monastery, Cyprus
, 25, 26, 110, 117, 163
Malik Shah, Sultan
177, 180, 187
Mamluk(s)
150, 205, 206, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 224, 228, 229, 231, 232
Mansur of Antioch
146
Mar Charbel (St. Charbel), Maʿad
153, 154, 158
Mar Phokas, Amioun/Amiun
19, 20, 20, 137, 138, 155
Mar Saba (St. Saba), Eddé al-Batrun
155–156, 156
Mar Tadros (St. Theodore), Bahdeidat
155, 156–158, 157
Maria Comnena/Komnene
139
Marian Confraternity at Naupaktos, charter of, (Tabularium, no. 1, Tesoro, Cappella Palatina, Palermo)
9, 19–32, 22
Marks, Laura
268, 278
Maronite(s)
141, 153, 155, 156, 158, 159
Martin da Canal
62, 64, 77
Masʿudi, Abu al-Hasan ʿAli al-
196
Mathews, Thomas
64
Matthew of Edessa
185
Maxwell, Gavin
252
McCoan, James
260
Melisende Psalter, British Library, MS Egerton 1139
97
Melkite(s)
11, 137, 141, 142, 150, 154, 159
Menologion of Basil II, Vatican Library, MS gr. 1613
75
Methodios, Patriarch
31
Metochites, Theodore
67
Michael III, Emperor
31
Michael the Syrian
152, 195
Michiel, Dogaressa Felicitas
70, 71, 71
Michiel, Doge Domenico
71
Michiel, Doge Vitale
71
Mitchell, William J. Thomas
20
Mordtmann, Andreas David
191–192
Morosini, Dogaressa Romenica
73
Morosini, Doge Marino
61, 62, 64, 72, 73, 80
Mother of God Kykkotissa, icon, Cyprus
130–131
Mother of God Machairiotissa, mosaic icon, Cyprus
25, 26
Muʿallaqa, church of al-, Cairo
148, 149, 150, 152
Mufti of the Republic (Shaykh Muhammed Rashid Qabbani), Beirut
226–229, 231
Mughultay al-Husni
212
Muhammad ʿAli
244
Muhammed al-Amin Mosque, Beirut
222, 229
Musa, son of al-Zayni Musallam
212
Mushkin Kalam
244
Mustafa al-Asbaʿi
243, 244
Nabulsi, ʿAbd al-Ghani al-
, 214, 215, 218
Nafpaktos
9
Nahiya, Coptic monastery, Egypt
, 151
Nasir-I Khusraw
185
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein
268
Nativity, church of the, Bethlehem
97
Naupaktetissa/Nafpaktitissa
9, 21–22, 22, 24
Necipoğlu, Gülru
269
Neophytos, Saint
109–110 111
Nicholas Mesarites
75
Nicolaou-Konnari, Angel
129
Niebuhr, Barthol Georg
191–192
Niero, Antonio
74
Nikephoros II Phokas, Emperor
120
Nonantola Abbey, Italy
94
Old Testament: Genesis (Creation)
58, 60,
(Abraham)
60, 96,
(Joseph)
58, 60,
61; Exodus (Moses)
58, 60, 61
Ottoman(s)
74, 121, 180, 184, 205, 206, 207, 213, 214, 215, 218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 228, 229, 230, 232, 239, 253
Ouspensky, Bishop Porphyrios
33
Ousterhout, Robert
67, 68
Pala d’Oro, San Marco, Venice
79
Palace of the Boukoleon, Constantinople
51
Palermo
9, 19, 24, 25
Panagia Angeloktistos, Kiti
115
Panagia Phorbiotissa, church of the, Asinou
111–114, 112, 117, 120, 121, 129, 130, 131, 161, 162, 167
Panagia tou Arakou (tou Arakos), church of the, Lagoudera
48, 49, 160
Panagia, church of the, Moutoullas
137, 140
Pantokrator Monastery, Constantinople
52, 66
parekklesion/parekklesia
10, 67, 68, 80
Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 280
121
Partecipazio, Doge Giustiniano
55
Pentcheva, Bissera
47–49, 51
Peter II, King of Cyprus
125, 165
Pherrai Monastery, Thrace
68
Philip of Ibelin
137, 138, 139
Philip, unknown Crusader
19, 20.
Philip of Ibelin
Polani, Doge Pietro
72
Polyeleotissa Monastery, Cyprus
121
Possidius
90, 92, 93
Presentation in the Temple
154
Purcell, Nicholas
6
Pushkin Madonna, State Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow
4, 45, 46, 47, 51, 52
Qudsi, Elias
240
Raby, Julian
188
Radoslav I, King of Serbia
68
Raymond, Candice
230
Razi, ʿIsa ibn Ahmad al-
197
Redford, Scott
3
Regina Coeli
.
see Virgin as Queen of Heaven Reilly, James
232
Resurrection, church of the, Jerusalem
195
Rice, Edward Wilbur
259–260
Roger II, King of Sicily
26
Rome
63, 65, 101
Rustom, Joseph
227
S. Cipriano, monastery of, Murano
72
S. Clemente, church of, Rome
65
S. Giorgio Maggiore, monastic church of, Venice
71
S. Ilario, monastic church of, Venice
71
S. Lorenzo in Lucina, church of, Rome
65
S. Maria Antiqua, church of, Rome
65
S. Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, church of, Venice
73
S. Maria in Cosmedin, church of, Rome
66
S. Pietro di Castello, church of, Venice
63
S. Zacaria, monastic church of, Venice
71
Sadid Abu al-Fadaʾil, Shaykh al-
146, 151
Saliba, monk
152
Salibi, Kamal
213
Salih b. Yahya, Buhturid amir
211
San Marco, church of, Venice
10, 55–88, 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 70, 71
Sayyid Ahmad b. ʿIzz al-Din, al-
214
Scarpa, Jacopo
64
Seljuk(s)
7, 153, 176, 177, 180, 185, 186, 187, 189
Selvo, Doge Domenico
70
Seven principal feasts, gilded icon
146
Sheil, Lady Mary
260–261
Simonin, Crak des Chevaliers, Syria
155, 167
Sinai icon collection
33–34
Solidere, Beirut
225–229, 231–233
Soranzo, Doge Giovanni
73
Sotiriou, George and Maria
33, 34, 44, 47.
spolia
10, 12, 57, 59, 62, 78, 180–181, 185, 186, 188–189, 210
SS. Giovanni e Paolo (S. Zanipolo), church of, Venice
72, 73
St. Alipios, mosaic, church of San Marco Venice
61
St. Barbara, church of, Cairo
148
St. George Mangana, monastery of, Cyprus
110
St. George, church of, Amida
189
St. George, mural icon, church of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Asinou
111, 112, 113
St. George, wall painting, church of Mar Tadros, Bahdeidat
156
St. Herakleidios (katholikon), Kalopanagiotis
117, 118, 119, 130, 131, 163
St. John Lampadistes, monastery of, Kalopanagiotis
115, 117, 120
St John Philby, Harry
246–247
St. John the Baptist, church of, Damascus
187, 196
St. John, cathedral of (Crusader Church), Beirut
12, 208–210, 211, 223, 225, 231
St. John, icons, church of St. Herakleidos, Kalopanagiotis
118, 119
St. Mamas, mural icon, church of Mar Sabas, Eddé al-Batrun
155
St. Margaret Agros, monastery of, Cyprus
110
St. Mary of the Admiral, church of, Palermo
69
St. Mary Pammakaristos (Fethiye Cami), Constantinople
66, 67
St. Mercurius (Abu Sefein), church of, Cairo
142–144, 143, 145, 146–147, 147, 148
St. Mercurius, monastery of, Tamwaih
151
St. Neophytos, enkleistra of, Paphos
109–110, 111, 127
St. Nicholas in Haret Zuwayla, church of, Cairo
151
St. Nicholas of the Roof, church of, Kakopetria
115–117, 116, 118, 120, 128, 131, 163
St. Nicholas, icon, Byzantine Museum of Archbishop Makarios III, Nicosia
115, 118, 128, 163, 164
St. Panteleimon, church of, Nerezi
67
St. Peter’s, church of, Rome
65, 75
St. Philip, mural icon, church of Mar Phokas, Amioun/Amiun
19, 20, 137, 138
St. Sergius, icon, monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
158
St. Theodore, wall painting, church of Mar Tadros, Bahdeidat
156
St. Thomas, church of, Amida
176, 190, 192.
Diyarbakir Cathedral
St. Vincent, church of, Cordoba
197
Stavros o Phaneromenos, monastery of, Cyprus
163
Stavrovouni Monastery, Cyprus
117
Stefan Nemanja, grand župan of Serbia
68
Strube, Christine
64
Studenica Monastery, Serbia
68
Stylianou, Andreas and Judith
117
Suad al-Humaidi, Shaikha
227
Summers, David
25
supplicant images
137, 138, 139, 144, 153, 155, 155, 156, 156, 157, 158, 161, 162, 165, 166, 167–168.
donor images
Synaxarion, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 1588
120–129, 123, 126, 130
Synaxarion, Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS gr. 1590
111, 121
Syrian Orthodox Church
141, 152, 153, 158, 159, 188, 189, 195
Tabbaa, Yasser
268, 281, 282, 283
Taha al-Wali, Shaykh
230–231
tetrarchs, porphyry statues, church of San Marco, Venice
78
Thebes
9, 19, 24, 26
Theodora Palaiologina, Empress
66, 77
Theodora, Empress
31
Theodotus, monk and bishop of Diyarbakir
189
Theophanes
195
Theophilos
161
Tiepolo, Doge Jacopo
72–73
Tiepolo, Doge Lorenzo
73
Tikkanen, J. J.
58
Transfiguration, church of the, Sotera
139
Translatio Sancti Nicolai
75
Triumph of Orthodoxy, icon, British Museum
30, 31
Udabno Monastery, Georgia
96, 98
Ulu Cami (Great Mosque), Diyarbakir
12, 175–204, 178, 179, 181, 182, 183, 187, 188
ʿUmar b. al-Khattab, Caliph
205, 231
ʿUmar, Covenant of
195, 197, 198
Umayyad
197, 225, 230, 232
Urban II, pope
7
Venice
10, 55, 58, 72, 74, 75, 77, 80
Venice, cathedral of
.
see S. Pietro di Castello, church of, Venice
verbal theology
277, 282, 283
Virgin and Child Enthroned with angels, prophets, apostles, monks, and prelates, wall painting, church of St. George, St. Mercurius, Cairo
148
Virgin and Child, gilded icon bought by Patriarch Anba Sabas ibn al-Layth
151
Virgin and Child Hodegetria Dexiokratousa, icon, Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
35, 38–41, 40
Virgin and Child Hodegetria Dexiokratousa, mosaic icon, Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
37, 38, 39, 41, 43, 47–51, 52
Virgin and Child Hodegetria on a lyre-backed throne, with angels, icon, Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
37–38, 41–47, 42, 51, 52
Virgin and Child Hodegetria with angels, icon, Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
35, 36, 37–38
Virgin and Child Hodegetria, icon, Hodegon Monastery, Constantinople
21, 23, 51
Virgin and Child, mural icon, Panagia Phorbiotissa, Asinou
112, 113, 161
Virgin and scenes from the life of Christ, icon, Monastery of St. Catherine, Sinai
27, 28
Virgin as Queen of Heaven
9, 46, 47, 50–51, 52
Virgin Blachernitissa between two archangels, church of al-Muʿallaqa, Cairo
148, 149, 150
Virgin Hagiosoritissa, icon, Museo Diocesano, Palermo
26, 27
Virgin in Haret al-Rum, church of the, Cairo
146
Virgin in Haret Zuwayla, church of the, Cairo
148
visual theology
277, 282, 283
Vocotopoulos, Panagiotes
44
Walid I, Caliph al-
176, 196, 197
Walker, Alicia
99
waqf properties, Beirut
207, 219–220, 223
Watzinger, Carl
196
Weitzmann, Kurt
9, 33–41
Wellsted, James
251
Wharton, Annabel
76
William of Tyre
91
Wilson, Charles Thomas
254–255
Wulzinger, Karl
196
Ziani, Doge Pietro
80
Zuqnin Chronicle
184