Figures
5.1 A general framework for addressing land-sea interaction 142
5.2 Overview of natural and social science perspectives and the ecosystem approach 148
7.1 The ecosystem-based approach in the ‘ideal situation’ 204
7.2 The ecosystem-based approach with an unfortunate start 205
7.3 Natura 2000 regime: achieving the conservation objectives and restoring the ideal situation for implementing the ecosystem-based approach 208
7.4 Humans as part of the ecosystem 213
9.1 Windfarm proposals 268
9.2 Corporates methodology 273
Maps
4.1 Catchment areas in Sweden as divided through the transpositioning of the WFD 125
4.2 Swedish marine management areas as divided through the transpositioning of the MSFD 128
4.3 Map of the Swedish proposed national MSP areas and coastal municipalities 131
4.4 The Swedish marine areas as divided through the three directives 133
Tables
2.1 Criteria for analysing resilience and adaptive capacity of legal instruments 30
5.1 Convention on Biological Diversity: Ecosystem Approach Principles 146
5.2 Ocean Literacy Principles 153
6.1 Analytical framework showing links between integration, sustainable development (SD) and ecosystem approach (EA) 167
6.2 The Malawi principles for the ecosystem approach 170
6.3 The timing and setup of the MSP processes in Lithuania and Latvia 177