The genetic and biological basis of residual feed intake as a measure of feed efficiency

J.M. Young; J.C.M. Dekkers

The genetic and biological basis of residual feed intake as a measure of feed efficiency

In: Feed efficiency in swine

Authors:

J.M. Young

J.M. Young Animal Science, Iowa State University, 239 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3150, USA; jdekkers@iastate.edu

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J.C.M. Dekkers

J.C.M. Dekkers Animal Science, Iowa State University, 239 Kildee Hall, Ames, IA 50011-3150, USA; jdekkers@iastate.edu

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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 153–166

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.3920/9789086867561_009

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Feed efficiency traditionally has been evaluated either using a feed to gain ratio or a gain to feed ratio. Starting in 1963 with Koch, a new manner of looking at feed efficiency came into play and has become increasingly important. Koch adjusted feed consumed for gain and mid-weight in order to evaluate residual feed intake (RFI) of individual animals. Animals with a more negative residual feed intake are more efficient. Many studies have been performed in order to get a better understanding of the biological basis behind RFI. Studies have been conducted to compare animals differing in RFI to evaluate differences in traits such as total feed intake, growth and other performance traits, meat quality, behavior, and digestibility. At Iowa State University, two selection lines of pigs have been developed which differ in RFI as a resource population to study the biological and physiological basis of feed intake and efficiency. The purpose of this chapter is to summarize the main findings from this selection experiment in terms of the genetic and biological basis of RFI in growing pigs. RFI was found to be moderately heritable (0.29±0.07) and responded well to selection. Selection for decreased RFI resulted in pigs that ate less, are leaner, grow slower, eat faster, have lower maintenance requirements, and have better gut integrity. No detrimental effects were found for meat quality, litter size, litter performance, or response to PRRS infection.

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Feed efficiency in swine

E-Book ISBN:: 9789086867561

Publisher:: Wageningen Academic

Print Publication Date:: 15 Nov 2012

Subjects
- Life Sciences
  - General
  - Animal & Veterinary

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The genetic and biological basis of residual feed intake as a measure of feed efficiency

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Feed efficiency in swine

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