1 Studies on land rent—frequency 1970–2021 69
2 US—corporate profits before tax by industry—share % (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 110
3 US—real private fixed investment in structures by type, quantity indexes—share % (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 111
4 US—private fixed investment in structures by type—share % (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 112
5 US—corporate rate of profit (%) (Kliman-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 114
6 US—aggregate rate of profit—private sector (Kliman-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 115
7 US—sectoral profit rates (Kliman-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 116
8 US—general rate of profit (%) (Roberts-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 119
9 US—sectoral rates of profit (Roberts-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 120
10 US—aggregate rate of profit (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 121
11 US—aggregate rate of profit—private sector (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 122
12 US—corporate rate of profit (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 123
13 US—sectoral rate of profit (%, current costs) (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 124
14 US—sectoral rate of profit (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 126
15 US industries—incremental rates of profit (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 128
16 US industries—incremental rates of profit (Shaikh-inspired)—simplified (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 129
17 US industries—incremental rates of profit (Shaikh-inspired) (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 131
18 Baltimore metropolitan area business income (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 133
19 US—sectoral organic composition of capital (Source: BEA online database (my calculation)) 134
20 US—annual value of construction put in place, current US dollars (Source: Census Bureau (my calculation)) 136
21 US—annual value of construction put in place, current US dollars (Source: Census Bureau (my calculation)) 137
22 US—annual value of construction put in place, current US dollars (Source: Census Bureau (my calculation)) 138
23 US—annual value of construction put in place, current US dollars (Source: Census Bureau (my calculation)) 139
24 Swedish sectoral organic composition of capital 1993–2018 (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 145
25 Swedish aggregate, corporate, and non-financial rates of return, 1980–2019 (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 150
26 Swedish total and non-financial rates of return (alternative calculation), 1950–2019 (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 151
27 Swedish total and sectoral rates of return 1993–2019 (Source: OECD online database (my calculation)) 152
28 Swedish financial rates of return, 1980–2019 (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 153
29 Share of construction, manufacturing, and finance in Swedish gross fixed capital formation (Source: SCB Yearbooks 1991, 230, Table 255; 1996: 235, Table 269 (my calculation)) 155
30 Swedish manufacturing sector, output, compensations, unit labor cost, 1950–2018, 2010 = 100 (Source: CBT online database (my calculation)) 157
31 Swedish compensation of employees (growth rate) 1981–2018 (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 158
32 Swedish household income growth, savings ratio, debt ratio, interest ratio (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 159
33 Dwellings in completed buildings (number of units) (Source: SCB BO, 1990: 50 and BO, 1995: 42 (my calculation)) 161
34 Swedish average land costs per square meter for dwellings in multi-dwelling buildings with granted government aid (Source: SCB BO, 1995) 163
35 Swedish construction cost index (excluding wage drift and VAT) for multi-dwelling buildings (1968 = 100) by type of expenditure (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 164
36 Swedish revenues for dwellings 1980–2015, SEK per square meter dwelling space, constant prices (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 165
37 Swedish housing rents and general price level 1969–2000 (1969 = 100) (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 166
38 Vacant dwellings available to Let, 1 March 1981–2003, 1 September 2004–2009, municipal housing companies and private bodies (Source: SCB online database (my calculation)) 167
39 Swedish industries’ incremental rates of profit 1993–2017 (Source: OECD online database (my calculation)) 169
40 Malmö—tenure types in multi-dwelling buildings 1990–2022 (Source: SCB (my calculation)) 181
41 Malmö—number of adequately sized apartments per household size 2015–2021 (Source: SCB and Malmö Municipality (my calculation)) 184
42 Number of all available adequately sized housing (apartments and houses) per household size, 2015–2021 (Source: SCB and Malmö Municipality (my calculation)) 185
43 Malmö—number of people by tenure 2012–2022 (Source: SCB (my calculation)) 186
44 Sweden and Greater Malmö—real estate price index for one- and two-dwelling buildings for permanent living (1980 = 100) 1986–2022 (Source: SCB (my calculation)) 187
45 Malmö—average living area per person (Source: Boverket’s interactive Segregationsbarometern, https://segregationsbarometern.boverket.se/ (accessed 27 May 2024) (my modification)) 188
46 Malmö—disposable income per unit of consumption (median) (Source: Boverket’s interactive Segregationsbarometern, https://segregationsbarometern.boverket.se/ (accessed 27 May 2024) (my modification)) 189
47 Iran—government final expenditure by type (%) (Source: CBI (2013a) (my calculation)) 197
48 Iran—organic composition of capital (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 200
49 Iran—private sector’s gross fixed capital formation in machinery by sector, constant 2004/2005 prices (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 201
50 Iran gross fixed capital formation in machinery by sector, current prices 1959–1974 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 202
51 Iran gross fixed capital formation in machinery by sector, current prices 1974–1990 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 203
52 Iran gross fixed capital formation in machinery by sector, current prices 1990–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 204
53 Iran—aggregate rate of profit 1974–2014 (Source: CBI (2016) (my calculation)) 205
54 Iran—aggregate rate of profit with/out compensation of employees (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 207
55 Iran—sectoral profit rates 1974–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 208
56 Iran—manufacturing profit rate 1974–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 209
57 Iran—sectoral profit rates, selected years (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 210
58 Iran—incremental profit rates 1974–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 211
59 Iran—incremental profit rates, manufacturing sector 1974–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 212
60 Iran—incremental profit rates, real estate business 1974–2013 (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 213
61 Iran—private sector’s gross fixed capital formation in machinery and construction 1959–2013, constant prices (2004/2005) (Source: CBI (2013b) (my calculation)) 214
62 Iran—private sector’s investment in new buildings in urban areas 1963–2017 (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 215
63 Iran—private sector’s investment in new buildings in urban areas 1974–1995 (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 216
64 Iran—construction permits in urban areas 1975–2017, thousands of square meters (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 217
65 Iran—construction permits in urban areas 1975–2017 number of units (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 218
66 Iran—residential units completed by the private sector in urban areas 1975–2017, thousands of square meters (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 219
67 Iran—residential units completed by the private sector in urban areas 1975–2017, number of units (Source: SCI (2020) (my calculation)) 220
68 Iran—share of sectors in GDP (%) (Source: CBI (2013a) (my calculation)) 222
69 Iran—share of sectors in GNP (%) (Source: CBI (2013a) (my calculation)) 223
70 Iran—household employment by sector (Source: CBI (2013a) (my calculation)) 224
71 Location of three townships in Tehran Province 227
72 The physical condition of Mehr Housing Programs buildings. Examples from two townships near Tehran. From top left clockwise: 1) A Mehr Block in Parand Township, 2) and 3) Two Mehr Blocks in Abshenasan Township, 4) a non-Mehr Block in Parand Township 229
73 Housing prices in Tehran (Source: Yousefi and Farahani (2022)) 234