Johannine Studies Revisited: Current Research and the Intersection of John the Baptist and Fourth Gospel Intertextuality

Amber M. Dillon

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Chapter 1 Johannine Studies Revisited

Current Research and the Intersection of John the Baptist and Fourth Gospel Intertextuality

In: John the Baptist and Composite Intertextuality in the Fourth Gospel

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Amber M. Dillon

Amber M. Dillon
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Type:: Chapter

Pages:: 1–41

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004759701_002

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Abstract

In Chapter 1, I establish the need for a study such as this as I consider major fields of Johannine research: Judaism in the Fourth Gospel, the Evangelist’s intertextuality, and John the Baptist. While typically considered separately, I introduce the gap between these discussions and proposed that there is a crucial intersection point that joins them together and allows each to speak to one another. Namely, the relationship between intertextuality and Judaism in the Fourth Gospel can be found in the Evangelist’s portrayal of the Baptist. This multi-faceted approach aims to reveal the intricate use of Scripture by the Evangelist and helps make more sense of how John the Baptist functions in the Gospel. I also define intertextuality, specifying the differences between allusion, metaphor, and symbol, engaging with scholars such as Richard Hays, Susan Hylen, Craig Koester, and Catrin Williams. Not only do I contend that the Baptist’s characterization is the key to the intertextual method of the author, I also detail the nature of that method as composite allusions, using the work of Adams and Ehorn on composite citations as a guide, along with Williams’s work on the Fourth Gospel. To firmly establish my research, I also introduce the forthcoming intranarrative development in the Gospel, maintaining that subsequent characters carry forth the themes woven together in the Baptist’s initial characterization through composite scriptural allusions. I introduce the research question and the need for such an examination with the intention to draw implications for the Fourth Gospel’s relationship to Judaism, as both οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι and the Baptist surface at a crucial moment in the narrative.

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John the Baptist and Composite Intertextuality in the Fourth Gospel

The Evangelist's Archetypal Witness

Series: Biblical Interpretation Series, Volume: 237

Cover John the Baptist and Composite Intertextuality in the Fourth Gospel

E-Book ISBN:: 9789004759701

Publisher:: Brill

Print Publication Date:: 05 Mar 2026

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Chapter 1 Johannine Studies Revisited

Current Research and the Intersection of John the Baptist and Fourth Gospel Intertextuality

Abstract

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John the Baptist and Composite Intertextuality in the Fourth Gospel

The Evangelist's Archetypal Witness

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