Chapter 16 Tuber spp., the true truffles
于MushroomologySearch for other papers by Bang Feng in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Purchase instant access (PDF download and unlimited online access):
Many species from the genus Tuber (true truffles) are famous delicacies. Many studies have illustrated the genetic and chemical bases of truffles’ distinctive aroma, which is the most important reason for their popularity. Because of their high economic value, truffles have been cultivated for a long time, with the earliest attempts dating back to the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The theoretical background of truffle cultivation, such as the ectomycorrhizal symbiotic relationship between truffles and host plants, the reproductive system of truffles and their life cycle, has been extensively explored at different times during the long history of truffle cultivation, utilizing multidisciplinary approaches such as anatomy, genotyping, and whole genome sequencing. Based on these studies, truffle cultivation has evolved from experiential to theoretical and many standardized processes have been established. To date, truffles have been successfully cultivated on several continents, whether they are natively distributed. However, the development of truffle cultivation is uneven across the continents, with Europe and Oceania being better developed while other regions lagging. Similarly, the development of the cultivation of different truffle species is uneven, with one of the best-known species, T. magnatum, still having very limited success in cultivation outside of its native distribution range. Many aspects of truffle biology, including the origin and persistence of male gametes, the timing of fertilization, and their relationship to associated bacteria, deserve further exploration, which will help to better develop truffle cultivation.
Andrés-Alpuente, A., Sánchez, S., Martín, M., Aguirre, Á.J., Barriuso, J.J., 2014. Comparative analysis of different methods for evaluating quality of Quercus ilex seedlings inoculated with Tuber melanosporum. Mycorrhiza 24, 29–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-014-0563-x
Bach, C., Beacco, P., Cammaletti, P., Babel-Chen, Z., Levesque, E., Todesco, F., Cotton, C., Robin, B., Murat, C., 2021. First production of Italian white truffle (Tuber magnatum Pico) ascocarps in an orchard outside its natural range distribution in France. Mycorrhiza 31, 383–388. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-01013-2
Barbieri, E., Ceccaroli, P., Saltarelli, R., Guidi, C., Potenza, L., Basaglia, M., Fontana, F., Baldan, E., Casella, S., Ryahi, O., Zambonelli, A., Stocchi, V., 2010. New evidence for nitrogen fixation within the Italian white truffle Tuber magnatum. Fungal Biology 114, 936–942. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.funbio.2010.09.001
Beara, I.N., Lesjak, M.M., Četojević-Simin, D.D., Marjanović, Ž.S., Ristić, J.D., Mrkonjić, Z.O., Mimica-Dukić, N.M., 2014. Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of black (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) and white (Tuber magnatum Pico) truffles. Food Chemistry 165, 460–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.05.116
Belfiori, B., Riccioni, C., Paolocci, F., Rubini, A., 2016. Characterization of the reproductive mode and life cycle of the whitish truffle T. borchii. Mycorrhiza 26, 515–527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0689-0
Belfiori, B., Riccioni, C., Paolocci, F., Rubini, A., 2013. Mating type locus of Chinese black truffles reveals heterothallism and the presence of cryptic species within the T. indicum species complex. PLoS ONE 8, e82353. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082353
Berch, S.M., 2020. Advances in the Cultivation of Truffles in Canada, in: Pérez-Moreno, J., Guerin-Laguette, A., Flores Arzú, R., Yu, F.-Q. (Eds.), Mushrooms, Humans and Nature in a Changing World: Perspectives from Ecological, Agricultural and Social Sciences. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 287–296. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37378-8_10
Beuchat, L., Brenneman, T., Dove, C., 1993. Composition of the pecan truffle (Tuber texense). Food Chemistry 46, 189–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(93)90035-E
Bonito, G., Smith, M.E., Nowak, M., Healy, R.A., Guevara, G., Cázares, E., Kinoshita, A., Nouhra, E.R., Domínguez, L.S., Tedersoo, L., Murat, C., Wang, Y., Moreno, B.A., Pfister, D.H., Nara, K., Zambonelli, A., Trappe, J.M., Vilgalys, R., 2013. Historical biogeography and diversification of truffles in the Tuberaceae and their newly identified Southern Hemisphere sister lineage. PLoS ONE 8, e52765. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0052765
Bonito, G.M., Gryganskyi, A.P., Trappe, J.M., Vilgalys, R., 2010. A global meta-analysis of Tuber ITS rDNA sequences: species diversity, host associations and long-distance dispersal. Molecular Ecology 19, 4994–5008. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04855.x
Chen, J., De La Varga, H., Todesco, F., Beacco, P., Martino, E., Le Tacon, F., Murat, C., 2021. Frequency of the two mating types in the soil under productive and non-productive trees in five French orchards of the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.). Mycorrhiza 31, 361–369. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-020-01011-4
Chevalier, G., Sourzat, P., 2012. Soils and Techniques for Cultivating Tuber melanosporum and Tuber aestivum in Europe, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms, Soil Biology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 163–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_10
Culleré, L., Ferreira, V., Chevret, B., Venturini, M.E., Sánchez-Gimeno, A.C., Blanco, D., 2010. Characterisation of aroma active compounds in black truffles (Tuber melanosporum) and summer truffles (Tuber aestivum) by gas chromatography–olfactometry. Food Chemistry 122, 300–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.02.024
Culleré, L., Ferreira, V., Venturini, M.E., Marco, P., Blanco, D., 2013. Potential aromatic compounds as markers to differentiate between Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum truffles. Food Chemistry 141, 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.027
De la Varga, H., Le Tacon, F., Lagoguet, M., Todesco, F., Varga, T., Miquel, I., Barry-Etienne, D., Robin, C., Halkett, F., Martin, F., Murat, C., 2017. Five years investigation of female and male genotypes in périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.) revealed contrasted reproduction strategies: Black truffle genetic structure. Environmental Microbiology 19, 2604–2615. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13735
Du, X.-H., Yang, Z.L., 2021. Mating systems in true morels (Morchella). Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 85. https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00220-20
Fan, L., Li, T., Xu, Y.Y., Yan, X.Y., 2022. Species diversity, phylogeny, endemism and geography of the truffle genus Tuber in China based on morphological and molecular data. Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 48, 175–202. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2022.48.05
Fassi, B., Fontana, A., 1967. Sintesi micorrizica tra Pinus strobus e Tuber maculatum - I. Micorrize e sviluppo dei semenzali nel secondo anno. Allionia 13, 177–186.
Fischer, C., Oliach, D., Bonet, J.A., Colinas, C., 2017. Best practices for cultivation of truffles. Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia, Solsona, Spain, Yaşama Dair Vakıf.
Frank, B., 1885. Ueber die auf Wurzelsymbiose beruhende Ernährung gewisser Bäume durch unterirdische Pilze. Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft 3, 128–145. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1885.tb04240.x
Frizzi, G., Lalli, G., Miranda, M., Pacioni, G., 2001. Intraspecific isozyme variability in Italian populations of the white truffle Tuber magnatum. Mycological Research 105, 365–369. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953756201003513
Geng, L.-Y., Wang, X.-H., Yu, F.-Q., Deng, X.-J., Tian, X.-F., Shi, X.-F., Xie, X.-D., Liu, P.-G., Shen, Y.-Y., 2009. Mycorrhizal synthesis of Tuber indicum with two indigenous hosts, Castanea mollissima and Pinus armandii. Mycorrhiza 19, 461–467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-009-0247-0
Guo, T., Wei, L., Sun, J., Hou, C., Fan, L., 2011. Antioxidant activities of extract and fractions from Tuber indicum Cooke & Massee. Food Chemistry 127, 1634–1640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.02.030
Hall, I., Fitzpatrick, N., Miros, P., Zambonelli, A., 2017. Counter-season cultivation of truffles in the Southern Hemisphere: an update. Italian Journal of Mycology 46, 21–36. https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2531-7342/6794
Hall, I.R., Brown, G., Zambonelli, A., 2008. Taming the Truffle: The History, Lore, and Science of the Ultimate Mushroom. Timber Press, Portland (Or.).
Hall, I.R., Haslam, W., 2012. Truffle Cultivation in the Southern Hemisphere, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects, Soil Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 191–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_11
Hall, I.R., Zambonelli, A., 2012. Laying the Foundations, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects, Soil Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_1
Harki, E., Bouya, D., Dargent, R., 2006. Maturation-associated alterations of the biochemical characteristics of the black truffle Tuber melanosporum Vitt. Food Chemistry 99, 394–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.08.030
Hou, Z., Xia, R., Li, Y., Xu, H., Wang, Y., Feng, Y., Pan, S., Wang, Z., Ren, H., Qian, G., Wang, H., Zhu, J., Xin, G., 2024. Key components, formation pathways, affecting factors, and emerging analytical strategies for edible mushrooms aroma: A review. Food Chemistry 438, 137993. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137993
Hu, H.T., Wang, Y., Hu, B.Y., 2005. Cultivation of Tuber formosanum on limed soil in Taiwan. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 33, 363–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/01140671.2005.9514371
Huang, L.-L., Wang, Y.-L., Guerin-Laguette, A., Wang, R., Zhang, P., Li, Y.-M., Yu, F.-Q., 2022. Ectomycorrhizal synthesis between two Tuber species and six tree species: are different host-fungus combinations having dissimilar impacts on host plant growth? Mycorrhiza 32, 341–351. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-022-01081-6
Iotti, M., Leonardi, M., Lancellotti, E., Salerni, E., Oddis, M., Leonardi, P., Perini, C., Pacioni, G., Zambonelli, A., 2014. Spatio-temporal dynamic of Tuber magnatum mycelium in natural truffle grounds. PLOS ONE 9, e115921. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115921
Iotti, M., Piattoni, F., Leonardi, P., Hall, I.R., Zambonelli, A., 2016. First evidence for truffle production from plants inoculated with mycelial pure cultures. Mycorrhiza 26, 793–798. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0703-6
Iotti, M., Piattoni, F., Zambonelli, A., 2012. Techniques for Host Plant Inoculation with Truffles and Other Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects, Soil Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 145–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_9
Le Tacon, F., Rubini, A., Murat, C., Riccioni, C., Robin, C., Belfiori, B., Zeller, B., De la Varga, H., Akroume, E., Deveau, A., Martin, F., Paolocci, F., 2016. Certainties and uncertainties about the life cycle of the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.). Annals of Forest Science 73, 105–117. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-015-0461-1
Lee, J.-M., Eom, A.-H., 2022. Mycorrhization of Quercus acutissima with Tuber borchii and Tuber melanosporum. The Korean Journal of Mycology 50, 275–280. https://doi.org/10.4489/KJM.20220029
Lefevre, C., 2012. Native and Cultivated Truffles of North America, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects, Soil Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 209–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_12
Lemmond, B., Sow, A., Bonito, G., Smith, M.E., 2023. Accidental cultivation of the European truffle Tuber brumale in North American truffle orchards. Mycorrhiza 33, 221–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-023-01114-8
Leonardi, M., Iotti, M., Pacioni, G., R. Hall, I., Zambonelli, A., 2021. Truffles: Biodiversity, Ecological Significances, and Biotechnological Applications, in: Abdel-Azeem, A.M., Yadav, A.N., Yadav, N., Usmani, Z. (Eds.), Industrially Important Fungi for Sustainable Development: Volume 1: Biodiversity and Ecological Perspectives, Fungal Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 107–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67561-5_4
Leonardi, P., Murat, C., Puliga, F., Iotti, M., Zambonelli, A., 2020. Ascoma genotyping and mating type analyses of mycorrhizas and soil mycelia of Tuber borchii in a truffle orchard established by mycelial inoculated plants. Environmental Microbiology 22, 964–975. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.14777
Linde, C.C., Selmes, H., 2012. Genetic diversity and mating type distribution of Tuber melanosporum and their significance to truffle cultivation in artificially planted truffiéres in Australia. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, 6534–6539. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01558-12
Marozzi, G., Sánchez, S., Benucci, G.M.N., Bonito, G., Falini, L.B., Albertini, E., Donnini, D., 2017. Mycorrhization of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) with black truffles: Tuber melanosporum and Tuber brumale. Mycorrhiza 27, 303–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0743-y
Martin, F., Kohler, A., Murat, C., Balestrini, R., Coutinho, P.M., Jaillon, O., Montanini, B., Morin, E., Noel, B., Percudani, R., Porcel, B., Rubini, A., Amicucci, A., Amselem, J., Anthouard, V., Arcioni, S., Artiguenave, F., Aury, J.-M., Ballario, P., Bolchi, A., Brenna, A., Brun, A., Buée, M., Cantarel, B., Chevalier, G., Couloux, A., Da Silva, C., Denoeud, F., Duplessis, S., Ghignone, S., Hilselberger, B., Iotti, M., Marçais, B., Mello, A., Miranda, M., Pacioni, G., Quesneville, H., Riccioni, C., Ruotolo, R., Splivallo, R., Stocchi, V., Tisserant, E., Viscomi, A.R., Zambonelli, A., Zampieri, E., Henrissat, B., Lebrun, M.-H., Paolocci, F., Bonfante, P., Ottonello, S., Wincker, P., 2010. Périgord black truffle genome uncovers evolutionary origins and mechanisms of symbiosis. Nature 464, 1033–1038. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08867
Melin, E., Nilsson, H., 1957. Transport of C14-labelled photosynthate to the fungal associate of pine mycorrhiza. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 51, 166–186.
Mello, A., Fontana, A., Meotto, F., Comandini, O., Bonfante, P., 2001. Molecular and morphological characterization of Tuber magnatum mycorrhizas in a long-term survey. Microbiological Research 155, 279–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-5013(01)80005-7
Mello, A., Murat, C., Vizzini, A., Gavazza, V., Bonfante, P., 2005. Tuber magnatum Pico, a species of limited geographical distribution: its genetic diversity inside and outside a truffle ground. Environmental Microbiology 7, 55–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00678.x
Molinier, V., Murat, C., Baltensweiler, A., Büntgen, U., Martin, F., Meier, B., Moser, B., Sproll, L., Stobbe, U., Tegel, W., Egli, S., Peter, M., 2016. Fine-scale genetic structure of natural Tuber aestivum sites in southern Germany. Mycorrhiza 26, 895–907. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0719-y.
Morin E, Murat C, Cichocki N, De la Varga H, Kohler A, Xu J, Grigoriev IV, Martin FM. 2021. The draft genomes of the black truffles Tuber brumale Vittad. and Tuber indicum Cook & Massee. Microbiology Resource Announcements. 10: e00799-20. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00799-20.
Murat, C., 2015. Forty years of inoculating seedlings with truffle fungi: past and future perspectives. Mycorrhiza 25, 77–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-014-0593-4
Murat, C., Díez, J., Luis, P., Delaruelle, C., Dupré, C., Chevalier, G., Bonfante, P., Martin, F., 2004. Polymorphism at the ribosomal DNA ITS and its relation to postglacial re-colonization routes of the Perigord truffle Tuber melanosporum. New Phytologist 164, 401–411. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01189.x
Murat, C., Payen, T., Noel, B., Kuo, A., Morin, E., Chen, J., Kohler, A., Krizsán, K., Balestrini, R., Da Silva, C., Montanini, B., Hainaut, M., Levati, E., Barry, K.W., Belfiori, B., Cichocki, N., Clum, A., Dockter, R.B., Fauchery, L., Guy, J., Iotti, M., Le Tacon, F., Lindquist, E.A., Lipzen, A., Malagnac, F., Mello, A., Molinier, V., Miyauchi, S., Poulain, J., Riccioni, C., Rubini, A., Sitrit, Y., Splivallo, R., Traeger, S., Wang, M., Žifčáková, L., Wipf, D., Zambonelli, A., Paolocci, F., Nowrousian, M., Ottonello, S., Baldrian, P., Spatafora, J.W., Henrissat, B., Nagy, L.G., Aury, J.-M., Wincker, P., Grigoriev, I.V., Bonfante, P., Martin, F.M., 2018. Pezizomycetes genomes reveal the molecular basis of ectomycorrhizal truffle lifestyle. Nature Ecology & Evolution 2, 1956–1965. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-018-0710-4
Murat, C., Rubini, A., Riccioni, C., la Varga, H., Akroume, E., Belfiori, B., Guaragno, M., Tacon, F., Robin, C., Halkett, F., Martin, F., Paolocci, F., 2013. Fine-scale spatial genetic structure of the black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) investigated with neutral microsatellites and functional mating type genes. New Phytologist 199, 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12264
Murat, C., Vizzini, A., Bonfante, P., Mello, A., 2005. Morphological and molecular typing of the below-ground fungal community in a natural Tuber magnatum truffle-ground. FEMS Microbiology Letters 245, 307–313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.03.019
Mustafa, A.M., Angeloni, S., Nzekoue, F.K., Abouelenein, D., Sagratini, G., Caprioli, G., Torregiani, E., 2020. An overview on truffle aroma and main volatile compounds. Molecules 25, 5948. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245948
NHK WORLD Japan. Japanese researchers succeed in artificial cultivation of black truffles, 2023. URL https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/news/20231205_25/ (accessed 12.15.23)
Ni, M., Feretzaki, M., Sun, S., Wang, X., Heitman, J., 2011. Sex in fungi. Annual Review of Genetics 45, 405–430. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-110410-132536
Nowak, Z., 2015. The men who planted trees: How the truffle saved Provence. Gastronomica 15, 73–76. https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2015.15.1.73
Palenzona, M., 1969. Mycorrhizal synthesis between Tuber aestivum Vitt., Tuber brumale Vitt., Tuber melanosporum Vitt., and seedlings of Corylus avellana. Allionia 15, 121–131.
Paolocci, F., Rubini, A., Riccioni, C., Arcioni, S., 2006. Reevaluation of the life cycle of Tuber magnatum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, 2390–2393. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.72.4.2390-2393.2006
Reyna, S., Garcia-Barreda, S., 2014. Black truffle cultivation: a global reality. Forest Systems 23, 317. https://doi.org/10.5424/fs/2014232-04771
Riccioni, C., Belfiori, B., Rubini, A., Passeri, V., Arcioni, S., Paolocci, F., 2008. Tuber melanosporum outcrosses: analysis of the genetic diversity within and among its natural populations under this new scenario. New Phytologist 180, 466–478. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02560.x
Riccioni, C., Rubini, A., Belfiori, B., Gregori, G., Paolocci, F., 2016. Tuber magnatum: The Special One. What Makes It so Different from the Other Tuber spp.?, in: Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Murat, C. (Eds.), True Truffle (Tuber Spp.) in the World: Soil Ecology, Systematics and Biochemistry, Soil Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 87–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5_6
Rubini, A., Belfiori, B., Riccioni, C., Arcioni, S., Martin, F., Paolocci, F., 2011. Tuber melanosporum: mating type distribution in a natural plantation and dynamics of strains of different mating types on the roots of nursery-inoculated host plants. New Phytologist 189, 723–735. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03493.x
Rubini, A., Paolocci, F., Granetti, B., Arcioni, S., 2001. Morphological characterization of molecular-typed Tuber magnatum ectomycorrhizae. Mycorrhiza 11, 179–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/s005720100116
Rubini, A., Paolocci, F., Riccioni, C., Vendramin, G.G., Arcioni, S., 2005. Genetic and phylogeographic structures of the symbiotic fungus Tuber magnatum. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, 6584–6589. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.11.6584-6589.2005
Schmidberger, P.C., Schieberle, P., 2017. Characterization of the key aroma compounds in white alba truffle (Tuber magnatum pico) and Burgundy truffle (Tuber uncinatum) by means of the sensomics approach. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 65, 9287–9296. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04073
Schneider-Maunoury, L., Deveau, A., Moreno, M., Todesco, F., Belmondo, S., Murat, C., Courty, P., Jąkalski, M., Selosse, M., 2020. Two ectomycorrhizal truffles, Tuber melanosporum and T. aestivum, endophytically colonise roots of non-ectomycorrhizal plants in natural environments. New Phytologist 225, 2542–2556. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.16321
Splivallo, R., Culleré, L., 2016. The Smell of Truffles: From Aroma Biosynthesis to Product Quality, in: Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Murat, C. (Eds.), True Truffle (Tuber Spp.) in the World: Soil Ecology, Systematics and Biochemistry, Soil Biology. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 393–407. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31436-5_23
Splivallo, R., Ebeler, S.E., 2015. Sulfur volatiles of microbial origin are key contributors to human-sensed truffle aroma. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 99, 2583–2592. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-6360-9
Splivallo, R., Ottonello, S., Mello, A., Karlovsky, P., 2011. Truffle volatiles: from chemical ecology to aroma biosynthesis. New Phytologist 189, 688–699. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03523.x
Taschen, E., Rousset, F., Sauve, M., Benoit, L., Dubois, M.-P., Richard, F., Selosse, M.-A., 2016. How the truffle got its mate: insights from genetic structure in spontaneous and planted Mediterranean populations of Tuber melanosporum. Molecular Ecology 25, 5611–5627. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13864
Tejedor-Calvo, E., Amara, K., Reis, F.S., Barros, L., Martins, A., Calhelha, R.C., Venturini, M.E., Blanco, D., Redondo, D., Marco, P., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., 2021. Chemical composition and evaluation of antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities of Tuber and Terfezia truffles. Food Research International 140, 110071. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110071
Tejedor-Calvo, E., Morales, D., Marco, P., Sánchez, S., Garcia-Barreda, S., Smiderle, F.R., Iacomini, M., Villalva, M., Santoyo, S., Soler-Rivas, C., 2020. Screening of bioactive compounds in truffles and evaluation of pressurized liquid extractions (PLE) to obtain fractions with biological activities. Food Research International 132, 109054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109054
The Science News. Success in Artificial Generation of Domestic White Truffles | Science News (国産白トリュフの人工発生に成功 | 科学新聞) URL https://sci-news.co.jp/topics/7512/ (accessed 12.15.23).
Trappe, J.M., 2005. On the nutritional dependence of certain trees on root symbiosis with belowground fungi (an English translation of A.B. Frank’s classic paper of 1885). Mycorrhiza 15, 267–275.
Vahdatzadeh, M., Deveau, A., Splivallo, R., 2015. The role of the microbiome of truffles in aroma formation: a meta-analysis approach. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, 6946–6952. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01098-15
Wang, R., Guerin-Laguette, A., Butler, R., Huang, L.-L., Yu, F.-Q., 2019. The European delicacy Tuber melanosporum forms mycorrhizae with some indigenous Chinese Quercus species and promotes growth of the oak seedlings. Mycorrhiza 29, 649–661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-019-00925-y
Wang, X., 2012. Truffle Cultivation in China, in: Zambonelli, A., Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects, Soil Biology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 227–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33823-6_13
Yan, X., Wang, Y., Sang, X., Fan, L., 2017. Nutritional value, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of three Tuber species from China. AMB Express 7, 136. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-017-0431-0
Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Piattoni, F., 2008. Problems and Perspectives in the Production of Tuber Infected Plants, in: Buswell, J., Lelley, J. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Mushroom Biology and Mushroom Products. GAMU, Bonn.
Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Puliga, F., Hall, I.R., 2021. Enhancing White Truffle (Tuber magnatum Picco and T. borchii Vittad.) Cultivation Through Biotechnology Innovation, in: Al-Khayri, J.M., Jain, S.M., Johnson, D.V. (Eds.), Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops: Volume 10: Leaves, Flowerheads, Green Pods, Mushrooms and Truffles. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 505–532. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66969-0_14
| 全部期间 | 过去一年 | 过去30天 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 摘要浏览次数 | 74 | 74 | 22 |
| 全文浏览次数 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| PDF下载次数 | 5 | 6 | 0 |
Terms and Conditions | Privacy Statement | Cookie Settings | Accessibility | Legal Notice | Sitemap | Copyright © 2016-2026