Abbreviations
| AD |
Acción Democrática, Democratic Action |
| ALBA |
Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra América, Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America |
| AR |
Absolute Rent |
| AVHI |
Asociación Venezolano de Hidrocarburos, Venezuelan Hydrocarbon Association |
| BCV |
Banco Central de Venezuela, Central Bank of Venezuela |
| CD |
Coordinadora Democrática, Democratic Coordinator |
| CELAC |
Comunidad de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños, Community of Latin American and Caribbean States |
| CNE |
Consejo Nacional Electoral, National Electoral Council |
| COPEI |
Comité de Organización Política Electoral Independiente (Partido Socialcristiano), Social Christian Party |
| CORDIPLAN |
Oficina Central de Coordinación y Planificación de la Presidencia de la República de Venezuela, Central Planning Office of the President of the Republic of Venezuela |
| CTV |
Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela, Confederation of Workers of Venezuela |
| CVP |
Compañía Venezolana de Petróleo, Venezuela Petroleum Company |
| DR |
Differential Rent |
| ECLAC |
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean |
| FAO |
United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization |
| FDI |
Foreign Direct Investment |
| FEM |
Fondo para la Estabilización Macroeconómica, Macro-Economic Stabilisation Fund |
| FONDEN |
Fondo Nacional para el Desarrollo Nacional, Fund for National Development |
| GDP |
Gross Domestic Product |
| GPP |
Gran Polo Patriótico, Great Patriotic Pole |
| HDI |
Human Development Index |
| IBEC |
International Basic Economy Corporation |
| IEA |
International Energy Agency |
| IFI |
International Financial Institutions |
| IMF |
International Monetary Fund |
| INE |
Instituto Nacional de Estadística, National Statistics Institute |
| ISI |
Import Substitution Industrialisation |
| MAS |
Movimiento al Socialismo, Movement Towards Socialism |
| MERCOSUR |
Mercado Común del Sur, Common Market of the South |
| MS |
Marea Socialista, Socialist Tide |
| MUD |
Mesa de la Unidad Democrática, Democratic Unity Roundtable |
| MVR |
Movimiento V República, Fifth Republic Movement |
| OCC |
Organic Composition of Capital |
| OPEC |
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries |
| PCV |
Partido Comunista de Venezuela, Communist Party of Venezuela |
| PDN |
Partido Democrático Nacional, National Democratic Party |
| PDVSA |
Petróleos De Venezuela, S.A., Petroleum of Venezuela |
| PJ |
Primero Justicia, Justice First |
| PPT |
Patria Para Todos, Homeland for All |
| PSUV |
Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela, United Socialist Party of Venezuela |
| PWC |
Post-Washington Consensus |
| SAFONAPP |
Servicio Fondo Nacional del Poder Popular, National Service Fund for Popular Power |
| SAP |
Structural Adjustment Programs |
| SICAD |
Sistema Complementario de Administración de Divisas, Complementary System of Foreign Currency Acquirement |
| SIMADI |
Sistema Marginal de Divisas, Marginal Currency System |
| SITME |
Sistema de Transacciones con Títulos en Moneda Extranjera, System of Foreign Currency Transactions |
| SUNACOOP |
Superintendencia Nacional de Cooperativas, National Cooperative Supervision Institute |
| UNASUR |
Unión de Naciones Suramericanas, Union of South American Nations |
| URD |
Unión Republicana Democrática, Democratic Republican Union |
| WTO |
World Trade Organisation |