Figures
5.1 Plan of the temple à cour at Thuburbo Maius after its transformation into a church 172
5.2 View from the cella-baptistery facing the western entrance (left) and the southern entrance (right) of the church, Thuburbo Maius 174
5.3 Plan of the attested buildings of Sbeïtla in the Early Medieval period 176
5.4 Plan of the temple of Sufetula, transformed into Basilica III 177
5.5 View into the temple-church from the decumanus maximus, Sufetula 178
5.6 Plan of the two building phases of the temple à cour at Jebel Oust 180
5.7 Plan of the site of Jebel Oust 182
5.8 Plan of the baths in the early 4th century, Jebel Oust 184
5.9 The temple-church of Jebel Oust, including phases I and II of the former temple 185
5.10 The baptismal font of Jebel Oust 187
6.1 Epitaph of Vitalis, Sbeïtla. Byzacena 210
6.2 Epitaph from Coudes. Aquitania Prima 217
6.3 Honorific inscription of Ortygius. Leptis Magna, Tripolitania 221
6.4 Building inscription of Rusticus. Narbonne, Narbonensis 226
6.5 Church consecration of Bishop Pimenius, Baetica 227
8.1 Salting facilities in Traducta, with some abandonment dates 273
8.2 Aerial view of Cetariae XI and XII, southern district, Baelo Claudia, abandoned in the early 5th century 275
9.1 Tremissis of Liuvigild, mint of Amaia 301
9.2 Tremissis of Liuvigild, mint of Narbona 304
9.3 Tremissis of Chindaswinth and Recceswinth mint of Cesaragusta? 310
11.1 Fals struck by Ḥassān b. al-Nuʿmān at the Tripoli mint in 80 H/AD 699–700 (4.16 g) 367
11.2 Solidus (dīnār) struck by Ḥassān b. al-Nuʿmān at the Carthage mint, dated 80–84 H/AD 699–703 369
13.1 Early Medieval sites (6th–8th centuries) in the center of Iberia 402
13.2 Reccopolis. Excavated area 405
13.3 Steelyard – fragmented longer arm, last third of the 8th century 409
13.4 Umayyad Emirate silver dirhams hoard of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān I, mint: Al-Andalus, 772–784 AD 410
13.5 Housing area, Early Islamic period, 8th century 412
13.6 a) Plan of Reccopolis. b) Fire destruction layer of ground floor of southern civil building. c) Collapse by fire of the opus signinum pavement of the upper floor. Late 8th–early 9th century 416
13.7 Reccopolis, second Early Islamic phase, first half of 9th century 417
13.8 Process of territorial reorganization by the mid-9th century. Replacement of all the former urban centers by new Islamic cities 418
14.1 Visualization of the governance-process in Roman North Africa 442
17.1A–C Views from the Shish Mahal in Lahore 487
Maps
0.1 Transforming Cities (2nd–6th centuries) 14
0.2 Shifting Boundaries (2nd–6th centuries) 28
0.3 Institutionalizing Christianity (mid-3rd to mid-7th centuries) 36
7.1 Map of north-western Iberia in 316 H/AD 929, with the location of the Christian polities and the sites mentioned in the chapter 236
8.1 Halieutic sites in the Straits of Gibraltar mentioned in the text (Baelo Claudia, Iulia Traducta, and Septem Fratres) and other important sites during Late Antiquity 271
8.2 Amphorae production areas in the Straits, part of a production koiné that transcended provincial limits 281
8.3 Synthetic map of the circulation of empty amphorae between different areas in the Straits 283
9.1 Mints in Liuvigild’s time (c.580–586) 300
9.2 Active mints between Reccared I and Chindaswinth (586–653) 306
9.3 Active mints between the joint rule of Chindaswinth and Recceswinth and Wamba (649–680) 310
9.4 Active mints between Erwig (680–687) and Witiza (710) 312
9.5 Active mints of the last Visigothic king 314
11.1 Map of the Early Islamic campaigns in North Africa, from the beginning to the death of al-Kāhina 363
12.1 Study area 379
12.2 3rd and 4th century milestones collected in our study area and main Roman roads 384
Tables
1.1 Provinces and their capitals 66
1.2 Statue dedications in metropoleis/outside, by diocese (LSA database) 74
1.3 Civic building work in inscriptions and literary texts, distribution over time between late metropoleis/other cities (LR Civil Dioceses, Rome excluded) 76
1.4 Civil building work, distribution in late metropoleis/other cities, for Africa (Thamugadi excluded, 4 examples not located for 0-283) 77
6.1 Regnal Vandal dating 212
6.2 Writings of imperial regnal time in Byzantine inscriptions (Iberian Peninsula, Africa) 214
7.1 Periods of war and peace between the Umayyad Caliphate and the Kingdoms of Pamplona and León, as well as with the county of Castile and the Gómez family, when these magnates adopted a policy different from that of the Leonese monarch 240
7.2 Descriptions of ṭirāz fabrics in Latin documentation found in northwestern Iberia during the Umayyad period (138 H/AD 756–399 H/AD 1009) 250
9.1 Number of mints in each province by period 295
9.2 Number of series issued by the main Visigothic mints (capitals in bold). Proportion of the total number of known Visigothic coins (7,722), by mint and king 296
9.3 Representation of mints by number of known specimens (up to 20) 298
12.1 Villae showing a church or a hamlet during the Middle Ages 388
12.2 Groups of cities according to distance-cost at 5 km/h. In grey, the group that includes the most important cities in the Visigothic period 392
14.1 Meetings of Roman governors and leaders of tribal groups as attested in epigraphic and literary sources 430