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This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder.
Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)âproject no. 416816602
Cover illustration: Portrait of Nawab ShujaÊ¿ al-Dawla Bahadur, signed by Mihr Chand, Awadh, c. 1773, I. 4594, fol. 38r. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Museum für Islamische Kunst / photo: Johannes Kramer, CC0 1.0; Arabic pious slogan Huwa al-GhafÅ«r DhÅ«âl-Raḥma (He is the All-Forgiving, Lord of Mercy), written in intertwined thuluth script in alternating black and red, attributed to Mirza Muhammad Ê¿Ali, probably Lucknow, c. 1780s, I 5063, fol. 8r. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Museum für Asiatische Kunst / photo: Martin Franken, CC0 1.0; Calligraphic exercise in nastaÊ¿lÄ«q copied by IÊ¿jaz Raqam Khan in 1188 (1774/75), Faizabad, I. 4598, fol. 10v. Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Museum für Islamische Kunst / photo: Johannes Kramer, CC0 1.0.
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ISSN 1877-9964
ISBN 978-90-04-71578-3 (hardback)
ISBN 978-90-04-71583-7 (e-book)
DOI 10.1163/9789004715837
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