Index of Ancient Sources
Ancient Near Eastern Sources
Admonitions of Ipuwer
51â52
Building Inscription of Sesostris I
51
Code of Hammurabi
53
Lipit-Ishtar Law Code
53
Eloquent Peasant
51â52
Prisms of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal
54
Prophecies of Neferti
51
Sumerian King List
54
Old Testament
Genesis
4:2
55
6â9
148
9:6
201, 203
11:2
148
14:1â2
70
15:18
147
17:8
147
18:19
120, 235
22
175
36:31â39
70
38:26
102, 121
38:27
121
47:3
55
49:10
185, 186, 187
49:11
182
Exodus
1:8
55
1:8â12
133
1:12
55
1:17â18
70
1:22
133
3:1
56
4:19
227
5â6
149
13:21
175
19:18
253
22:21
56
23:9
56
24
175
24:16
169
32:11â14
56
33:20
175
34
175
34:6
124
34:28
252
34:29
169
34:29â30
175
40:34
169
Leviticus
16:20â21
210
21:16â23
191
21:18
190
23:27
173
23:34
173
24:8
154
Numbers
25:4
118
27:11
57
27:17
56, 57
Deuteronomy
6â8
236
8:3
252
16:19
69
17
77, 78, 241
17:14
69
17:14â20
57
17:15
71
17:16
188
17:16â17
71, 241
21:1â19
210
21:7
210
21:8
210, 213
21:18â21
236
22:23â27
118
23:10â15
161
23:25
154
24:1
115
32:9
147
32:35
73
Joshua
2:12
102
2:14
102
2:19
216
3:5
161
12:9â24
70
Judges
3:7â8
77
8:23
70, 77
8:23â27
77
10:6â7
77
13:1
77
21:25
70
Ruth
1:8
102
3:10
102
1 Samuel
2:1â10
222
2:6
171
3:13
257
3:14
257
7
70
8
68, 70
8â10
71
8:5
68, 69
8:6a
69
8:7
69, 70
8:11â17
57, 71
9
95
9:16
64, 69, 70, 71, 72, 95
10:1
64, 65, 69
10:6
141
10:10
141, 256
10:10â11
72
10:17â27
71
11:6
141
12:1â6
153
13:14
72, 83
14:45
232, 254
14:50
64
15
151, 152, 197
15:1
71
15:8â13
145
15:22
16, 145, 147, 149, 150, 151, 152, 179, 195, 197, 198
15:25â26
186
15:28
145, 196, 197, 198, 231
15:30
180, 185, 186, 187, 231
15:33
145
15:35
145
16:1â4
187
16:1â2
231
16:7
96, 232, 259
6:13
141
16:23
232, 256
17
236
17:12
103
17:18
64
17:23
206
17:40
16
17:40â51
252
17:55
64
18:7
237
18:30
64
19:2
203, 204, 231
19:5
205, 206, 207, 208, 231
20:1
154
20:24â25
65
20:30
154
21
155, 158, 165
21:1
179
21:1â9
3, 159, 160, 231
21:2
154, 160
21:4
155
21:4â6
42
21:5
154
21:6
140, 159, 160, 164
21:7
151, 158
21:17
150
22:1
62
22:2
64
22:9â16
158
23:3â4
231
24
62, 74
24â26
73
24:1â7
120
24:3â21
73
24:4â22
72
24:7
231
24:10â11
120
24:11
145
24:16
145
24:16â17
80
24:16â21
72, 80
24:17
72, 198
24:17â18
122
24:17â22
121
24:18
16, 109, 119, 120, 121, 122, 124, 141 204
24:21
120
25
62, 72, 73, 74
25:23â34
80
25:24â31
73
25:26
74
25:28
74, 96
25:30
64, 96, 132
25:31
74
25:33â34
80
26â31
255
26:5
64
26:5â25
73
26:22â24
80
27:1â2
232
28:8
232, 257
28:9
232, 258
28:13â15
232
2 Samuel
1:11â12
213
1:15
213
1:16
213, 214, 215, 216, 229, 231
2:1
250
2:1â4
249
2:2
250
2:4â5
250
2:20
250
3:17â21
211
3:18
232, 249
3:26â27
211
3:28
62, 210, 211, 231
5
137, 140
5:1
60, 61
5:1â3
3
5:2a
60, 61
5:2
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 67, 79, 88, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 193, 233, 244, 245, 247, 248
5:2b
14, 57, 61, 62, 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 135, 137, 138, 139, 141, 231, 233, 234
5:6â8
3, 190, 193
5:6â10
189, 190, 192, 193, 194, 229, 231
5:8
3, 183, 190, 191, 193, 194
5:18a
63
6:16
75
6:16â23
75
6:20
75
6:21
64, 72, 75, 96, 132
7
81, 93, 138, 171
7â8
81
7:6â8
97
7:8
64, 76
7:8â9
132
7:8â11
97
7:8â16
76
7:8â17
74
7:8â29
255
7:2â29
232
7:10
86
7:11
76, 255
7:14
77
7:15
77
7:16
84
7:18â19
255
8:15
63, 79, 80, 90, 97, 129, 138, 189, 198, 245
9:1
80
9:3
80
9:7
80
10:2
80
10:4
232, 258
11
80
11â12
104, 105, 106
11:3
103, 105, 106, 141, 231
11:3â12:24
102, 104
11:11
161
12
80
12â15
80
12:1â12
80
12:9
80
12:24
16, 103, 105, 106, 108, 141
13:1â33
188
13:13
188
13:23
232, 251
14:9
213, 214, 232
14:11
232, 254
15
174
15:1
186
15:1â2
180, 188
15:4
188
15:14
180, 183
15:15
203
15:18
184
15:19â25
208
15:22
224
15:26
224
15:30
16, 183, 186, 198, 199, 200, 229
15:30â31
199
15:31
198
15:32
201
15:37
201
16:1
181
16:1â2
16, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 186, 229
16:1â4
185, 199
16:2
181
16:9â14
188
16:11bâ12
232, 260
16:15
181
16:16
201
16:17
201
17:1â4
208
17:1â5
205
17:8â11
232
17:23
205, 207, 231
17:45â50
232
18:22
224
19:5
222, 232
19:6
232, 254
19:7
253
20
80
20:5â6
200
20:9
199, 200, 202, 231
20:9â10
200, 201, 202, 203
20:20
232, 258
20:34
223
21
230
21:9
224
22
220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228
22â23
229
22â26
177
22:1â8
225
22:1â20
16, 230
22:1â25
220, 225, 226, 231
22:5
221
22:7
221, 222
22:8
221, 222, 224, 228
22:9
224
22:10â18
221
22:12
221
22:18
222, 224
22:20
222, 224, 225, 227, 230
22:20â21
239
22:21
222, 227
22:25
227, 239
23
174, 175, 179, 220, 228
23:1â4
176, 177, 178
23:1â7
16, 87, 168, 170
23:2
232, 259
23:2â4
171
23:3
166, 177
23:3â4
167, 169, 170, 171
23:3â6
166, 167, 231
23:4
166, 168, 170, 175, 176, 228
23:6
166
23:13â17
217
23:14â16
217, 218
23:16
219
23:16b
217, 230, 231
24
260
24:1
232
24:17
81, 88, 97, 260
24:25
81, 129
25
230
25:17
81
1 Kings
1:32â40
185
1:35
66
2:32â33
216
3:33
213
7:7
81
12:4
140
12:9â11
140
2 Kings
2:11
175
1 Chronicles
11:19
219
2 Chronicles
30:10
258
Psalms
2:7
173, 178
2:29â33
201
7:16
207
17:8
224
18
220, 221, 222, 223, 225, 226, 227
18:4â15
220
18:20
222
18:34
223
21:9
224
22:9
222, 223
23
89
25:6
210
36:11 LXX/OG
204
36:32
203, 204
38:13â14
260
40:12
255
50:9
151
51:16
151
69:4
255
69:22
217, 219
72
185
72:8
147, 148
77:21MT
56
76:21LXX/OG
56
105:11
147
109
259
110:1
259
110:4
81
118
194
Proverbs
6:23
175
Ecclesiastes
9:12
258
Isaiah
1:10â11
151
5:1â7
194, 197, 198
5:7
196, 197
24â27
227
26:9
175
29:18â20
192
34â35
192
42
141
54:5â16
148
54:10
258
56:7
194
58:8
175
62:11
180, 181, 185
65:17
148
Jeremiah
2:8
83
3:15
83
5:17
6
7:21â26
151
13:22
118
21â23
84
23:11
156
23:5
84
23:9â40
156
23:11
156
26:15
213, 216
31:15
134
51:35
213
Lamentations
4:13
215
Ezekiel
28:17
118
33:5
213
34
84, 85, 90, 91, 238
34:4â16
131
34:25
84
36:16â21
85
36:37â38
85
37
227
37â39
85
37:1â4 22837:1â17
227
37:10
85
37:24
85
37:24â25
85
37:24â28
240
37:26
85
Daniel
3:6
168
4:24
148
7:13â14
163
12:3
168, 176
Hosea
6:5
145
6:6
145, 146, 147, 150, 151, 152, 154, 155, 156, 160, 162, 164, 165, 179, 239
11:1
133, 183, 187, 227
11:2
133
Amos
5:21â24
151
Micah
4
137
5
137, 140
5:1
125, 126, 128, 136
5:1â2
134
5:1â3
3, 7, 11, 125, 126, 137
5:1â4
137, 138
5:1â9
131
5:1b
138
5:3
137
5:4â5
137
6:6â8
151
7:6
149
7:14
138
Zechariah
9â14
85
9:9
85, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 188, 229, 239
9:9â10
93
9:10
147, 148, 188
9:16
85
10:6
85
10:10
85
11
91
13:7
260
14
227
14:4
184, 188
14:4â5
227
Old Testament Apocrypha
Judith
2:4
89
11:19
89
13:7â8
89
Sirach
2:11
89
9:1â10:3
90
9:17b
89
18:1
89
18:5
89
18:13a
89
18:13
89
35:1â2
146
35:15
89
35:22
89
49:4
89
51
140
Susanna
1:46
212
1 Maccabees
2:49â60
90
2:57
90
Tobit
3:10
205
Old Testament Pseudepigrapha
1 Enoch
89
91
89â90
90
89:41â47
91
89:46
91
89:48â49
91
89:59â90:20
91
89:61â64
91
2 Baruch
39:7â8
93
61:1â8
93, 246
66:1â8
93, 246
72:2
93
77:13â16
93
77:14
93
77:15
93
3 Baruch
3:5
148
4 Ezra
5:18
94
Psalms of Solomon
17
131, 236, 253
17:4
93
17:19â20
93
17:21
92
17:21â22
93
17:23â24
93
17:24
92
17:26â27
93
17:30
140
17:32
92
17:33
92
17:33â39
92
17:34
92
17:35â36
92
17:36
92
17:40â41
92, 93
18
239
22
239
Pseudo-Philo
L. A. B.
6.16
148
6.18
148
Testament of Zebulun
5:1â4
146
Other Jewish Writings
Dead Sea Scrolls
1QS
1:9â10
253
1QSa
2.3â7
191
1Q34
88
4Q51
88
4Q174
86
4Q267
87
4Q399
146
4Q500
194
4Q504
88
11QPs
27:1â5
87
28.11
87
11QPs/11Q5
171, 177
CD
10:22
154
13:9â10
87
15.15
191
Philo
De Confusione Linguarum
149
95
De Ebrietate
143â152
95n70
De Iosepho
1
94
2
94
4
94
De Migratione Abrahami
38
95
De Mutatione Nominum
143â144
95n70
De somniis
254
95n70
De Vita Mosis
1:61â62
94
1:158
95
2:22
154
Legatio ad Gaium
44
94
76
94
Quod Deus sit immutabilis
5â15
95n70
Josephus
The Antiquities of the Jews
6.4.1
95
6.4.2
95
6.4.4
95
6.4.6
95
6.8.1
96
6.13.7
96
6.104
96
7.4.4
96
7.5.4
97
7.13.3
97
7.87
96
9.263â266
258
15.380â387
132
15.385
132
Targum Genesis
186
Targum Isaiah
194
Targum 1 Samuel
21:6
160, 164
Targum 2 Samuel
5:2
126
5:6
191
5:8
194
22
223, 239
22:1
223
23
167
23:2â4
171
Targum Psalms
18:1
223
110:4
81â82
118
195, 198
Tosefta Shabbat
17:14
153
Bavli Menah
96b
154
Sifre BaMidbar
144
163
Greco-Roman Literature
Homer
Iliad
11:187
97
Odyssey
3:156
97
3:469
97
4:24
97
4:296
97
4:528
97
14:497
97
15:151
97
17:109
97
20:106
97
24:368
97
24:456
97
Aristotle
Nicomachean Ethics
8:1â2
97
Dio Chrysostom
On Kingship 1.
12â14
97
On Kingship 2.
6
98
On Kingship 3.
39â41
98
On Kingship 4.
44â45
98
Polybius
The Histories
2.60.7.1
117
3.69.3
117
5.32.5â6
117
Suetonius
The Deified Augustus
94:3
135
Lives of the Caesars: Nero
36
135
New Testament
Matthew
1:1
1, 30, 100, 178
1:1â17
25, 119
1:1â4:22
108
1:3
104, 121
1:5
104
1:6
16, 30, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 141, 150, 231, 237
1:6b
103
1:17
100
1:18â19
165, 231
1:18â23
109, 119, 122, 124, 146
1:18â25
107, 108, 119, 125
1:18â2:23
141
1:19
16, 102, 107, 111, 113, 116, 118, 119, 121, 122, 123, 124
1:19â20
108, 109, 120, 121, 141
1:20
107
1:20â21
107
1:21
17, 160, 187, 232, 239, 240, 243, 249
2
135, 136, 209, 214
2:1â12
11
2:1â25
122
2:6
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 36, 60, 79, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 160, 166, 174, 178, 186, 193, 208, 209, 229, 231, 233, 234, 235, 240, 242, 246, 248, 249
2:6a
128
2:6b
125, 127, 135
2:7â8
120
2:9
256
2:13â18
120
2:14â15
133
2:15
3, 133, 134, 183, 186, 187, 227, 249, 250
2:16
232, 251
2:18
214
2:19â21
249
2:20
250
2:21
133, 250
2:22â23
250
3:11â12
160
3:12
6
3:15
110
3:17
227, 230, 239
4:1â3
252
4:1â11
16, 174, 232, 236, 252
4:4
252
5:1â2
38
5:1â10
162
5:2
12
5:5
204, 244, 246
5:6
110
5:7
115, 143
5:10â11
110
5:13â17
111
5:20
16, 110, 111, 146, 187, 240
5:43
232
5:44â48
89
5:47
104
5:48
253
6:1
110, 112
6:1â7:12
113
6:6
104
6:7
243
6:10
139
6:20
110
6:32
243
8:11
9
8:23â27
225
9
145, 146, 151, 161
9â10
151
9:1
143
9:1â10:1
150, 152
9:13
16, 115, 124, 143, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 156, 160, 166, 179, 197, 198, 235
9:27
108, 123, 143
9:27â38
178
9:35â6
140
9:35â38
160
9:35â10:6
156
9:36
143
9:37â10:1
146
10:1
140
10:1â20
160
10:5â6
8
10:6
143
10:21â22
149
10:30
232, 254
11:12
157
11:16â19
236
11:25â26
255
11:25â30
163, 232, 255
11:28
255
11:28â30
140, 160, 235
12
140, 165
12:1
158
12:1â2
153
12:1â3
159, 160, 231
12:1â4
166
12:1â5
3
12:1â8
155
12:1â14
140
12:3
153, 155, 158
12:3â4
150, 153, 179
12:3â7
235
12:4
41, 155
12:5
155
12:6
155, 157
12:7
115, 124, 156
12:8
18, 162, 163, 164
12:9â13
164
12:11â20
141
12:12
164
12:14
158
12:14â15
232, 255, 256
12:18
141
12:18â21
140
12:23
108
12:25
157
12:28
232, 256
12:32
257
12:43
175
13:36â43
166, 231
13:43
18, 166, 168, 169, 173, 176, 179, 235
13:43â44
167
13:52
238
14:26â28
232, 257
14:30â31
225
15:22
108, 123
15:24
3, 8
16:16
172, 174
16:16â19
172
16:21
17, 172, 174, 180
16:21â23
173
16:22
232, 258
16:23
173
16:28
172
17
174
17:1â3
240
17:1â6
179
17:1â8
18, 169
17:2
16, 169, 170, 173, 175, 176, 231, 235
17:5
169, 174, 227, 230, 239
17:6
174
17:9
173
17:24â27
177
18:1
156
18:23â35
123
18:33
115
20:28
17, 187, 240
20:31â32
108
21:1â5
16, 147, 179, 180, 182, 185, 187, 198, 199, 229
21;1â6
185
21:1â17
189
21:2
181
21:5
36, 183, 185, 186, 189, 190, 199, 202, 231
21:5â6
184
21:12â14
189
21:13
6
21:14
3, 179, 189, 192, 193, 229, 231, 237
21:14â15
3
21:15
3, 184, 191
21:28â32
196
21:32
110
21:33â43
194
21:33â44
195
21:41â43
198
21:43
150, 195, 196, 197, 231
22
258
22:6
232, 258
22:13
201
22:15
232, 258
22:16
232, 259
22:43
232, 259
23
214
23:1â36
134
23:23
110, 115
23:35
206, 215
24:14
23
24:30â31
9
25:31â46
8
25:37â46
115
26:13
23
26:28
239, 240
26:39
198
26:64
163
26:30
185, 198, 199, 229, 231
26:31
232, 260
26:33
208
26:35
203
26:39
199
26:46
200
26:47
208
26:48â49
185, 199, 202, 231
26:49
203
26:50
201
26:51â52
203
26:52
201, 235
26:59
203, 204, 231
26:62â63
232, 260
27
209, 214, 216, 220
27:1â5
202, 205, 206
27:3â5
205
27:4
205, 206, 208, 227, 230, 231, 239, 239
27:4â5
207
27:5
205, 231
27:11
16, 208
27:11â26
208
27:15
229
27:19
110, 204, 211, 227, 230, 239
27:20
214
27:24
208, 210, 211, 231
27:24â25
214, 220, 229
27:25
213, 214, 215, 231, 232
27:29
218
27:34
217, 218, 219, 222, 230, 231
27:37
218, 239
27:38â51
189
27:41â51
16, 18, 224, 226, 227, 230, 231
27:41â43
221
27:43
223, 224, 225, 227
27:43â44
220
27:43â51
147, 225, 226
27:46
221, 232
27:50
221, 223
27:51
220, 221, 223
27:51â52
227
27:51â54
228
27:52
220, 223, 239
27:52â53
228, 230, 232
27:53
229
27:54
174
28
228
28:18
243
28:19â20
235
Mark
1:1
100
2:26
153
2:27
162
9:2â8
169
12:9
195
Luke
1
86
1:28â55
4
3:4
24
9:28â36
169
20:16
195
John
11:50
4
12:26
4
Acts
1:20
24
2 Corinthians
5:17
148
Galatians
6:15â16
148
Hebrews
11:32â33
99
11:33
131
6:6
118
Revelation
11:8
133
Early Christian Literature
Ambrose of Milan
De apologia prophetae David
7.35
219n159
Enarrationes in XII Psalmos Davidicos
37.46â47
260n38
Cyril of Jerusalem
Catechetical Lectures
2:11
199n84
John Chrysostom
Hom. Matt.
4.7
117, 122
39.1
159
Exp. Ps.
7:16
207
Justin Martyr
Dialogues with Trypho
35
38
36
38
131
152n52
Melito of Sardis
Peri Pascha
36
Origen
Comm. Matt
10.3
168
12.43
175
Comm. Ser. Matt.
122
209
Hom. Jos.
13.3
152n52
Protevangelium of James
10:15
117