Index
Abbasid caliphate
16, 24, 34, 41, 70, 71–74, 95, 111, 118, 127, 135–136, 139–140, 144, 161, 170, 172, 177, 180, 183–184
Aden
12, 25–27, 34–39, 44, 46–65, 68, 86, 90, 109, 119, 129, 200, 203
Agricultural slavery
35, 148, 197–199
Aksumite influence in Yemen
21–22, 33
Al-Shiḥr
34, 37–39, 51, 58–59, 68, 187
ʿAlī Ibn Mahdī
12–13, 22–23, 159–160
Amirs, enslaved
24, 29, 42, 91, 96–97, 100, 102, 105, 108, 127, 142, 154, 161–162, 174, 193–194, 207
Anthropology
1, 3–6, 87, 111, 241, 141, 148, 183, 202–206
Aswan
43, 58
ʿAwārīn (tribal group)
108, 193
ʿAydhāb
58–59, 100
Ayyubid dynasty
9, 13, 23–26, 28, 39–40, 47, 51–52, 91, 95, 98, 99, 102, 127–128, 130, 163, 187, 193–194, 198, 205
Banū Durayhim (tribal group)
199
Banū Maʿn (tribal group)
59
Bānyān (Indian traders active in Yemen)
27
Bint Hawza (Rasulid queen)
24, 96, 115, 120
Biographical collections
28–30, 57, 92–95, 101, 121, 152
Castration
41, 53–54, 56, 68, 70–72, 76–78, 88, 133, 136, 137, 205
Cooks, enslaved
79–80, 82, 84, 147, 149, 186, 187–192
Concubinage
.
see Sexual slavery
Dahlak archipelago
17, 35, 42–43, 45, 48, 57–58, 146
Egypt
12–14, 24–26, 34, 38–41, 42–44, 47, 51–53, 58, 62–63, 70, 77–78, 82–88, 94–95, 100–104, 107, 114, 122–126, 129, 141, 148–149, 161, 164, 170, 173, 177, 193–194
Enslaved household servants
113, 117, 120, 136, 142–149
Enslaved female artisans
148–149, 186, 195–196
Enslaved guards
104, 109, 158, 187, 193–194
Enslaved singers and entertainers
22, 144–145, 150, 153, 160–161, 168–169, 171, 205
Envoys, enslaved
94, 100–102
Ethiopia
xi, 9, 11, 12, 15, 17–22, 32–60, 68–69, 76–79, 88, 89, 109, 110, 126–127, 129, 142, 146, 150, 155, 164, 180, 182, 203–205
Ethnonyms used to describe enslaved persons
Zanjī
35–37, 52–58, 76, 78, 88
Ḥabashī
35–36, 39, 57, 79, 88, 146
Rūmī
40–41, 88, 103
Nūbī
15, 34–35, 38, 42–43, 58, 125–126, 146
Hindī
38–39, 41, 88
Amḥara
36, 78, 155
Saḥart
36, 48
Jizlī
36, 48, 150
Eunuchs at the Rasulid court
Jamāl al-Dīn Muʿtab al-Ashrafī
115, 133
Niẓām al-Dīn Mukhtaṣṣ
9, 91, 96, 99, 115, 127–128, 131
Jamāl al-Dīn Marjān
15–16, 84, 91, 96–97, 100, 115, 127
Shihāb al Din Ṣalāḥ
115, 121–122, 128
Jamāl al-Din Ṭughā b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Afḍalī
115, 121, 145, 158
Kamāl al-Dīn Fāʾīz b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Muʾayyadī
79, 115, 131
Jamāl al-Dīn Muʿtab b. ʿAbd Allāh al-Ashrafī
133, 115
Raḍī al-Dīn Fakhr/Fākhir
84, 116–118
ʿAzīz al-Dawla Rayḥān al-Luqmānī
116–118
Ṣafī al-Dīn Jawhar al-Ridwānī
94, 100–101, 122–123, 130–132
Amīn al-Dīn Ahyaf
86, 89–90, 96, 98, 103, 105–110, 124–125, 132
Tāj al-Dīn Badr al-Muẓaffarī
93, 99, 130–131
Iftikhār al-Dīn Yāqūt
93, 97, 99
Jamāl al-Dīn Bāriʿ
85, 89–90, 97–98, 107, 124, 136
Fatimid dynasty
12–13, 149
Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence)
1, 7–8, 30–31, 41, 50, 52, 64–66, 71, 77, 88, 106–107, 127, 129, 138, 143, 145, 147–149, 151–152, 166–167, 169, 172, 180–184, 185–186, 195, 202, 204, 206
Gender
2–3, 5, 71, 111–113, 137–138, 139–184, 196, 204–206
Geniza sources
26–27, 37–39, 62, 102, 187
Ḥadīth
30, 71, 129, 130, 187
Iqtaʾ (revenue estate)
26, 98–100, 132, 166, 198
Jabartī (Muslim merchants from the Horn of Africa)
57
Jewish community in Yemen
26, 38–41, 102, 141, 143, 145, 149, 196
Legal aspects of slavery
–
see Fiqh
Maʿāziba (tribal group)
96–97
Madhhab (school of Islamic jurisprudence)
30–31, 129
Mamluks (enslaved soldiers)
8, 24, 26, 34, 39–40, 42–44, 73–75, 81–84, 87–89, 91–92, 96, 102–105, 120, 174–175, 185, 188, 190, 192–194, 205
Mamluk sultanate
9, 17, 24–26, 39–40, 42, 45, 47, 51, 53, 62–64, 70, 73, 75, 77–78, 82–88, 95–96, 100–103, 107, 112, 114, 121–129, 138, 144, 148, 161, 170, 173, 193–197, 206
Mann Allāh al-Fātikī, Najahid vizier
22, 153–154
Manumission
7–9, 33, 42, 61, 64, 83–85, 99, 128, 132, 135, 140, 145, 167–168, 173, 181, 192, 193, 202, 204, 207
Meillassoux, Claude
5, 68–69, 93, 134–135, 183, 203, 206
Mining
34, 199–200
Mogadishu
52, 55, 58
Mughanniya, pl. mughanniyāt
–
see slave singers and entertainers
Najahid rulers
Najāḥ
12, 14–17, 164, 182
Saʿīd b. Najāḥ
14, 17–20
Jayyāsh b. Najāḥ
11–12, 14–21, 23, 38, 42, 143, 146, 151, 153–154, 163, 182
Fātik I b. Jayāsh
14, 20
Manṣūr b. Fātik
14, 20–22
Fātik II b. Manṣ?rūr
14, 22–23, 89, 151, 154, 160
Fātik III b. Muḥammad
14, 23, 155, 159
ʿAlam (Najahid queen)
14, 22, 79, 89, 127, 146, 149, 150–160, 166, 168–169, 172–173, 181–182, 205
Patronage of religious endowments
92, 131–133, 135, 148, 205
Post-slavery patronage (walāʾ)
83, 86, 168, 170, 186
Paymasters, enslaved
–
see Treasurers
Qurʾān
21, 30, 64, 71, 129, 130, 132, 159
Racialization of slavery
48–50, 86, 175–181
Rasulid rulers
Al-Manṣūr ʿUmar
24, 25, 91, 96, 99, 115, 120, 128
Al-Muẓaffar Yūsuf
14, 24, 25, 27–29, 47, 82–83, 96–99, 115, 118, 120, 124, 127–128, 130–131, 187–188, 194, 196
Al-Ashraf ʿUmar
17, 24–28, 54, 58, 73, 118, 120, 140, 143
Al-Muʾ ayyad Dāwūd
17, 24–25, 29, 42, 92, 106, 121, 174
Al-Mujāhid ʿAlī
24–25, 91–92, 106, 108, 121, 133, 192
Al-Afḍal al-ʿAbbās
8, 25, 28–29, 106
Al-Ashraf Ismāʿīl
25, 28–29, 97, 99, 101–102, 106, 115, 121, 133, 144–145, 158, 193, 195
Al-Nāṣir Aḥmad
25, 29, 100
Al-Manṣūr ʿAbd Allāh
25
Al-Ashraf Ismāʿīl
25, 28–29, 97, 99, 101–102, 106, 115, 121, 133, 144–145, 158, 193, 195
Al-Ẓāhir Yaḥyā
25, 133
Al-Ashraf Ismāʿīl
25, 28–29, 97, 99, 101–102, 106, 115, 121, 133, 144–145, 193, 195
Jihat Ṣalāḥ (Rasulid queen and intermittent ruler)
25, 94, 101, 107, 115, 121–126, 128, 130, 133, 139, 143, 154, 158, 160, 173–175
Sexual slavery
1–10, 14, 19–20, 23, 38–39, 44, 139–184, 200, 204–207
Umm walad
8, 71, 139–184, 204–205
Sudan
34, 38, 77
Somalia
35–36, 38, 58, 61
Sulayhid dynasty
13, 17–20, 35, 38, 59, 116, 139, 140–142, 146, 164, 200
Surūr (Najahid vizier)
22, 36, 89, 149, 154–160, 166–172, 182
Tahirid dynasty
12, 25, 43
Taʿizz
26, 55, 68, 85, 90, 97–98, 104, 106–107, 109, 120, 123–124, 130, 132–133, 147, 173, 187, 191–192, 194
Terms used for enslaved persons
ʿAbd, pl.ʿabīd
48, 75, 80, 89, 101, 103, 104, 145, 154, 157, 186–187, 189–192, 194–196
Ghulām, pl. ghilmān
39, 73, 103, 122, 186–187, 190–197
Raqq, pl. raqīq
41, 52, 60–61, 66, 90
Jāriya, pl. jawārī
40, 48, 50, 59–60, 101, 142–148, 150, 153, 156, 161, 164, 167, 174, 180, 185–186, 196
Khādim, pl. khuddām
7, 48, 60, 72–75, 90, 93, 101, 104, 105, 117–118, 130, 145, 147, 189, 190, 198
Surriya, pl. sarārī
143, 146, 152
Ṭawāshī, pl. ṭawāshīya
75, 85, 89, 100, 101, 115, 192, 198
Ustādh, pl. asātidha
15, 72, 74–75, 89, 130, 152
Waṣīf/a (pl. waṣāʾif/wuṣafāʾ)
48, 146
Tihāma (coastal plain in southwest Yemen)
14, 15, 17, 22, 26, 50, 86, 108, 125, 126, 142, 160, 167, 168
Tribes
1, 16–17, 22, 25–26, 29, 36, 81, 96, 100, 108–109, 145, 150, 157, 175, 178, 193, 199, 204, 206
Turkic mercenaries
18, 22, 26, 41–44, 163
Umayyad dynasty
71, 72, 74
ʿUmāra b. ʿAlī al-Ḥakamī (also known as al-Yamanī)
9, 11–14
Umm Abū Al-Jaysh, Najahid umm walad
153–154
Waqf, pl. awqāf (religious endowments)
113, 131–133, 205
Wuqīya (weight measure)
47–49, 54, 57
Zabīd
12–23, 26, 34–37, 42, 50–60, 65–67, 68, 97, 106–110, 116, 123, 125, 126, 132–133, 143–145, 155–160, 163, 193–194
Ẓafār (Dhofar)
59–60, 86
Zaydi imams
23–25, 28–29, 40, 108, 147
Zaylaʿ
37–38, 44–48, 52, 54–58, 60, 68–69, 78, 109, 203
Zimām (eunuch administrator)
94, 96, 100–101, 114–116, 121–126, 128, 154
Ziyadid dynasty
12–17, 21, 34–35, 42, 59, 91, 95, 125–127, 146