Index
accord des esprits [meeting of minds]
26
action
7, 24, 34, 61, 62, 74, 87, 91â92, 96â97, 100, 102, 104, 108â109, 114, 118, 121â126, 128, 144, 145, 151, 160, 164, 166, 168, 170, 172â173, 175â176, 179â180, 182â186, 188, 191, 193â194, 196, 202â205
adherence
51, 61, 103, 112â113, 121, 124â126, 130, 133â134, 138â142, 144, 147, 150, 153, 167, 170â171, 181â184
through argumentation
113, 121, 124â126, 130, 138â142, 170â171, 182â184
and freedom
112, 121, 126, 138, 144
analogy
20, 30, 42- 46, 121, 150, 179, 191
and Perelman
30
and NRP
30
antimetaphysical philosophers
105
antirationalists
168
antisemitism
3, 38, 74, 76, 79â81, 94, 96, 100, 102, 234
antivalues
104
anxiety of influence
161, 163, 204
Appiah, Kwame Anthony
17
arbitrary
1, 4, 20, 21, 29, 30, 36, 37, 38, 41, 43â44, 46â47, 48â52, 54â57, 59, 60- 62, 92, 108, 192, 160, 203
archival research
7
Arendt, Hannah
116, 175, 205
argument and Argumentation
and allusions in
184
as aggression
182, 192
of complementarity
195
definition of
35â37
of dilemma
195
of direction
190
based on division
195
essence in
193
connected with ethics
111, 116, 174, 207
and loss
190
negation in
196
and order
100
presence
25, 31, 34, 39, 55, 106, 125, 150â151, 184, 185, 194
as a sociology of knowledge
199
specimens
121
starting point [point de départ] in
100, 103, 105, 132
as âsuccession of knotsâ
170, 192
stability of
192, 193
versus demonstration
228
quasilogical
Aristotle
2, 4, 15â17, 29, 37, 41, 44, 46â47, 76, 93â96, 100, 108, 112, 117â118, 121â122, 130, 132â137, 142, 154â156, 161â164, 170â171, 182, 193, 196, 203
Attitudes toward argumentation and demonstration
197â199
logical
197
practical
197
diplomatic
198
Audience
12, 26, 94, 116â117, 120â123, 131, 134, 136, 138â142, 144, 148, 154, 161, 163, 164, 165â66, 170â173, 177â178, 180, 182, 184, 190â191, 199, 205â206
Universal Audience
automate [robot]
157
Axiology
4, 9, 95, 100, 103, 162, 203
Ayer, A.J.
11, 15, 22, 30, 175
Bachelard, Gaston
91, 158
Bacon, Francis
194
Balfour Declaration
83, 86
Baroja, Pio
131
Barzin, Marcel
24â25, 38, 63, 203
Benda, Julien
149
Bentham, Jeremy
150
Bergson, Henri
43, 54, 99, 159, 165, 175, 177, 202
Bernstein, Fritz
67
Berr, Henri
67
Bird, Otto
11
Bloom, Harold
163, 204
Bobbio, Norberto
7, 14
Bok, Willy
64, 66
Bolduc, Michelle
8, 15, 64
Booth Wayne
2
Bordeaux, Edmond
11
Browning, Robert
147
Burke, Kenneth
2, 31
Cardozo, Benjamin N.
129
Carnegie, Dale
153
chemistry
28
Churchill, Winston
on Baldwin
147
on New Munich
86
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
2, 15, 70, 117, 155, 200
cognition
20, 53
Committee for the Defense of Jews (CDJ)
4, 65, 68
commonplaces
171
communion
134, 188
compromise
87, 114, 146â147, 195
confused notions
28, 149, 156
contradiction
32, 36, 51, 54, 60, 71, 93â94, 96, 111â112, 144â145, 165
incompatibilities
5, 123, 145â146
law of
179, 193â194
performative
93
conviction
33, 92, 116, 121, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 139, 149
and persuasion
116â117, 121, 126â130
Costello, H.L.
19
crisis of reason
1, 18, 116, 174, 202, 204
Crosswhite, James
2, 8
DâAlembert, Jean le Rond
99
Davy, Georges
161
Dearin, Ray
6, 11, 13, 22, 23, 119
decision
7, 28, 97, 108â109, 134, 145, 165, 168â169, 170, 172, 183â186, 190, 192, 194
deduction
4, 16, 20, 30â40, 50, 121â122, 144, 159, 160â161, 175, 197
definition
4, 26, 29, 34â37, 39â40, 41â42, 49, 50, 54, 63, 64, 72, 94, 103, 150, 160â161, 166, 200, 205
Delacampagne, Christian
2, 201â202
democracy
202
demonstration
45, 97, 109, 159, 161, 169, 171, 174â190, 193, 195â197, 199
argumentation as counterpart
176, 178, 181â190, 195â197, 199
as convincing
97, 109
and experience
175
logic and mathematics
159, 161, 169
and time
174, 181
and rhetoric
177
de Romilly, Jacqueline
196
Descartes
28â29, 53- 54, 56, 71, 94, 99, 101, 120, 130, 159, 160, 167â169, 176, 190â191, 205
dialectic
4, 90, 94â95, 99, 100, 106, 108, 114, 140, 162, 163â164, 168, 172
diversion
185
donnée
28, 43â44, 46, 49, 51, 54, 133
double fidélité
9, 63â66, 68â69, 210
Dreyfus Affair
33, 38, 83
Dupréel, Eugène
20, 24â29, 31, 34, 38, 45, 49, 55â57, 60, 62â64, 66, 92, 95, 105, 113, 148, 152, 177â178, 191, 203, 211- 212, 216â217
see intervalle
see nécessité
Durkheim, Ãmile
28
Edmonds, David
3
Eemeren, Frans
176
empathy
32
empiricism
3, 22â24, 27, 52â54, 94
Enlightenment blackmail
93, 97
enthymeme
193
epideictic
10, 32, 117â118, 122, 133, 134â136, 153, 156, 182, 202
epistemology
4, 9, 26, 95, 100, 103, 203
error
20, 35, 40, 42, 52, 53, 58â59, 60, 62, 104â105, 142
essence
53, 144, 151, 174, 193, 196
étendu/etendue
54
évidence [self-evident fact]
53, 58, 59, 167
evidence
53, 55, 94, 102, 157, 162, 167, 187, 205
existentialism
3
exordium
144
experience [experience]
1, 6, 21â22, 29, 30, 37â39, 40, 42, 43, 48, 55, 56, 57, 67â69, 81, 90, 95, 96, 103, 105â107, 110â115, 120, 122, 125, 129, 143, 154, 156, 159, 161, 165â166, 169, 171, 176, 178, 181, 204, 206
Eyskens, Gaston, Viscount
63â64
fact [fait]
6, 19, 22, 24â28, 30â31, 35, 38, 40â44, 46, 48, 50, 52â53, 55â61, 68, 71, 73â74, 76, 78, 80â81, 84, 87, 90, 99, 102â109, 111- 113, 115, 121â122, 126, 129, 131, 134â135, 13â140, 142- 145, 147, 149â150, 152, 156â157, 168, 169â173, 182, 185, 187â188, 192â193, 195, 198â199, 202
fascism
3, 92, 122
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb
99
Figures of style
131, 156
First philosophy
95, 100â107, 110, 112â114, 118, 162, 164â165
regressive philosophy
Frege, Gottlob
21â22, 24, 36, 52, 63, 159, 175, 203
French Revolution
78â80
Gadamer, Hans-Georg
2, 7, 120
geometry
5, 24, 200
Spinozaâs more geometrico
169
Gianformaggio, Laetitia
21, 23, 119
Goblot, Edmond
35
Gödel, Kurt
21â22, 203
Gonseth Ferdinand
95â96, 98â99, 106, 108, 203
four principles of
95â96, 106, 112
Goodrich, Peter
118
Gourmont Rémy de
31
Graff, Richard
11
Gross, Alan
6, 11, 22â23
Grootendorst, Rob
166
Groups
20â21, 33, 62, 75, 81, 114
Haganah
85
Hall Everett N.
99
Hart, H.L.A.
4
Hegel(ism)
22, 99, 114, 172
Heidegger, Martin
99
Henotheism
74
Herzl, Theodor
64, 83
Hilbert, David
49
Hitler (ism)
85â88, 122
Holocaust
1, 3, 7, 64â65, 70, 80, 90, 117, 161, 175, 202â203
incompatibilities
32, 54, 123, 145â146, 194â95
inertia
114, 179, 192â193
intervalleâ
201â204, 217
intuition
50, 52â53, 58, 101â102, 105â106, 160, 168, 181
Isocrates
136
James, William
28, 59
Jews
and assimilation
5, 9, 17, 64, 66â67, 69â72, 79â80, 82, 132, 218
Ashkenazi
76
as social group
64, 66, 81
discrimination against
82â83
Sephardi
76
Jewish Question
3, 9, 17, 18, 63â64, 66â70, 73, 87, 132, 202
Jewish state
83, 88
Johnstone, Henry
15
judgments
25â29, 31, 34â38, 40, 46â51, 55â56, 60, 62, 71, 102, 108, 113, 127, 133â134, 139, 143â144, 149, 151, 160â161, 172, 191â192, 195, 199, 200, 204
arbitrary, decision-making, necessary, value
jurisprudence
.
see Law
justice
3â4, 21, 28, 68, 70, 90â92, 95â96, 166, 185, 197
crisis of
90â92, 96
goal of new rhetoric project
3, 197
Palestine as the site of
70
rhetoric and
4, 164â165
rule of
191â192
Kant, Immanuel
16, 29, 55â56, 99, 100, 121, 123, 125, 127â128, 161, 164, 168, 172
La Bruyère, Jean de
135, 143
Lacan, Jacques
2
la durée see Bergson; Time
law
4, 5, 20, 23, 30, 32, 34, 35, 38, 42, 44â46, 51, 76, 78â79, 83, 102, 104, 109, 111â112, 114, 123, 126, 129, 130, 143, 148, 154â55, 157, 165, 169, 179, 185â186, 192â193, 197
ambiguity
129, 185
first philosophy and
102, 104
formal
197
interpretation
109, 111â113, 148, 186
inertia
192
Judaic
76, 78â79, 83
making of
44â46
noncontradiction
23, 32, 123, 165, 179
precedent
192â193
presumptions
155, 192
proofs
189
scientific
41â42
universal
39
of will
192
Latini, Brunetto
15, 93, 117, 200, 203
laudatatio funebris
134
Leff, Michael
11
Leibniz, Gottfried
94, 143, 145â146, 155, 214
leifmotif
189
Lequier, Jules
56
Levinas, Emmanuel
64
Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien
152
Lewis, Clarence Irving
201
loci [lieux, commonplaces]
163, 171â172
topoi
Locke, John
31, 54
logic
3â5, 7, 9â10, 15, 19, 20â26, 29, 30, 33â36, 38, 43, 50, 59, 78, 91â92, 95, 98, 103, 105, 109â110, 114, 117â118, 120â125, 127, 130â131, 133â134, 137â138, 141, 143, 145â152, 154â157, 159â161, 163â167, 169, 170, 175â180, 182â183, 187, 194, 199â200, 202
argumentative
164, 171, 177
formal (apodictic and deductive)
11, 32â33, 131, 135, 138, 140, 146, 191, 196, 197, 199, 201, 203, 210, 215, 217, 231â233
modal
4, 182
nonformal
26, 29, 116, 118â121, 162â167, 189, 201â202
and rhetoric
4, 7, 9â10, 30, 97, 108â109, 113, 116â117, 119â126, 130, 132â133, 137, 144â145, 150, 165â166, 174, 176â177, 179, 198, 201â206
see deduction, demonstration, method, necessity, open philosophy, regressive philosophy, quasilogical, reason and values
logical empiricism
see Empiricism
logical positivism
see Positivism
Lukasiewicz, Jan
169
Marshall, George
151
Marxism
3, 80
mathematics
6, 24, 95, 109, 160, 167â168, 177, 200
Mayer, Maria
14
McCarthyism
176
McKeon, Richard
7, 10, 15, 203
metaphysics
22, 26â27, 34, 36, 94, 97, 99, 100â102, 104, 169
method as procédé [method]
150â153
argumentative
202, 206
Cartesian
167
deductive
169
discussion
156
experimental
132
inductive
67
philosophical
190
regressive
114
scientific
92
totalitarian
168
Mill, John Stuart
157
Mirabeau, Honoré-Gabriel Riqueti de
189
Miwa, Masashi
14
monster of rationality
166
monotheism
74
moral rule
20, 60â61
Mootz, Francis III
120
Muslims
76
ânappaltlatolliâ of Aztecs
184
Nazism
3â4, 88, 63, 88, 91, 160, 175, 201
Hitler; Holocaust, Third Reich
necessity (nécessité, nécessaire)
4, 20, 26, 29, 35, 47â48, 50â51, 55â59, 62, 102, 104, 108, 113â114, 137, 145, 156â157, 168, 178, 186, 199
new rhetoric project (NRP)
1, 3, 5â11, 13â14, 16, 18â19, 31â32, 34, 70, 91, 93â94, 99, 118â124, 129, 161â167, 177â179, 201â206
as an answer to Jewish question
17â18, 63â64, 201â202
as collaboration
6â7, 202â203, 206
versus neo-Aristotelianism
161â164
as a rapprochement
4, 9, 20, 22â23, 60, 90, 116, 117, 133, 161â163, 203â204
of analytical and dialogical reasoning
4
of cultural divide
90
of dialectic (logic) and rhetoric
9, 22, 90, 204, 206, 116, 161â162, 203â204
of logical positivism and sociology
20, 23
and translation
13â15, 17â18
Olbrechts-Tyteca, Lucie
and translation
13â15
collaboration with Chaim Perelman
1, 5, 7, 118â119, 159
contribution to New Rhetoric Project
16, 118â120
Ong, Walter
204
ontology
4, 9, 26, 90â115, 165â166, 175, 202â203
opinable [opinion]
133, 177
oratory
133â135, 139
orator
28, 133â136, 138â139, 141â142, 144, 148, 153, 180, 183, 185, 187, 191
order
37, 62, 100, 104, 113, 175, 178, 186
rhetoric
in rhetoric
190â191
system
85, 171, 182â183, 190
Ossowska, Maria
137
Palestine
68â70, 73, 83â89, 90
Arabs
69, 84â86, 88
panegyric
134â136
Pareto, Vilfredo
1, 148
Parmenides
175, 196
Pascal, Blaise
126â128, 138, 141â142, 167
Paulhan, Jean
15, 93, 117, 136, 146n64, 152, 203
Peel Report (English)
85
perception
20, 52â54, 58, 125
Perelman, Chaim
archives ULB
7
archives US Holocaust Museum
7
and Judaism secular Jew
64
and translation
18â20
as Belgian citizen
89
collaboration with Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca
1, 12
during World War II
97â98
experience of antisemitism
69
involvement with Aliyah Bet movement
70
Jewish identity of
3
multilingual background of
18â19
teaching
91â92
writing style of
66
Perelman, Fela
65, 70
Perelman Mattis, Noemi
6â7, 12
Perrin, Jean
41
persuasion
25, 27, 32, 121, 127â129
and conviction
116â117, 121, 126, 129â130
phenomenology
3
philosophical pairs [couples philosophiques]
27, 31, 34, 101, 119, 128, 151, 159, 179â180, 198â199
philosophy
2, 6, 10, 13, 35â36, 67, 76, 78, 116â158, 159â173, 174â199
and translation
14â15, 16â18
Aristotelian
93â95, 117â118, 203
Classical
2, 15, 53, 75, 93â95, 118, 171, 174â176, 178, 181, 196, 198, 203, 205â206
Enlightenment
3, 4, 91â93, 96â97, 120, 159â160, 177, 202
first [premières]
10, 29â30, 90â115, 118, 161â162, 164â165, 175, 180, 203, 205â206
nineteenth-century
19â20
âopenâ philosophy
95â96, 101, 103, 115, 122, 179â180, 187, 189, 197, 205
Perelman
23â24
regressive [régressive]
10, 29â30, 90â115, 118, 161â162, 164â165, 175, 180, 203, 205â206
twentieth-century
2â3, 11, 21, 25, 28, 34, 175, 202
phore
101, 191
Theme
Plato
94, 118, 140, 154â155, 162, 196, 203
pluralism
3, 9, 21, 25, 26, 33, 60, 123, 202
Polanyi, Michael
116
polysemy
148, 197
positivism
3â4, 20â24, 27, 33, 91- 94, 99, 156, 158â159, 175â176, 200, 203â205
pragmaticism
11, 123
presence
25, 31, 34, 39, 55, 106, 125, 150â151, 184â185, 194
probability
4, 125, 135, 148, 150, 171, 182
proof
22, 42, 120, 125, 126, 150, 161, 168â169, 170, 181, 185, 193
Gödelâs
22
apodictic
95, 161â162, 168, 176â178
dialectical (nonformal)
121, 128â130, 137
formal
170
propaganda
68, 80, 82, 84, 85, 88, 117, 129, 134, 138
propositions [of argument]
32, 37, 46, 50, 51, 61â62, 101â102, 107, 111, 140, 154, 161, 167, 172, 176, 181
Protagoras
136, 145
Protestantism
155
Proust, Marcel
152
pseudo-argument
139
psychology
43â45, 67, 117, 119, 121, 124, 126, 128â129, 137, 199
Putnam, Hilary
22, 17
quasilogical
177, 179, 195â197
Quine
19, 27
Quintilian
2, 134, 139, 153â154, 156, 182, 203
Ramus, Peter
116, 122, 131, 174, 204
rationalism
23, 53â54, 78, 156, 158, 161, 168, 170â171, 176
reason
9, 22, 29, 53â54, 91, 92, 120, 161, 162, 166, 167â170, 173, 175, 177, 181, 199, 206
argument
10
Enlightenment definition of
eternal
9, 93â97, 103, 106, 112, 123, 159, 161, 165â167, 169, 171, 198, 203â205
expansion of
169â170
formal reason
10, 16, 29, 30, 40, 56, 97, 109, 111, 114, 116, 120, 123â124, 129â130, 144, 148, 149, 154, 158â163, 165â166, 168â170, 174, 178, 179, 181, 185â186, 187, 190, 193, 197, 199, 203, 205â206
historical
168â169
informal
3, 10, 118, 121
necessary
160
in time
10, 206
restrictions on
160
and values
1, 3, 9, 10, 21â27, 29â31, 33, 36, 66, 72, 81, 93, 94, 96â97, 100, 104, 108, 111, 122â123, 134, 141, 154â157, 165, 170, 176, 178, 180, 195, 201â202, 206
reasonable
25, 27, 57, 91, 96, 164, 167, 170, 172, 180, 189, 194
regressive knowledge
8â10, 29â30, 91â98, 101â118, 162, 180, 203
regressive philosophy
.
see philosophy
Renaissance
2, 155
responsibility
86, 90, 92, 95â97, 103â104, 108â109, 112, 157, 165, 172
rhetoric
as an answer to the crisis of reason
92
and argumentation
3, 33, 135â137
Ciceronian
15, 70
difference between Aristotle, and Perelman/Olbrechts-Tyteca
117â118, 132â133
as knowledge
120â121
new rhetoric project
1, 3, 5â11, 13, 14, 16, 18â19, 31â32, 34, 70, 91, 93â94, 99, 118, 119- 124, 129, 161â67, 177â179, 201â207
rapprochement with reason and logic
90, 97, 116â117, 119, 122
new rhetoric touchstones
8, 10, 97, 161, 166, 178
and responsibility
97, 109
and social tolerance
32
and turn toward
116
and value logic
15, 133â134
and truth
134
Whately, Bishop on
131
epideictic
translation and rhetoric
Richards, I. A.
2, 136
Richtscheid, Hans
14
Ricoeur, Paul
2
Romanticism
156
Russell, Bertrand
28, 160
Salazar, Philippe-Joseph
13
Sartre, Jean Paul
93
Schick, Carla
14
Scholz, Olaf
169
Schopenhauer, Arthur
108, 156, 192
Schreiber, Jean-Philippe
64
Scott, Walter Dill
175
Sephardi Jews
76
Shakespeare, William
189
Simpson Report
85
skepticism
58, 94, 97, 98, 110, 114
sociology
as an approach to Jewish Question
67
of knowledge
199
social psychology
67, 117, 119, 121
social real
12â124
social tolerance
26, 32, 200â201
Socrates
41, 155
sophists
134, 145
Spinoza
94, 99, 101, 170
stability
114, 160, 184, 194
stoic
155
Stokvis, Berthold Barend
129
suggestion
126â127, 129â130, 137, 150, 153
syllogism
30, 37â42, 121â122, 126, 131, 165
Tarski, Alfred
22
technique(s)
179â180
Socratic vs. Protagorean
140
theme
101, 191
phore
theses
plausibility of
171
Thick translation
17
Third Reich
86
tiers [excluded middle]
31, 34, 50â51
time
96
Bergsonâs duréeâ
159, 175, 177â179, 202, 205
dilution of
194â195
empty (vide)
65, 166, 177, 181, 193, 198
full (plein)
190â191, 198
in argumentation
177
in demonstration
177
Dupréelâs intervalle
177â179, 191
theme (metaphor)
191
phore
Tindale, Christopher
8
tolerance
20â21, 24, 26, 3, 62â64, 82â83
topoi
11, 161, 166, 214
lieux
Aristotle and Kant for Perelman
161
classical and romantic
7
totalitarianism
3, 25, 90, 122, 168, 187, 202
Totalitarian thinking, per Arendt
175â176
Toulmin, Stephen
116
translatio
15
translation
1â2, 5â8, 10, 11â18, 20, 23, 27, 28, 30, 36, 54, 56, 63, 90, 92, 96, 117, 118, 120, 122â124, 126â127, 131â132, 134â135, 140â141, 143, 145â146, 155â157, 159, 165, 166, 174, 176, 180, 198, 200, 202â206, 207
and NRP
2, 6â8, 10â15
principles and methods
16â18
trauma
128, 160, 200â202
Tribune juive
9, 63, 67, 71
Truth
claims of
20, 206
communication of
87
empty
165
status of
19, 24, 83
United States Holocaust Museum
7, 66
universal
reason
20, 29, 39, 42, 48
truth
61
universal audience
concept of
12, 118, 125, 142â143, 156, 163, 166â168, 172â174, 179, 182, 201, 207
situated reason and
164
Université libre de Bruxelles
7, 18â19, 23, 63, 65, 91, 95
values
conflict of
123â124, 134
Enlightenment
3
logic of
9, 19, 25, 26, 34, 156, 202
multiple
21, 25â26, 33, 36, 60â61, 190, 197
value judgment
15, 19, 20â21, 27â28, 31, 33â37, 46, 49â50, 51, 59, 61â63, 92, 109, 124, 128, 133â141, 145, 147, 149, 151, 156, 169, 185, 200
see Reason
Van Noorden Sally
163
Vannier, Guillaume
21, 23
verification, means of
20, 28â30, 32, 36â38, 42, 46â51, 54â57, 59â62, 102
Vickers, Brian
2
Vico, Giambattista
64, 203
Vienna Circle
22â23
Vita contemplativa vs. vita activa
62, 91, 97, 116, 176
von Kleist, Heinrich
189
Wagner, Richard
189
Weaver, Purcell
11â12
Warnick, Barbara
119
Whately, Richard D.
131â132, 136
White Paper (1939 on Palestine)
86, 88
Wilkinson, John
11â12
will (volonté)
71, 145
wingate, Orde Charles
85
Wittgenstein, Ludwig
94, 114
World War II
1, 9, 68, 92, 116, 159, 174, 176, 200â204
Znaniecki, Florian
194