Abbreviations
| AFM | Annals of the Four Masters. John O’Donovan, ed./trans., Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters, from the earliest period to the year 1616. 7 vols. (1848–51; repr. Dublin, 1990). |
| AU | Annals of Ulster. Seán Mac Airt and Gearóid Mac Niocaill, ed./trans., The Annals of Ulster (to AD 1131) (Dublin, 1983). |
| BAA | British Archaeological Association |
| BAR | British Archaeological Report |
| CASSS | Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture |
| CCSL | Corpus Christianorum Series Latina |
| CSEL | Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum |
| DOE | Dictionary of Old English |
| HE | Historia Ecclesiastica. Bertrum Colgrave and R.A.B. Mynors, ed./trans., Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People (Oxford, 1969) |
| JADHS | (Seanchas Ardmhacha): Journal of the Armagh Diocesan Historical Society |
| JBAA | Journal of the British Archaeological Association |
| JRSAI | Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland |
| MGH | Monumenta Germaniae Historica |
| NAI | National Archives of Ireland |
| NLI | National Library of Ireland |
| NMI | National Museum of Ireland |
| OCRE | Online Coins of the Roman Empire |
| PL | Patrologiae Cursus Completus: Series Latina. 221 vols, ed. Jacques-Paul Mignes (Paris, 1844–1855 and 1862–1865). |
| PMLA | Publications of the Modern Language Association (of America) |
| PRIA | Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy |
| RCAHMW | Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales |
| RIA | Royal Irish Academy |
| RIC | Roman Imperial Coinage |