Index of Subjects, Names and Languages
abstract domain
36, 53
abstraction
40, 41, 45, 52, 256
Acholi
2
action schema
39, 147
Arabic
3, 58, 59, 65–66, 80, 84, 217, 264
see also Muslim, Islam
audible gestures
12, 230–231, 234–237, 249–250
see also oral gestures
“away” gestures
see gesture families
beats
17, 19, 91, 234, 235
bodily experience
33, 34, 36, 53, 115
bowing the head
69, 70, 73, 74, 75, 84
“brushing aside/away” gesture
see recurrent gestures
certainty
48, 202–211, 227, 229
see also truth
cognitive linguistics
15, 39, 40, 46
comparison
104, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112
completeness
39, 179–183
see also totality
completion
38, 147, 159, 173, 179
see also termination
conceptualization patterns
1, 31, 36, 39, 61, 62, 76–79, 182, 225, 261, 264–267
context
3, 4, 13–15, 20, 21, 24, 26–28, 47, 53, 54, 86, 92, 119, 147, 270
context of use
26, 27–28, 148, 230
cultural context
13, 14
linguistic context
13, 14, 92, 136, 196, 199, 212, 218, 243, 237
local context
27, 154, 171, 187, 215
situational context
14, 15, 123, 130, 139
control
42, 116, 124, 131–135, 142–145, 265
see also gesture schema
conventionalization of gestures
18, 21, 22–23, 26, 30, 37, 41, 121, 259
see also gesture change
conventionalized gestures
2, 8, 19, 20–22, 24–25, 26, 31, 34, 36, 37, 59, 62, 75, 84, 112, 192, 194, 232, 233, 258–260, 268
see also emblems
beckoning gesture
84, 133–134, 231, 237
begging/praying gesture
45, 81–82, 117
biting of the finger
37, 264
finger bunch
24n, 25
finger snap
231, 232, 253, 259
flicking the fingers
237, 238–239
gestures indicating surprise
59, 60, 73–74, 75, 76, 84, 233, 260
hitting the side of the fist with the palm
236–237
jinjina (fist shaking)
36, 70–72, 137–138, 140, 142, 144, 260–261
“not my business” gesture
149, 158, 160, 163, 260, 268
“ok” gesture
21
palm crossing
14, 15
pulling an ear
37, 62, 260
salallami gesture (putting one hand on the other)
59
see also gestures indicating surprise
two hooked index fingers joined together
22, 91
co-speech gestures
1, 2, 5, 13, 16, 17–19, 20, 22, 25, 26, 32, 34, 51, 62, 71, 85, 112, 117, 192, 234, 236, 239, 259, 260, 264, 269
counting
9, 9n, 84
cultural norms
13, 31, 261, 263
see also Hausa culture
cultural taboos
7
left hand taboo
66–67, 84, 116, 121, 263–264, 265
“cutting” gesture
see recurrent gestures
cycle
see “cyclic” gesture, image schemas
“cyclic” gesture
see recurrent gestures
decomposition (of conventionalized gestures)
22, 26, 100, 104–105, 112, 119, 260
deconventionalization (of signs and gestures)
112, 259–260
deictic gestures
17, 19, 50, 88
see also pointing gestures
denial
29, 167, 169, 186, 193–195, 197, 198, 199, 202, 210, 226, 256
see also negation, rejection
discursive gestures
10, 17
distance
230, 241, 243, 248–250, 250, 251, 253, 259, 262
doubt
48–49, 164, 165, 169, 210, 221
“dusting off palms” gesture
see recurrent gestures
Dutch
37, 48, 166
dynamic gestures
12, 13, 186, 261
eastern Africa
232
emblems
2, 13, 19–22, 25, 26, 41, 59, 60, 85, 86, 91, 92, 108, 117, 149, 160, 192, 231, 234, 235, 236–237, 249, 253, 255, 259–260, 264, 268
see also conventionalized gestures
embodiment
1, 7, 35–36, 37, 42–43, 55
emergence of gestures
31, 32–34, 51, 59, 85, 109, 110, 111, 112, 117, 255–261
English
2, 3, 21, 30, 36, 37, 43, 48, 54, 60, 68, 77, 78, 173, 202, 231, 245, 267
exclamation
59–60, 154, 214, 215, 231, 233, 235
exclamation particle
214, 221, 227, 258
fist
36, 42, 70, 71, 72, 84, 111, 115, 116, 131, 133, 134, 139, 142, 144, 145, 235, 236
force gestalts
43, 44, 45, 46, 229
see also gestalt, image schemas
form of the gesture
see gesture
frame
6, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 94, 107, 119
French
2, 30, 55, 148, 192, 210
generality
212, 218–221, 222
generalization
40, 41, 222, 224, 227
German
25, 26, 30, 31, 37, 41, 166, 251, 259
gestalt
42, 43, 50, 51
see also force gestalts, modes of representation
gestural complex
231
see also verbo-gestural collocations/patterns, gestural/speech unit
gestural digression
9, 105
gestural idiom
36–37, 62
gestural iteration
8, 131, 188, 261
gestural/speech unit
37, 232, 233
gesture
classification
16, 17
see also types of gestures
definition
7
form
11–15, 23, 26, 27, 31, 38, 41, 42, 51, 55
see also gesture families, recurrent gestures
function
14, 17–19, 20, 26, 27, 28–30, 31, 37, 60, 61, 84, 103
see also pragmatic function, referential function
meaning
4, 5, 13, 15, 19, 20–22, 23, 26, 27, 30, 31, 41, 46–47, 60, 61, 268–271
see also semantic core
gesture change
21, 112
see also conventionalization of gestures
gesture cluster
6, 148, 183–187,206, 221, 263, 270
gesture families
23–26
see also recurrent gestures
“away” gestures
24, 31, 147, 148, 183, 185, 187, 191, 192, 210, 262, 270
see also gestures of negation
“grappolo” gestures
24, 24n, 25
“open hand prone” gestures
184, 185, 192
see also “palm down” gestures
“palm down” gestures
23, 27, 37, 38
see also “open hand prone” gestures
“palm up” gestures
24, 48, 117, 185
“ring” gestures
24, 25, 251
gesture-grammar nexus
38
gesture phase
8–11, 164, 173, 186
see also gesture unit
gesture stroke
8–11, 13, 150, 161, 164, 184, 185, 186, 187, 244, 249, 251
post-stroke hold
8–9, 107, 173, 186, 241
preparation
8–9, 92, 97–98, 164, 184, 185, 186, 240
gesture schema
6, 108–110, 255, 266
HIT
251–254
CONTROL
144–146
CORRECTION
228, 229
LINK
109–110
REMOVAL
188–190
gestures indicating surprise
see conventionalized gestures
gesture space
12, 25, 26, 27, 138, 142, 258, 260
gesture stroke
see gesture phrase
gestures performed by women
73–76, 234, 235
see also social stratification
gestures of negation
2, 194, 210
see also “away” gestures, negation
gesture-speech coordination
35, 37, 64, 102
gesture studies
1, 19, 29, 30, 31, 35, 186
gesture unit
8,9, 185, 186
see also gesture phase
“giving” gesture
see recurrent gestures
grammaticalization
41, 42
greeting
14–15, 58–59, 63, 70–71, 119, 137–138, 258, 261, 266
grip
16, 24, 39, 116, 130, 133, 139, 140, 142, 151, 156, 187, 265
see also “ring” gestures
key-grip
116, 118, 119, 120, 122, 125, 130, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 140, 141, 142, 265
precision grip
13, 21, 24
Hausa
culture
31, 37, 45, 57–59, 63, 66, 75, 88, 119, 122, 126, 154, 160, 263, 265
gestures
2, 12, 14, 30, 37, 59, 62, 71, 75, 84, 86, 91, 117, 233, 237, 253, 260
language
3, 36, 38, 42, 49, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 68, 76, 87, 96, 126, 132, 139, 202, 209, 218, 233, 234, 245, 246, 265, 266, 257
society
2, 4, 9n, 22, 47, 57, 58, 63, 65, 68–76, 81, 91, 92, 116, 119, 123–124, 125, 155, 235
speakers
12, 30, 58, 67, 86, 98, 117, 119, 149, 150, 230, 232, 263
Hausa culture
see Hausa
Hausaland
3, 22, 57, 58, 65, 68, 119, 123, 117, 220, 242
Hausa Sign Language
see sign language
head
see bowing the head, headshake
headshake
37, 41, 60, 166, 192, 214, 259
hierarchy
68–71, 76–80, 114, 118, 134, 136, 144, 145, 265
see also social stratification
“holding away” gesture
see recurrent gestures
“holding” gesture
see recurrent gestures
human hand
11, 15–16
iconic gestures
17, 18, 19, 50, 55
iconicity
19, 41, 45, 239, 256
see also iconic gestures
ideophones
60, 200, 214, 231–232, 236, 262
Igbo
68, 232
image schemas
1, 7, 30, 40, 42–43, 44, 48, 56, 77, 108, 110–111, 159
see also force gestalts
CONTACT
110
CONTAINER
229
CONTAINMENT
145–146
CYCLE
41, 49, 109
LINK
49, 110–111
PROXIMITY
110
SOURCE-PATH-GOAL
43, 145, 188
UP-DOWN
77, 138
imitation
33, 35, 45, 252, 268, 269
see also learning process
improvement
122, 139, 147, 151–155
intensity
63, 138–142, 242
interactive gestures
17
interjections
59–61, 84, 233
see also exclamations
Islam
3, 58, 65, 66, 81, 95, 152, 157, 158, 160, 167, 169, 171, 172, 187, 217, 256, 263
see also Arabic, Muslim
Italian
24n, 25, 30, 148
Italy
25, 85, 192
iteration
see gestural iteration
Kano
3, 22, 58, 70
kinetic ensemble
69, 141, 184
learning process
32–34, 45, 82, 268
see also imitation, ritualization
lexicalization
21, 37, 41
link
see image schemas, gesture schema
manipulating objects
24, 32, 33, 35, 40, 42, 51, 116, 131, 132
metaphor
43, 51, 53–56, 78–79, 132, 138–139, 151, 226, 246, 251, 254, 265, 267
see also metaphoric gestures
metaphoric gestures
17, 17n, 18, 19, 50, 54–56, 67
see also metaphor
metonymy
40, 47, 48, 49–53, 55, 62, 79, 131, 132, 142, 239, 246, 254, 263, 265
mimetic schema
44–46, 108, 252
modes of representation
17–18
multifunctionality of gestures
18, 26, 75, 88, 103, 113–114, 199, 205, 224–225, 232, 244, 258, 259
multimodality
37–38, 41, 268
multiword units
38, 59
Muslim
57, 83, 117, 120, 160, 167, 205, 209
see also Islam, Arabic
negation
29, 38, 41, 42, 147, 166, 168, 169, 171, 172, 173, 184, 185, 193–195, 198, 203, 205, 210–211, 219, 220, 222, 227, 229, 259
see also denial, gestures of negation, rejection
Nigeria
2, 3, 45, 57, 58, 65, 68, 86, 92, 102, 107, 114, 132, 133, 158, 231, 232, 236, 249
obviousness
37, 39, 52, 147, 164–169, 189, 202, 257
“open hand prone” gestures
see gesture families
opposite notions
48, 49, 102, 157, 169, 202
see also polarity
oral gestures
231, 233, 235
see also audible gestures
pain
59, 61, 239, 245–248, 252, 253, 266–267
“palm down” gestures
see gesture families
pantomimic gestures
19
patterns
see conceptualization patterns, verbo-gestural collocations/patterns
performative gestures
17, 28–29, 199, 205, 215, 231, 244
see also pragmatic gestures
pointing gestures
2, 33, 38, 45, 52, 54, 62, 67, 86, 105, 107, 112, 191, 232
see also deictic gestures
polarity
43, 44, 47–48, 49, 159–160, 198, 214, 227
see also opposite notions
Polish
2, 45, 151
possession
39, 42, 120, 125, 129, 131, 136, 142, 144, 145, 265, 267
see also control
power
42, 116, 125, 131–137, 142, 144, 145
pragmatic function
18, 23, 25, 26, 29, 152, 166, 226, 261
see also pragmatic gestures
pragmatic gestures
17, 18, 23, 28, 29, 113
see also performative gestures, pragmatic function
Quichua
192
recurrent gestures
2, 21, 23, 25–31, 34, 38, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 51, 100, 108, 109, 111, 112, 113, 186, 255–261, 270–271
see also gesture families
“brushing aside/away” gesture
24, 28–29, 31, 109, 147, 252
“cutting” gesture
24, 55
see also “sweeping away” gesture
“cyclic” gesture
25, 27, 29, 38, 41, 49, 52, 109
“dusting off palms” gesture
13, 148, 149, 150, 151, 157, 161–163, 167, 174, 175, 178, 182, 234, 256, 262
see also “washing” gesture
“giving” gesture
31, 115–130, 133, 142, 264
see also “holding” gesture
“holding away” gesture
6, 24, 27, 28, 44, 159, 166, 169, 173, 178, 183–186, 191, 212, 268
“holding” gesture
16, 42, 47, 115–146, 187, 227, 256, 258, 260, 264, 265–266, 270
see also “giving” gesture
“shaking” gesture
16, 49, 59, 64, 98, 99, 186, 191–229, 256–258, 261, 262, 264, 268–270
“sweeping away” gesture
6, 13, 24, 27, 29, 30, 147, 148, 169, 181, 183–186, 262–263, 268
“throwing away” gesture
24, 31, 147
“two-finger tap” gesture
16, 49, 85–114, 115, 160, 227, 256, 258–259, 261, 262, 266, 268
“washing” gesture
6, 31, 38, 39, 42, 49, 147–190, 227, 256–258, 260, 261, 262–263, 268, 269, 270
see also “dusting off palms” gesture
“washing hands” gesture
148–150, 151, 153–154, 159, 161, 163–164, 168, 172, 176–177, 182, 187
see also “washing” gesture
reduplication
38, 39, 63, 180, 237, 261
re-enactment
18, 33, 45, 112, 260
referential function
18, 23, 29–30, 113
see also referential gestures
referential gestures
17, 18, 25, 45, 106, 230
see also referential function
abstract referential
29
concrete-referential
29
speech-referential
29–30, 113, 199
rejection
29, 31, 42, 169–173, 178, 185, 188, 189–191, 193–194, 211–215, 226, 256, 257, 262, 270
see also denial, negation
relationship (between people)
49, 58, 85, 86, 95, 97–102, 112, 113, 127, 129, 136, 137, 139, 259
repetition
8, 33, 34, 35, 45, 63–64, 88, 182, 188, 196, 204, 261–262
see also gestural iteration, reduplication
respect
58, 69–72, 119, 137–138, 140, 142–144, 145, 260–261, 265–266
see also hierarchy, social stratification
“ring” gestures
see gesture families
ritualization
33, 118
see also learning process
routine
33, 34–35
Savosavo
2, 27, 30
schema
36, 39–49, 50, 56, 222
see also action schema, force gestalts, gesture schema, image schemas, mimetic schemas
schematization
40–42, 45, 46, 227, 252, 264, 265, 269
semantic core
20, 23, 24, 27, 85–86, 116, 147, 191, 227, 251, 255
see also semantic theme
semantic theme
23, 25, 26
see also semantic core
sequence of gestures
8, 9, 89, 91, 184, 185, 186
“shaking” gesture
see recurrent gestures
shrug
17, 37, 45, 166
sign language
12, 18
Adamorobe Sign Language
232
Hausa Sign Language
22, 85, 86, 112, 149, 258, 259
signs
1, 17, 20, 21, 22, 45, 51, 52, 112, 231, 232, 255, 259
singular gestures
20–21, 26, 30, 40, 47, 51, 57, 62, 64, 67, 100, 105, 108, 111, 121, 156, 233–235, 251, 263
Siwu
231
social stratification
68–76, 235
see also gestures performed by women, hierarchy
Spanish
2, 24, 28, 31, 39, 42
stabilization process
85, 100, 264, 268
static gestures
12, 13, 41, 85, 115, 116, 129, 136, 186, 261
Swahili
232
“sweeping away” gesture
see recurrent gestures
symbolic gestures
17
taboo
see cultural taboos
termination
38–39, 147, 169, 173–179, 189, 200–202, 226, 270
see also completion
“throwing away” gesture
see recurrent gestures
totality
38, 99, 179–183, 184, 189, 200, 226
see also completeness
truth
54, 193, 202–211, 225, 226, 258
see also certainty
“two-finger tap” gesture
see recurrent gestures
two-handed gestures
10, 13, 83, 118, 261, 263–264
types of gestures
see audible gestures, beats, conventionalized gestures, co-speech gestures, discursive gestures, deictic gestures, dynamic gestures, emblems, iconic gestures, interactive gestures, metaphoric gestures, pantomimic gestures, performative gestures, pragmatic gestures, recurrent gestures, referential gestures, singular gestures, static gestures, symbolic gestures
verbo-gestural collocations/patterns
37, 262, 268–270
“washing” gesture
see recurrent gestures
“washing hands” gesture
see recurrent gestures
West Africa
57, 58, 84
Wolof
2
Women
see gestures performed by women
Yoruba
2, 68, 232, 236