Johannes Poliander (Johann Gramann or Graumann, 1487–1541) was a famous pastor in sixteenth-century Königsberg and in the Lutheran community. Luther counted him among the ‘apostles of Prussia’.1 Although Poliander’s work has been described many times, not all aspects of his personal library have yet been examined.2 First of all, a detailed bibliographical description, provenance evidence and a depiction of bindings is lacking. The dissipation and partial destruction of libraries in Königsberg during Second World War for a time inhibits the study of the Poliander private library. The stock of libraries relocated after World War II from Königsberg to other cities is object of growing scholarly interest. The postwar studies create a possibility of new research on the Poliander’s book collection in the context of the book culture in the sixteenth century Duchy of Prussia. Surely the personal library of such an influential intellectual as Johannes Poliander is worth of examination. The main purpose of this paper is to present the results of the identification of the copies from Poliander’s collection in the National Library of Poland where some of the Königsberg’s books are located nowadays. Firstly, a state of knowledge on the Poliander library and the book culture in Königsberg in the sixteenth century will be presented. Then various methods of identification of Poliander’s volumes will be discussed. Finally, conclusions resulting from the study of the volumes will be described. Additionally, the records of Poliander’s books will be attached.
1 Poliander and Book Culture in Königsberg
Poliander hailed from Neustadt an der Aisch (Bavaria).3 In 1503, he began studies at Leipzig University and received a Doctor of Theology degree. In 1516, he became a teacher, afterwards a rector of the Saint Thomas School in Leipzig. During the disputation between the representative of papacy Johann von Eck (1486–1543) and Martin Luther and other evangelical theologians in Leipzig in 1519 he was Johann von Eck’s secretary. At that time, he followed the ideas of the Reformation. Then he worked as a canon of a collegiate church in Neumünster and a preacher in Würzburg Cathedral, where he unsuccessfully criticized a veneration of saints. In 1525, he became a rector of Saint Clara parish in Nuremberg. The year 1526 brought a watershed moment in Poliander’s life. Duke Albrecht Hohenzollern (reigned 1525–1568) invited him to Königsberg, the capital of the newly established Duchy of Prussia with 9 to 10,000 inhabitants. Poliander assumed the office of pastor in Altstadt Church. Alongside serving in the parish, he founded the school and counseled Duke Albrecht on the subject of education. He was Albrecht’s close collaborator and, with others, he had an impact on the formation of the second ducal library in 1529 (so-called Nova Bibliotheca).4
When Poliander assumed a new role as pastor in the Altstadt Church, Königsberg was an area of significant transition. The Lutheran Duchy of Prussia was newly established in place of the recently secularized State of the Teutonic Order. Duke Albrecht was conducting intense activity in the field of culture. His goal was to create a Renaissance court and community in the capital. There were not enough humanists and scholars in the Duchy of Prussia immediately after the secularization of the State of the Teutonic Order. In spite of the difficulties (Königsberg was reported to be an unattractive town, civitas incognita), Albrecht successfully brought them to the Duchy. Reorganization of the Church according to the Reformation principles involved the necessities of the development of education and Christian literature in the vernacular (Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish and German). Initially Albrecht ordered books from other countries, for example he commissioned from Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472–1553) 400 copies of Luther’s sermons. Later the import of books was taken over by booksellers, who were backed by Albrecht. The first printing house was established in Prussia in 1523/24 by Hans Weinreich (?–1560), who was brought from Gdańsk (Danzig) to Königsberg by Albrecht. He printed mainly religious works in German. Later this direction of printing development was maintained. In 1549 an affiliated branch of Hans Lufft (1495–1584), Martin Luther’s famous printer in Wittenberg, opened in Königsberg. In the same year, Aleksander Augezdecki’s (?–1577) printing house was founded in 1549.5 Moreover, Albrecht made a huge contribution to the growth of book binding. On the basis of the ducal financial books, it is known that Albrecht was paying the bookbinders (starting from Mats/Mattis from 1531/32 and Michel Pundtschreiber 1537/38).6 Mats made many bindings for the books of the holdings of the castle library, today in the University Library in Toruń.7 Also working in Königsberg was Kaspar Angler (fl. 1539–1565), one of the most famous bookbinders in contemporary Germany.8
The duke was personally involved in the expansion of the libraries’ collections, for instance by the purchase of whole book collections (for example the collection of chancellor Frederick Fischer, who died in 1529).9 Presumably after the death of Bishop of Kwidzyń (Marienwerder) Paul Speratus (1484–1551), his large book collection was incorporated into the duke’s library.10 Albrecht’s desire was to collect all of the works of Martin Luther.11 He owned two libraries: the Chamber Library (Kammerbibliothek) and the Castle Library (Schloßbibliothek). Both were used by the duke’s court and also by ministers and scholars from the city. The Castle Library was opened for users in 1540, when its holdings numbered around 1,000 volumes from many European printing houses. At the end of Albrecht’s life, there were around 3,000 volumes in the Castle Library. The library was under the care of librarians employed by the duke. The first of them was Felix König (c.1500–1549), who wrote an alphabetical shelf catalogue.12 This library was a basic library for scholars and students, likewise the library of the elector of Saxony in Wittenberg, therefore the university in Königsberg owned only a very small collection of books.13 Two of Albrecht’s wives, Dorothea of Denmark and Anna Maria of Brunswick-Calenberg-Göttingen (1532–1568), owned the private book collections.14 The latter of them owned 89 volumes.15
Beyond the castle, various private libraries arose thanks to the Albrecht’s patronage.16 The largest of them (300 books) belonged to Professor of Albertina University Urban Störmer, the duke’s doctor Andreas Aurifaber (a part of his collection was bought by Albrecht in 1561), Johannes Poliander, and Abraomas Kulvietis (who owned at least 85 books).17 The smaller collections were gathered by other pastors, students, clerks and townsmen of Königsberg.
Poliander gave his books collection to the Altstadt-Königsberg in his last will. After his death the books were put in the church (Altstaedtische Kirche). It was the beginning of the Königsberg Public Library (Stadtbibliothek Königsberg). The Urban Council of Königsberg commissioned Heinrich Zell the task of creating an inventory of the collection.18 He was an important person among local scholars. His life and work is well investigated subject in scholarly literature. He belonged to a family of printers in Cologne. Before getting to Königsberg, he studied at universities in his home town and in Wittenberg. Thereafter he engaged in printing and worked as a teacher in Strasbourg. He taught geography, history and astronomy. He gained recognition for the map Descriptio Prusiae printed in Nuremberg in 1542. In 1555, he joined to the emergent University of Königsberg, and in tandem began service in Duke Albrecht’s court. Two years later, the duke appointed Zell his librarian.19 Zell organized the collection, compiled the catalogue and wrote the call numbers on the books.20 During the work on Poliander’s books, Zell compiled a catalogue of the collection and noted the numbers on the books.21 The Catalogus includes around 430 volumes and 342 unbound books. Items are put in order according to their formats (folio, quarto, octavo). Zell specified authors and noted, but not accurately, the titles, and in some cases he described the themes of the books. The volumes were numbered using Arabic or Roman numerals. After Zell’s work, the collection was not made available to the public until the beginning of the seventeenth century. Before that, access was restricted to a select number of scholars and bibliophiles.22
Gradually the Public Library of Königsberg, following the acquisition of the Poliander collection, was further enriched by other personal collections, among which the biggest was the library of Johann Lomoller (1490–c.1560).23 The library changed location several times over the years. It was eventually located in the old campus of the University of Königsberg. World War II ended the library’s existence and the holdings were dispersed.24 In 1944, Germans removed the Municipal Library’s holdings from Königsberg and abandoned them near Mohrungen (today Morąg).
2 Previous Works on the Poliander’s Library
In Autumn 1946, the first part of books evacuated from Königsberg were moved to the newly established Nicolaus Copernicus University Library in Toruń. More books were moved in 1947.25 Another portion of the Municipal Library’s holdings were taken to the National Library of Poland: 8,900 volumes, including: 12 incunabula, 1,100 sixteenth-century volumes, 2,700 seventeenth-century volumes, 4,100 eighteenth-century volumes and 1,000 volumes of periodicals.26 After the Second World War, collecting information about the surviving books from Königsberg and their new locations became a challenging new task for librarians and historians. These works were undertaken initially by the German researchers.27 On a large scale, work on collecting information about the scattered books from Königsberg was conducted by Klaus Garber. In Poland, research on the history of the libraries in Königsberg was conducted at the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń and in that university’s library, because after the war it came into possession of some books from Königsberg.28 Moreover, the books from Königsberg (Castle Library, Königlische Deutsche Gesellschaft and Stadtbibliothek Königsberg) were described in the catalogue of sixteenth-century early printed books at the University of Warsaw Library.29 The valuable books from the ducal library are located in the Kórnik Library.30 Furthermore, eleven incunabula from the Public Library in Königsberg were described in the Catalogue of Incunabula in the National Library of Poland.31 Among them, three volumes come from the Poliander collection. The sixteenth-century books bound with Poliander’s incunabula were only shortly briefly indicated. There are no manuscripts from Poliander’s library in the National Library of Poland according to the manuscripts inventory published in 2012.32
The catalogue compiled in 1560 by Zell lists 824 volumes of printed books. In 1939, Christian Krollmann identified in the Königsberg Public Library one third of the volumes described three centuries earlier by Zell. Thus, in the National Library of Poland there is only a small part of the collection of the pastor from Königsberg. Nevertheless, it is worth describing. The descriptions from 1560, although they provide an orientation on the subject of the books, do not contain exact bibliographic data. The titles are sometimes distorted and the descriptions lack information about the place and time of printing. For example, Zell described the volume No. XLIV, as follows: ‘Verwarnung der vonn Straßburg ann die Eydtgenossen wieder Conrrad Treger’. Only by examination of the preserved volume (SD XVI.Qu.1153 adl.) can it be established that this description concerns the book by Wolfgang Capito (1478–1541), Verwarnung der diener des worts vnd der brüder zu Strassburg, printed in Strasbourg (VD16 C 842) by Wolfgang Köpfel and not in Augsburg by Philipp Ulhart (VD16 C 840). There are many more similar cases in the Sammelbände-containing booklet, especially the works of Martin Luther, which had many editions. Moreover, the Zell catalogue and also the edition prepared by Christian Krollmann do not provide information on binding and handwritten notes. This information can be obtained by describing the preserved copies.
3 The Identification of Poliander’s Books
Sixteen volumes from Poliander’s collection can be recognized today by his inscriptions written on the title pages. He usually used the phrase Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jo. Grauman sibi et amicis comparabat (The difficulty of reading is overcome by reading. Johann Graumann for himself and his friends collected). This sentence is found in 16 volumes.33 Similar maxims were used by another prominent humanist in Prussia, Bishop Paul Speratus who also organized his library in Prussia according to the Renaissance principle sibi et amicis and used a bookplate with the following text: Me sibi Speratus proprio ere, suisque parauit, Ast vsum voluit, cuilibet esse bono …34 Ownership inscriptions stating that the book was for use of friends were particularly common in the sixteenth century.35 Apart from the inscription Omnis legend …, Poliander noted a purchase price on most of the books. It was indicated mostly it in groschen, but in one case the book’s price was one florin.
Identification of another three of Poliander’s volumes is possible based on the numbers written down by Zell on the title pages. In three cases, there is the same number on the title page of a book and in the catalogue. The titles of these books are consistent with Zell’s descriptions.36 Also, the Public Library’s call numbers visible on the spine labels of these three books are the same as written down by Christian Krollmann. In one case, an eighteenth-century note on the endpapers indicates Poliander as the owner of the volume: Possesor ejus qui videtur esse Joh. Poliander alias Graumann (its owner which seem to be Poliander otherwise Graumann).37 The book has traces of water damage which could have washed off Zell’s number.
Apart from the books belonging to the Poliander collection in the National Library of Poland is one volume donated by Poliander to another person, according to the writing on the title page: “Hunc libellu[m] plano aureum dono accepi a d. Joanne Polyandro anno 1539” (I got this small fine book as a unconditional gift from Joannes Poliander in the year 1539).38 On the top of the same title page is a second phrase by the same hand: Sum Christophori Langnerii. Perhaps this Christophor Langner is the same Christophorus Langer ex valle Joachima who studied at the university in Wittenberg in 1533.39 The book which bears these inscriptions is the first part of a Sammelband consisting of seven prints in octavo. In the volume there are theological works by reformational authors: Philipp Melanchthon, Antonius Corvinus, Heinrich VIII, Urbanus Rhegius and Caspar Cruciger.40 The volume is bound in vellum over cardboard. It has a handwritten shelf mark of the Königsberg Public Library on the front flyleaf: Ca.142 II and 8.b.23 and on the rear flyleaf: 10.14.23 [cross out] and 235.16.
4 Bibliographic Data of Books in the Poliander Library
Most books were printed before Poliander’s arrival in Königsberg in 1525. The oldest edition is probably Quintus Asconius Pedianus, Commentarii in orationes Ciceronis, printed in Venice by Christophorus de Pensis, circa 1496.41 Two other incunabula were printed in 1500.42 Other books printed before 1525 originated as follows: 1501–1510, 20 titles; 1511–1520, 17 titles; and 1521–1525, 32 titles (most of them in one Sammelband). After 1525, 14 books were printed (12 in one Sammelband). Among them, two were printed in 1529, and the others originated in the 1530s. The latest editions are from 1537.
The books collected by Poliander and stored today in the National Library of Poland were printed mostly in Germany (70 books), Italy (15), France (6) and Switzerland (3). The majority of the books originated from prominent centres of printing like Venice (11), Milan (2) and Rome (1) in Italy; Basel in Switzerland; Paris (4) and Lyon (2) in France; and Augsburg (10), Strasbourg (14), Leipzig (8), Cologne (2), Nuremberg (4) and Wittenberg (16) in Germany. One book represents the Johann Weinrich printing house in Königsberg.43 This book has no imprint, but the printer can be established based on typographical design elements such as the woodcut with lion that was used by Johann Weinrich. This edition is not described in VD16.
A clear difference in the subject area is visible between Poliander’s books from Germany and other countries. In most cases, the German books have predominantly religious content, whereas the Italian, French and Swiss books concern secular subjects. Such origins of the books paint Poliander as a man of extensive interests in the field of humanism and reformation. The printing houses of Italy, France and Switzerland provided him mainly with editions of renaissance literature; books printed in the Lutheran cities of Germany supplied his needs in the matter of religion.
The presence of a large number of books printed in Wittenberg in a relatively small fragment of the Poliander collection shows his extremely strong bond with the centre of the Lutheran Reformation, Wittenberg. His collection includes both books printed in Wittenberg before and after his move to Königsberg. The part of his book collection described in this article includes books from eight different printing houses in Wittenberg. Among them are three books by Johann Rhau-Grunenberg (fl. 1507–1527), the first printer to publish Luther’s works,44 and two books printed by Melchior Lotter (c.1470–1549), an excellent printer brought by Luther to Wittenberg. One book was published by Hans Lufft (1495–1584), who was the first to print Luther’s translation of the Bible. Other Wittenberg printers whose books Poliander possessed were: Nickel Schirlentz (fl. 1521–1547), Peter Seitz (?–1548), Georg Rhau (1488–1548), Joseph Klug (?–1552) and Wolfgang Stöckel (c.1473–c.1541). Poliander’s close ties with Luther explain the presence of many Wittenberg books in the Poliander collection.
5 The Description of Copies
Most of Poliander’s books show traces of being read: glosses and underlinings. In a few volumes, besides glosses and underlinings, much longer handwritten notation can be found. The glosses and notes written by Poliander (other than Omnis legendi labor … and the prices of the books) are few and short.45 The more expanded notes were made by previous and subsequent readers. The long notes about the content of the books were written in several volumes. One of them was made at the beginning of the sixteenth century,46 three were made in the second half of the same century.47 The tables of contents were written in two Sammelbände.48 These notes indicate that the books from Poliander personal library was used by many readers in the sixteenth century. The notes about the prices indicate that some of the copies had passed from hand to hand before they were bought by Poliander. In two cases the copies had at least two previous owners.49 One of the notes specifies the cost of the Sammelbände (the price of the first copy, the price of the second copy, the price of the binding).50
Almost all volumes have the Zell catalogue numbers and the shortened titles written on the fore-edge.51 The numbers and titles are written in different ink. Perhaps the short titles were written by Poliander and the number by Heinrich Zell during the cataloguing of the collection.
All of Poliander’s books have sixteenth-century bindings.52 Fifteen of the bindings are blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards. The remaining five volumes have different kinds of bindings (one blind-stamped pigskin over wooden boards, one blind-stamped pigskin over cardboard, one blind-stamped brown calf over wooden boards, and one pigskin over cardboard). In the Catalogue of Incunabula in the National Library of Poland, the bookbinding workshops that made the bindings of the incunabula were identified. Two of the bindings were produced in Königsberg (Inc. 1344–1346 adl. and Inc. F.1357–1358 adl.).53 The binding of the third incunable was made in Leipzig at the Blüte frei ornamental I workshop.54 It is worth noting that parts of the four bindings consist of fragments of medieval manuscripts.55
6 The Posterior Owners of Poliander’s Volumes
All books from the Poliander collection that are identified today in the National Library of Poland belonged before 1945 to the Königsberg Public Library and have the typical stamps and call numbers of that library. The older stamp has Königsberg’s coat of arms and the text: Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont[ani]. It was glued into the books after 1607 when the holdings were deallocated from the church to a specially prepared and furnished room in the town hall. Meanwhile the books were refurbished, cleaned, and volumes without bindings were bound.56 At the back is the 19th century octagonal stamp with writing “Stadtbibliothek Koenigsberg” placed on the title pages. In the Sammelbände, both stamps are placed only in the first books bound in the volume. Books of the Königsberg Public Library have two kinds of call numbers. The older call numbers are numerals inscribed in black ink on the upper and lower endpapers. The newer call numbers are written down in pencil and are also located on the printed labels pasted on the book’s spine.57 Two volumes from Poliander’s collection have a special call number applied at the Königsberg Public Library to books from the collection of Theodor Gottlieb von Hippel (1776–1843).58 At the beginning of such call numbers is the abbreviation H.B., meaning H[ippelsche] B[ibliothek]. This collection of books (2010 volumes) was moved from Hippel’s mansion in Lisnowo (Groß Leistenau) to the Public Library in 1840.59 Both volumes are included in Zell’s catalogue (numbers LXV and LXXV), therefore they must have been taken from the Municipal Library after 1560. The current circumstances in which these books were moved out from the Public Library are unknown. Both volumes lack the seventeenth-century Municipal Library bookplate, which may indicate that they were not in the library before the rest of the books got the bookplate. But it is also probable the books were sold by Michael Lilienthal (1686–1750) who managed the library in 1728–1744 and sold many books because of the library’s financial difficulties and lack of space for the holdings in the cramped rooms of Altstädtischen Pauperhaus.60
7 Conclusions
The postwar research on the book culture in Königsberg confirms the importance of the Poliander collection as one of the largest libraries in the Duchy of Prussia. Prussia being in the sixteenth century a place of serious cultural change, makes his library even more fascinating. In 1560 there were 824 books in the Poliander library. However, in 1929 Christian Krollmann found only around 240 of them in the Königsberg Public Library. Up to today, 18 volumes (in large part Sammelbände) from Poliander’s collection have been found in the National Library of Poland. The study of these copies shows the bibliographic data of the books in Poliander’s collection. As these volumes are preserved in a very good condition, it was possible to describe their historical bindings and notes. These features show how Poliander and other readers dealt with the books. The subsequent call-numbers and stamps show the history of the Poliander books from sixteenth century to today. The Königsberg Public Library was the institution which stored this collection almost to the end of the Second World War. Thereafter this task was taken over by the National Library of Poland. Presumably some of Poliander’s books are located in other libraries. Perhaps the above description of this fragment of Poliander’s library will be helpfslaces. The reconstruction of this personal collection appears as a valuable task for the future research on the book history in the Baltic area.61
The Incunabula and Early Printed Books from Johannes Poliander Personal Library in the National Library of Poland
Inc.F.1344–1346 adl.
Provenance:
v gr[ossi]s (beginning of the 16th century).
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Io. Grauman sibi et amic[is] comparabat. Constat tot[us] liber 44 gr[ossi]s.
12 (former shelfmark on spine)
9 (numbering by H. Zell); Stadtbibliothek Koenigsberg (stamp); 63.13; 98.9; 418,10 (former shelfmark); Bb 55 2° (shelfmark); Bb 55 (shelfmark label on spine).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards.
Poliander’s notes, annotations in two other hands (beginning of the 16th century). Single glosses (16th century, leaf a3a).
Cicero, Marcus Tullius
De officiis, De amicitia, De senectute necnon Paradoxa.
Venice: Giovanni Tacuino, 1514. 2°.
USTC 822111. Inc.F.1344 adl.
Asconius Pedianuss, Quintus
Commentarii in orationes Ciceronis.
[Venice: Cristoforo de’ Pensi, ca. 1496–1500]. 2°.
GW 2740. Spandowski 96 copy a. IBP 581. Inc.F.1345 adl.
Philostratus, Flavius
Eis ton Apollonion tu Tyaneos bion biblia okto. De vita Apollonii Tyanei libri octo.
Venice: Manuzio, Aldo Pio, 1504. 2°.
Inc.F.1346 adl.
Inc.F.1337–1338 adl.
Provenance:
Emi p[ro] f[loreno?] (15th/16th century).
Constat 19 g[rossis] (beginning of the 16th century).
[Con]stat 15 gr[ossis] (beginning of the 16th century).
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jo. Grauman sibi et amic[is] comp[ar]auit.
253 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koenigsberg (stamp); 59.13; 90.22 (?); 420,1 (former shelfmarks); Bb 69 (shelfmark).
Glosses in several hands, including Johannes Poliander’s? (16th century).
Binding: Blind-stamped pigskin over wooden boards.
Appianus, Alexandrinus
Historia Romana.
Venice: Cristoforo de’ Pensi, 1500. 2°.
GW 2291. IBP 447. Spandowski 73. Inc.F.1337 adl.
Platina, Bartholomaeus
Hystoria de vitis pontificum periucunda diligenter recognita.
Venice: Filippo I Pinzi, 1504. 2°.
USTC 836145. Inc.F.1338 adl.
Inc.F.1357–1358 adl.
Provenance:
x gr[ossis] (beginning of the 16th century).
Omnis legendi labor legendo superat[ur] Joannes Grauman sibi et amicis comparabat. Constat XVIj gr[ossis].
255 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 163.13, 60.10[?], 331.13 (former shelfmark); Oe 12 (shelfmark).
(Shelfmark?:) 352.
Glosses in several hands (beginning of the 16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards.
Petrus de Natalibus
Catalogus sanctorum et gestorum eorum ex diversis voluminibus collectus.
[Strasbourg: Martin Flach, 1513]. 2°.
USTC 619721. VD16 P-1881 Inc.F.1357 adl.
Eusebius Caesariensis
De evangelica praeparatione.
Venice: [Bartolomeo Zani], 10 XI 1500.
GW 9445. IBP 2100. Spandowski 330. USTC 995894 Inc.F.1358 adl.
SD XVI.F.317–318 adl.
Provenance:
[Johannes Poliander, handwritten notes].
254 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 161.24, 58.19 (former shelfmark crossed out); 559, 331.14 (former shelfmark); CC
α 19 2° (shelfmark); CCα 19 (shelfmark label on spine).
Glosses and underlinings in two hands (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Eusebius Caesariensis, Rufinus Aquileiensis
Autores historiae ecclesiasticae.
[Basel: Johann Froben, 1523]. 2°.
USTC 613980. VD16 E-4273. SD XVI.F.317 adl.
Otto, Frisingensis
Rerum ab origine mundi ad ipsius usque tempora gestarum libri octo.
Strasbourg: ex aedibvs Matthiae Schurerii, 1515. 2°.
Not in USTC. VD16 O-1434. SD XVI.F.318 adl.
XVI.F.2136–2137 adl.
Provenance:
Constat 16 gr[ossis]
Metamor. [con]stant 8 gr[ossi]s. anno d[omi]ni xvc viij [1508].
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is]. Constat m[arca] 9 gr[ossi]s.
43 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 153.30, 61.27, 99.18 (former shelfmark crossed out) 73.13, 420.21 (former shelfmark); Bb 86 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes in various hands on the upper endpaper and title page. Interlinear and marginal glosses (16th century).
Binding: black half leather binding, stamped in blind over wooden boards, two clasps. Manuscript leaf (14th century) used as hinge reinforcement.
Ovidius Naso, Publius
Quindecim metamorphoseos libri diligentius recogniti.
Lyon and Paris: Nicolas Wolf, Jacques Huguetan, 1501. 4°.
USTC 142770. SD XVI.F.2136 adl.
Ovidius Naso, Publius
De arte amandi et de remedio amoris.
Lyon: Jacques Huguetan, Claude Davost (Paris and Lyon), 1504. 2°.
SD XVI.F.2137 adl.
SD XVI.F.2151 a–c adl.
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Grauman sibi et amicis co[m]parabat.
197 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 3.19, 349.25 (former shelfmark crossed out); 138.17, 355.18 (former shelfmark); CC
α 45 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes on the upper endpaper and title page (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards, two clasps wainting.
Cyrillus Alexandrinus
Praeclarum opus, quod thesaurus nuncupatur, quatuordecim libros complectens.
Paris: Wolfgang Hopyl, 1514. 2°.
USTC 181488. SD XVI.F.2151 a adl.
Cyrillus Alexandrinus
Opus insigne in evangelium Joannis.
Paris: Wolfgang Hopyl, impensis Jean Petit et Thielman Kerver, 1508. 2°.
USTC 143407. SD XVI.F.2151b adl.
Cyrillus Alexandrinus
Commentarii in Leviticum sexdecim libris digesti.
Paris: Wolfgang Hopyl, 1514. 2°.
USTC 181461. SD XVI.F.2151 c adl.
SD XVI.F.2159
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is]. Constat m[arca] 15 gr[ossi]s.
L (numbering by H. Zell) Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 61.16, 106.8 (former shelfmark crossed out); 153.26, 199.2 (former shelfmark); Ca 78 (shelfmark label on spine); Ca 78 2° (shelfmark).
Notes in one hand on the upper endpaper, occasional glosses and underlinings (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni Francesco
De rerum praenotione libri novem.
[Strasbourg: Johann Knobloch, 1506–1507]. 2°.
USTC 667780. VD16 P-2636. SD XVI.F.2159
SD XVI.F.2160
Provenance:
Auctor Sebaldus Munsterus e Norimberga misit.
[Johannes Poliander] (18th century note: possessor eius qui videtur esse Joh. Poliander alias Grammann).
α (numbering by H. Zell); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 356.2 (former shelfmark); 22.28, 272.1 (former shelfmark crossed out); remains of label on the spine.
Few underlinings. Marks of water damage.
Binding: pigskin over cardboard.
Pentateuchus, Liber Iosue, Liber Iudicum, Libri Regum, Novum Testamentum.
Wittenberg: Nickel Schirlentz, 1529. 2°.
Not in USTC. VD16 Z-1534. SD XVI.F.2160
SD XVI.F.2195–2196 adl.
Provenance:
Constat j fl[oreno]
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jo[annes] Grauman sibi et amicis comparabat.
Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 3.17, C.8, 316.13 (former shelfmark crossed out); 46.4, 403.11 (former shelfmark); Ba 22 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes in various hands on the upper endpaper and title pages, occasional glosses in several hands (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Reuchlin, Johannes
Principium libri.
[Pforzheim: Thomas Anshelm, 1506]. 2°.
USTC 686605. VD16 R-1252. SD XVI.F.2195 adl.
Reuchlin, Johannes
Liber de verbo mirifico.
[Tübingen: Thomas Anshelm, 1514]. 2°.
USTC 667860. VD16 R-1301. SD XVI.F.2196 adl.
SD XVI.F.2209–2213 adl.
Provenance:
Constat iiij gr[ossis]
5 gr[ossis] constat
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jo[annes] Grauman sibi et amicis comparabat. Constat 20 gr[ossis].
41 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 153.12, 61.2, 99.7 (former shelfmark crossed out); 72.12, 420.10 (former shelfmark); Bb 77 (shelfmark label on spine).
Occasional interlinear glosses and notes in various hands. Underlinings in red (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps. 14th century manuscript leaf used as hinge reinforcement.
Tritonius, Petrus
Melopoiae sive Harmoniae tetracenticae super XXII genera carminum.
Augsburg: Erhard Oeglin, Johann Rynmann, 1507. 2°.
Not in USTC. VD16 M-4465. SD XVI.F.2209 adl.
Iuvenalis, Decimus Iunius
Iuuenalis nuperrime editus cum commentariis Ioannis Britannnici.
Milan: Leonard Vegius, 1511. 2°.
Not in USTC. SD XVI.F.2210 adl.
Claudianus, Claudius
Proserpinae raptus cum Iani Parrhasii commentariis.
Milan: Giovanni Giacomo da Legnano, Johannes Angelus Scinzenzeler, 1505. 2°.
USTC 822852. SD XVI.F.2211 adl.
Poliziano, Angelo
Sylva cui titulus est Rusticus.
[Paris]: Josse Bade, [1519]. 2°.
USTC 145155 [4°]. SD XVI.F.2212 adl.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni Francesco
Hymni heroici tres, ad Sanctissimam Trinitatem, ad Christum, et ad virginem Mariam, una cum commentariis luculentiss.
[Strasbourg: Matthias Schürer, 1511]. 2°.
USTC 667781. VD16 P-2644. SD XVI.F.2213 adl.
SD XVI F.2223–2224 adl.
Provenance:
vij gr[ossis] et al[ter] li[ber] vii gr[ossis] ligator 3 gr[ossis] sum[m]a xvi gr[ossis]
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jo[annes] Grauman sibi et amicis comparabat.
253 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 135.22, 163.22, 59.19, 46.14; 122.22 (former shelfmark crossed out); 60.23, 67.4 (former shelfmark); Ob 62 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes in two hands on the upper endpaper. Notes in various hand on the title page of Antiquitatum variorum … and occasional glosses in one hand (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards.
Boccaccio, Giovanni
Genealogia deorum gentilium.
Paris: Louis Hornken and Denis Roce, 1511. 2°.
USTC 143802. SD XVI F 2223 adl.
Nanni, Giovanni
Antiquitatum variarum volumina XVII.
[Paris]: Josse Bade and Jean Petit, 1512. 2°.
USTC 187212 . SD XVI F 2224 adl.
SD XVI.F.2287–2288 adl.
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Grauman sibi et amicis co[m]parabat. Constat 38 gr[ossis].
12 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 90.19, 122.25, (former shelfmark crossed out); 418.20, 73.2 (former shelfmark); Bb 65 2º (shelfmark); Bb 65 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes in two hands on the endpaper and title page. Occasional glosses and underlinings (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus
Lucubrationes omnes … Erasmi Roterodami cura, si non ab omnibus, certe ab innumeris mendis repurgatae.
Basel, [Johann Froben], 1515. 2°.
USTC 667432. VD16 S-5758. SD XVI.F.2287 adl.
Tyrius, Maximus
Sermones e Graeca in Latinam linguam versi Cosmo Paccio interprete.
Rome: Giacomo Mazzocchi, 1517. 2°.
USTC 841641. SD XVI.F.2288 adl.
SD XVI.F.2372–2373 adl.
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Gramman sibi et amicis comparabat. Constat 30 gr[ossis].
18 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 151.16, 108.7, 58.18 (former shelfmark crossed out); 55.4, 199.11 (former shelfmark); T 11 (shelfmark label on spine).
Notes on the upper endpaper and occasional glosses in several hands (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni (1463–1494)
Omnia opera.
Reggio Emilia: Lodovico Mazzali, 1506. 2°.
USTC 848409. SD XVI.F.2372 adl.
Bellanti, Lucio
Defensio astrologiae contra Ioannem Picum Mirandulam.
Venice: Bernardino Vitali, 1502. 2°.
USTC 813182. SD XVI.F. 2373 adl.
SD XVI.Qu.1145–1178 adl.
Provenance:
XLIV (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 49.13 (former shelfmark crossed out); 144.11, 377.10 (former shelfmark); T 78; 2 (shelfmark label on spine); T 78/II (shelfmark).
Handwritten list of the books in the volume (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Zwick, Johannes
Underrichtug warumb die Ee uß menschlichem gsatz in vyl grad verbottrn sey und das die vereeungrn Goettlich geschehen und aber von dem menschen ungoettlich zertrent widerumb soellind bestaetiget warden.
[Basel: Valentin Curio, ca. 1524]. 4°.
USTC 701651. VD16 Z-736. SD XVI.Qu.1145 adl.
Die Messe von den priesterlichen Hochzeiten.
[Augsburg: Sigmund Grimm and Marx Wirsung, 1522]. 4°.
USTC 636949. VD16 M-5492. SD XVI.Qu.1146 adl.
Firn, Anton
Supplication des Pfarrhers unnd der pfarrkinder zu Sant Thomam eim ersamen Rath zu Straßburg am. XII. Decembr. überantwurt. Anno MDXXIII.
[Strasbourg: Wolfgang Köpfel, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 695038. VD16 F-1124. SD XVI.Qu.1147 adl.
Zell, Matthäus
Ein Collation auff die einfürug M. Anthonij Pfarrherrs zu S. Thomas zu Stassburg unnd Katherine seines eelichen gemallhels.
[Strasbourg: Wolfgang Köpfel, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 643144. VD16 Z-354. SD XVI.Qu.1148 adl.
Bucer, Martin
Nit vrteylen vor der zeyt. Verantwortung M. Butzers vff das jm seine widerwertigen, ein theil mit der worheit, ein theil mit lügen, zum aergsten zumessen.
[Strasbourg: Johann Schott, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 678152. VD16 B-8931. SD XVI.Qu.1149 adl.
Capito, Wolfgang
An den hochwürdigen Fürsten und Herren Wilhelm, Bischof von Straßburg und Landgraf zu Elsass.
[Strasbourg: Wolfgang Köpfel, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 632472. VD16 C-813. SD XVI.Qu.1150 adl.
Capito, Wolfgang
Dass die Pfaffheit schuldig sei bürgerlichen Eid zu tun ohne Verletzung ihrer Ehre.
[Augsburg: Philipp Ulhart], 1525. 4°.
USTC 627088. VD16 C-821. SD XVI.Qu.1151 adl.
Stifel, Michael
Antwort Michel Styfels uff Doctor Thoman Murnars murnarrische phantasey so er wider yn erdichtet hat.
[Strasbourg: Johann Knobloch, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 612162. VD16 S-9005. SD XVI.Qu.1152 adl.
Capito, Wolfgang
Verwarnung der Diener des Worts und der Brüder zu Straßburg. An die Brüder von Landen und Stetten gemeiner Eidgnoßschafft. Wider die gotslesterige Disputation Bruder Conradts, Augustiner ordens Provincial.
[Strasbourg: Wolfgang Köpfel], 1524. 4°.
USTC 700911. VD16 C-842. SD XVI.Qu.1153 adl.
Bucer, Martin
Ein kurtzer warhafftiger bericht von disputationen und gantzen handel so zwischen cunrat treger provincial der Augustiner und den predigern des Evangelii zu Straßburg sich begeben hat. Sein des tregers sendtbrieff an den Bischoff zu Losan und hundert paradoxa vom gewalt der schrifft Kirchen unnd Concilien
[Strasbourg: Johann Schott, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 644558. VD16 B-8897. SD XVI.Qu.1154 adl.
Regius, Philadelphus
Von Lutherischen wunderzaychenn.
[Augsburg?: Ramminger?, 1524?]. 4°.
Not in USTC. VD16 R-608? SD XVI.Qu.1155 adl.
Kettenbach, Heinrich von
Ein New Apologia und Verantworttung Martini Luthers wider der Papisten.
[Bamberg: Georg Erlinger], 1523. 4°.
USTC 644869. VD16 K-799. SD XVI.Qu.1156 adl.
Apell, Nikolaus
Ingolstadii XI Aprilis anni praesentis vicesimiquarti, publica disputatione per Sacrae theologiae professores, examinabuntur.
[Ingolstadt: Andreas Lutz, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 666602. VD16 I-193. SD XVI.Qu.1157 adl.
Probst, Jakob
Epistola ad auditores suos antwerpienses fratris Jacobi praepositi Augustiniani quondam prioris antuuerpiensis historia utriusque captivitatis propter verbum Dei.
[Wittenberg: Johann Rhau-Grunenberg], 1522. 4°.
USTC 658206. VD16 P-4914. SD XVI.Qu.1158 adl.
Blarer, Ambrosius
Wahrhafte Verantwortung Ambrosii einen ehrsamen weisen Konstanz anzeigend warum aus wiederum hineinbegeben wolle.
[Augsburg: Sigmund Grimm, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 704916. VD16 B-5700. SD XVI.Qu.1159 adl.
Blarer, Ambrosius
Ir gwalt ist veracht ir kunst wirt verlacht.
[Augsburg: Philipp Ulhart], 1524. 4°.
Not in USTC. VD16 B-5684. SD XVI.Qu.1160 adl.
Briesmann, Johannes
Unterricht und Ermanung an die Christlich gemeyn zu Cottbus.
[Wittenberg: Johann Rhau-Grunenberg], 1523. 4°.
USTC 70000. VD16 B-8307. SD XVI.Qu.1161 adl.
Billicanus, Theobald
Allen Christen zu Erfurt samt den Predigern und diener Gnade und Friede in Christo Jesu an die christelich Kirch versamlung ainem ersamen Radt und Gemain der Stat Weyl.
[Augsburg: Melchior Ramminger], 1522. 4°.
USTC 636524. VD16 G-1552. SD XVI.Qu.1162 adl.
Hutten, Ulrich
Ein demütige Ermanung an ein gemeyne statt Wormbß.
[Speyer: Jakob Schmidt, 1522]. 4°.
USTC 643156. VD16 H-6318. SD XVI.Qu.1163 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Brief an Franciscus von Sickingen, seinen vetter des edeln und ehrnvhesten Hartmudts von Cronberg tzwen brieff eyner an Romische Kayserliche Majestat und der ander an Franciscus von Sickingen seinen vettern dergotlichen und Evangelischen ler und warheit zu furderung geschrieben.
[Wittenberg: Melchior Lotter, 1521]. 4°.
USTC 635098. VD16 C-5911. SD XVI.Qu.1164 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Drey Christliche schrift des Edlen von Ernuesten Hartmudts vonn Cronenberg.
Wittenberg: Melchior Lotter, 1522. 4°.
USTC 641329. VD16 C-5924. SD XVI.Qu.1165 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Ein Schrift und Christlich vermanung an die Strengen vesten Ersamen unnd weisen Meister unnd Rath zu Straßburgk.
[Strasbourg: Johann Schott], 1523. 4°.
USTC 646733. VD16 C-5932. SD XVI.Qu.1166 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Schrifften wider Doctor Peter Meyer Pfarrher zu Franckfurt sein verblendt verstockt unnd Unchristlich leer betreffendt. Sampt zweyer gegenantworten des selben Pfarrher. Zwei gegenantworten.
[Strasbourg: Johann Schott, 1522]. 4°.
USTC 692519. VD16 C-5933. SD XVI.Qu.1167 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Ein treüwe vermanung an alle ständ unnd geschickten auff dem Reichßtag yetzund zu Nürenburg von einem armen veriagten vom adel mit beger solliche vermanung und treüwen radt zu hoeren bedencken und anzunemen von aller edlen wegen die keinen standt im Reich haben.
[Augsburg: Sigmund Grimm, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 647191. VD16 C-5939. SD XVI.Qu.1168 adl.
Sickingen, Franz von
Ein send brieff so der edel und ernuest Franciscus von Sickingen seynem schweher dem edlen juncker Diethem von Henschuchßheim zu underrichtung etzlicher artickel Christliches glaubens zugeschickt hadt.
[Bamberg or Coburg: Georg Erlinger or Aegidius Fellenfürst, 1522]. 4°.
USTC 645687. VD16 S-6311. SD XVI.Qu.1169 adl.
Cronberg, Hartmuth von
Eyn sendbrieff an Bapst Adrianum: daryn mit Christlichem warhafftigen grund angetzeigt wurd eyn sicherer heylsamer weg zu ausreuttung aller kettzereyen: und zu heylsamer rettung gantzer Christenheyt von des Turcken tyranney.
Wittenberg: [Lukas Cranach I, Christian Döring], 1523. 4°.
USTC 656444. VD16 C-5937. SD XVI.Qu.1170 adl.
Rhegius, Urbanus
Ein bannbrieff des Bapsts und gantzen Endtchristischen Reichs. Darbey ein gnadenbrieff des Goettlichen und Himmelschen Ablaß allen christglaeubigen troestlich.
[Nuremberg: Hans Hergot, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 642478. VD16 ZV-1022. SD XVI.Qu.1171 adl.
Bugenhagen, Johannes
Ain Christlicher sendprieff an frauw Anna geborne Hertzogin von Stetin in Pomern summma der seligkait auß der Hailigen Schrifft.
[Augsburg: Simprecht Ruff, 1525]. 4°.
USTC 609760. VD16 B-9292. SD XVI.Qu.1172 adl.
Peringer, Diepold
Des Christlichen pawern getrewer rath. Wie die christglawbig seel ain gesprech mit dem menschlichen flaysch taeglich halten und betrachten soll.
[Nuremberg: Hieronymus Höltzel, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 634956. VD16 P-1387. SD XVI.Qu.1173 adl.
Osiander, Andreas
Eyn sendbrieff an eyn Christlich gemayn nützlich zulesen.
Nuremberg: [Hieronymus Höltzel], 1523. 4°.
USTC 656436. VD16 O-1101. SD XVI.Qu.1174 adl.
Schwarzenberg, Johann
Ein schöner sendtbrief des wolgepornen und edeln Herrn Johannsen Herrn zu Schwartzenberg an Bischoff zu Bamberg außgangen darinn er treffenliche und Christenliche ursachen anzeigt wie und waruemb er sein tochter auß dem Closter daselbst zum heyligen grab genant hinweg gefuert.
Nuremberg: [Friedrich Peypus], 1524. 4°.
USTC 646670. VD16 S-4736. SD XVI.Qu.1175 adl.
Langenwalde, Hans Magnus von
Ein Christliche Ermanung zu furdern das wortt Gottis ahn den Hernn Bischoff von Breslaw.
[Wrocław, Kaspar Libisch, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 642797. VD16 L-367. SD XVI.Qu.1176 adl.
Ulrich von Württemberg
Des durchleuchtigen hochgebornen Fürsten und Herrn Hern Ulrich Hertzog zu Wirtenberg unnd Teck Grave zu Mümpelgart .&c. Missive an die gubernator der stat bisantz in der ein Christlicher handel zu Mümpelgart verloffen mit grüntlicher warheit angezeigt würt.
[Basel: Andreas Cratander, 1524]. 4°.
USTC 635069. VD16 W-4449. SD XVI.Qu.1177 adl.
Apologia inclyti senatus populique Vratislaviensis pro novi pastoris nova electione.
[Wrocław: Kaspar Libisch, 1523]. 4°.
USTC 612474. VD16 B-8005. SD XVI.Qu.1178 adl.
SD XVI.Qu.1179–1180 adl.
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is] comp[ar]abat. Constat 14 gr[ossis].
LXV (numbering by H. Zell, Public Library Königsberg).
[Hippel Theodor Gottlieb von].
Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 160.b.8 (former shelfmark crossed out); 74.15, 73.9 (former shelfmark); H[ippelsche] B[ibliothek] Ph 4 (shelfmark label on spine); H.B. Ph 4 quarto (shelfmark).
Handwritten notes on the title pages and endpapers and glosses in several hands (16th century).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Beroaldo, Filippo
Opuscula quae in hoc volumine continentur haec sunt. Declamatio Philippi Beroaldi libellus de optimo statu & principe. Oratio proverbiorum condita a PhilippoBeroaldo.Quadoctrina remotior continetur. Declamatio Philippi Beroaldi contra scortatorem & de ebrioso Aleatorem. Philippi Beroaldi heptalogos sive septem sapientes
[Venice: Giorgio Rusconi, 1508]. 4°.
USTC 814189. SD XVI.Qu.1179 adl.
Marschalk, Nikolaus
Enchiridion poetarum clarissimorum.
[Erfurt: Nikolaus Marschalk, 1502]. 4°.
USTC 650387. VD16 ZV-10418. SD XVI.Qu.1180 adl.
SD XVI.Qu.1994–1999 adl.
Provenance:
Co[n]stat xv gr[ossi]s
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jooannes Grauman sibi et amic[is] co[m]pa[ra]bat.
LXXV (numbering by H. Zell, Public Library Königsberg).
[Hippel Theodor Gottlieb von].
Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); [?].23 (former shelfmark crossed out and partly smudgy); 90.8, 62.5 (former shelfmark); H[ippelsche] B[ibliothek] Ph 3(shelfmark label on spine); H.B. Ph 3 (shelfmark).
Interlinear glosses, notes on the title pages in several hands (16th century).
Binding: Blind-stamped pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps wainting.
Manuscript leaf (Missale, feria 4 post Dom. 4 Quadragesimae, 14th century) used as hinge reinforcement
Baptista, Mantuanus
Poete nostro tempore prestantissimi Baptiste Mantuani Egloge.
Leipzig: Wolfgang Stöckel, 1505. 4°.
VD16 S-7173. ??? SD XVI.Qu.1994 adl.
Baptista, Mantuanus
Celebrandi patris Baptiste Mantuani carmelite theologi parthenices prime liber primus.
[Wittenberg: Wolfgang Stöckel, 1504]. 4°.
USTC 620878. VD16 S-7318. SD XVI.Qu.1995 adl.
Baptista, Mantuanus
Divinum secundem parthenices opus sanctissime vginis Catharine passionem heroico carmine complectens non minus cultum qua pium.
[Leipzig: Wolfgang Stöckel, 1503]. 4°.
USTC 615193. VD16 S-7335. SD XVI.Qu.1996 adl.
Baptista, Mantuanus
Fratris Baptiste Mantuani carmelite theologi et poete prestantissimi parthenice tertia divarum. Margarite agathes lucie et apolonie agonas continens.
[Leipzig: Wolfgang Stöckel, 1505]. 4°.
USTC 658202. VD16 S-7354. SD XVI.Qu.1997 adl.
Sedulius Caelius
Opus paschale, oratione soluta conscriptum iuxta seriem totius Evangelii metrice congestum atque Paschale carmen prenotatum.
Leipzig: Jakob Thanner, 1502. 4°.
USTC 2212432. VD16 S-5241. SD XVI.Qu.1998 adl.
Petrarca, Francesco
Opusculum remediorum adverse fortue ex Francisco Petrarcha oratore et poeta sane clarissimo ut si de re qua piam doleas: remedium tibi respondendo affert: dolore ne nimio conficiaris.
[Leipzig: Jakob Thanner, 1504]. 4°.
USTC 679829. VD16 P-1732. SD XVI.Qu.1999 adl.
SD XVI.Qu.6018–6023 adl.
Provenance:
Co[n]stat 11 gr[ossis]. (16th century).
Omnis legendi labor legendo superatur Jooannes Grauman sibi et amic[is] co[m]pa[ra]bat.
LXXVII (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 62.14 (former shelfmark crossed out); 56.32, 193.33 (former shelfmark); T 32 (shelfmark label on spine).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps. Manuscript leaf (Thomas de Aquino, In libros Physicorum, 15th century?) used as hinge reinforcement.
Hessus, Helius Eobanus
Heroidum Christianarum epistolae.
[Leipzig: Melchior Lotter, 1514]. 4°.
USTC 661904. VD16 E-1506. SD XVI.Qu.6018 adl.
Busche, Hermann von dem
Sermo Colonie in celebri synodo ad clerum dictus.
[Cologne: Heinrich Quentel (heirs of), 1509]. 4°.
USTC 662124. VD16 B 9946. SD XVI.Qu.6019 adl.
Lobkowitz von Hassenstein, Bohuslaw
Opuscula.
[Leipzig: Melchior Lotter d. Ä., 1509]. 4°.
USTC 679790. VD16 L-2176. SD XVI.Qu.6020 adl.
Emser, Hieronymus
Dialogismus Hieronymi Emser de origine propinandi vulgo compotandi: et an sit toleranda compotatio in rep. Bene instituta nec ne.
[Leipzig: Jakob Thanner, 1513]. 4°.
USTC 635917. VD16 E-1113. SD XVI.Qu.6021 adl.
Ausonius, Decimus Magnus
Libellus de ludo septem sapientum. Thilonini philymni choleamynterium in felliflvum philymnomastigiam hercinefurdensem.
[Wittenberg: Johann Rhau-Grunenberg, 1515]. 4°.
USTC 631966. VD16 A-4397. SD XVI.Qu.6022 adl.
Kitscher, Johann von
Virtutis et fortune dissidentium certamen. Leonis pontificis arbitri sententia: discussum. Joannis de kiczscher doctoris j.u. Prepositi Aldenburgeñ. etc. Dialogus.
Leipzig: [Melchior Lotter I], 1515. 4°.
USTC 701399. VD16 K-1101. SD XVI.Qu.6023 adl.
SD XVI.O.1124–1137 adl.
Provenance:
Omnis legendi labor legendo sup[er]atur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is] comp[ar]abat. Constat 10 gr[ossis].
146 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 17.23, 18.1.23 (former shelfmark crossed out); 22.10, 1.235.15 (former shelfmark); Ca 142 (shelfmark label on spine); Ca 142 8° (shelfmark).
Handwritten list of the books in the volume (16th century).
Binding: blind stamped brown calf over wooden boards with two clasps.
Luther, Martin
Tessaradecas consolatoria pro laborantibus et onerantibus.
Wittenberg: [Josef Klug], 1535/1536. 8°.
USTC 696197. VD16 L-6739 SD XVI.O.1124 adl.
Rhegius, Urbanus
Disputatio de restitutione regni Israelitici contra omnes omnium seculorum Chiliastas
[Augsburg: Heinrich von Augsburg Steiner], 1536. 8°.
USTC 631299. VD16 R-1877. SD XVI.O.1125 adl.
Breydenbach, Bernhard von
Peregrinatio ad terram sanctam.
Wittenberg: [Nickel Schirlentz], 1536. 8°.
USTC 683408. VD16 B-8260. SD XVI.O.1126 adl.
Melanchthon, Philipp
Catechismus puerilis, id est, institutio puerorum in sacris.
Wittenberg: [Georg Rhau], 1536. 8°.
USTC 620224. VD16 M-4423. SD XVI.O.1127 adl.
Corvinus, Antonius
Loci in evangelia cum dominicalia tum de sanctis, ut vocant, ita adnotati, ut vel commentarii vice esse possint.
[Wittenberg: Peter Seitz], 1536. 8°.
USTC 673159. VD16 C-5408. SD XVI.O.1128 adl.
Luther, Martin
Conciunculae quaedam Martini Lutheri amico cuidam praescriptae.
Wittenberg: [Nickel Schirlentz], 1537. 8°.
USTC 622948 [4°]. VD16 L-4232. SD XVI.O.1129 adl.
Hus, Jan
Epistolae quaedam piissimae et eruditissimae Johannis Hus, quae solae satis declarant papistarum pietates, esse satanae furias.
Wittenberg: Hans Lufft, 1537. 8°.
USTC 651655. VD16 H-6165. SD XVI.O.1130 adl.
Hus, Jan
Disputatio Joannis Hus, quam absoluit dum ageret Constantiae, priusqua in carcerem coniiceretur.
Wittenberg: [Nickel Schirlentz], 1537. 8°.
USTC 638713. VD16 H-6164. SD XVI.O.1131 adl.
Pasquilli de concilio Mantuano Iudicium.
Rom in Porta Angelorum [Wittenberg, Nickel Schirlentz], 1537. 8°.
USTC 802801. VD16 P-830. SD XVI.O.1132 adl.
Melanchthon, Philipp
Oratio de ingratitudine cuculi.
Wittenberg: [s. n.], 1537. 8°.
Not in USTC. VD16 B-2054. SD XVI.O.1133 adl.
Alberus, Erasmus
Utilissima praecepta morum, ex variis autoribus collecta, et Germanicis rythmis reddita.
Haguenau: Valentin Kobian, 1537. 8°.
USTC 2216743. VD16 ZV-32027. SD XVI.O.1134 adl.
Ein Sermon vom Abendmal des Herrn geprediget zu Königssberg yn Preussen anno 1536.
Königsberg: Hans Weinreich, [1536]. 8°.
Not in USTC. Not in VD16 SD XVI.O.1135 adl.
Rhegius, Urbanus
Ein Sendbrieff an das gantz Convent des Jungfrawen-Closters Wynhusen, wider das unchristliche gesang Salve Regina.
Wittenberg: Joseph Klug, 1537. 8°.
USTC 646815. VD16 R-1962. SD XVI.O.1136 adl.
Luther, Martin
Methodus, quid in evangeliis quaerendum et expectandum sit.
[Strasbourg: Johannes Herwagen, 1525]. 4°.
USTC 674884. VD16 L-3948. SD XVI.O.1137 adl.
SD XVI.O.2926–2928 adl.
Provenance:
4 gr[ossis]
Omnis legendi labor legendo sup[er]atur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is] comp[ar]abat. Constat 10 gr[ossis].
96 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 149.236, 43.11 (former shelfmark crossed out); 53.22, 235.4 (former shelfmark); Cb 33 (shelfmark label on spine); Cb 33 octavo (shelfmark).
Binding: blind-stamped pigskin over cardboard, remnants of leather ties. Manuscript leaf (14th century?) used as hinge reinforcement.
Marulić, Marko
Quinquaginta parabole.
Venice: Peter Liechtenstein, Francesco Consorti, 1517. 8°.
USTC 841261. SD XVI.O.2926 adl.
Exorcismi contra demoniacos diversorum sanctorum approbati, cum benedictionibus necessariis, ac cum cathecumino et baptism.
Venice: Simone da Lovere, 1513. 8°.
USTC 800292. SD XVI.O.2927 adl.
Reuchlin, Johannes
In septem psalmos poenitentiales hebraicos interpretatio.
Tübingen: Thomas Anshelm, 1512. 8°.
USTC 667859. VD16 B-3406 SD XVI.O.2928 adl.
SD XVI.O.3103
Omnis legendi labor legendo sup[er]atur Joannes Grauman sibi et a[m]ic[is] comp[ar]abat constat 9 gr[ossis].
101 (numbering by H. Zell); Ex Bibliotheca Veteris Oppidi Regiomont. (stamp); Stadtbibliothek Koegnigsberg (stamp); 145.a.17, 43.4 (former shelfmark crossed out); 16.b, 235.3 (former shelfmark); Ca 137 (shelfmark); Ca 137 (shelfmark label on spine).
Binding: blind-stamped half pigskin over wooden boards with two clasps.
Marulić, Marko
De institutione benevivendi per exempla sanctorum.
Venice: Francesco Consorti, Bernardino Vitali, 1506. 8°.
USTC 841258.
Janusz Tondel and Arkadiusz Wagner, The Silver Library of Duke Albrecht of Prussia and his Wife Anna Maria (Wien: LIT Verlag, 2019), pp. 15–16.
Lately Poliander’s book collection was described by Christian Krollmann in the first chapter of his monograph on the subject of the Public Library in Königsberg. Krollmann also edited the catalogue of Poliander library described by Heinrich Zell in 1560. Christian Krollmann, Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek zu Königsberg (Königsberg: Magistrats-Druckerei, 1929).
Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie (München: K. G. Saur Verlag, 2007), p. 13; Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (44 vols., Hamm: Verlag Traugott Bautz, 1990), 2, p. 285.
Janusz Tondel, Biblioteka Zamkowa (1529–1568) księcia Albrechta Pruskiego w Królewcu (Toruń: Wydaw. UMK, 1992), p. 11.
Tondel, Silver library, pp. 18–20.
Ernst Kuhnert, Geschichte der Staats- und Universitäts-Bibliothek zu Königsberg (Leipzig: Karl W. Hiersemann, 1926), pp. 252–253.
Tondel, The Silver Library, p. 43.
Tondel, The Silver Library, p. 21.
Tondel, Biblioteka zamkowa, p. 78.
Alicja Kurkowa, ‘Mało znany ekslibris Pawła Speratusa’, Libri Gedanenses, VIII (1976), p. 163.
Tondel, The Silver Library, p. 27.
Tondel, The Silver Library, pp. 37–38.
Tondel, Bibliotek zamkowa, pp. 29–30.
Tondel, The Silver Library, pp. 45–51.
Tondel, The Silver Library, pp. 86–88.
Tondel, The Silver Library, p. 22.
Urban Störmer: Tondel, Biblioteka zamkowa, p. 162; Andreas Aurifaber: Janusz Tondel, Książka w dawnym Królewcu Pruskim (Toruń: Wydawnictwo UMK, 2001), p. 88; Johannes Poliander: Tondel, Książka w dawnym Królewcu, p. 93; Abraomas Kulvietis: Tondel, Biblioteka zamkowa, p. 164.
Tondel, Biblioteka zamkowa, p. 71.
Karl Heinz Burmeister, ‘Der Kartograph Heinrich Zell (1518–1564)’ in Erna Hilfstein et al. (eds.), Science and history. Studies in honor of Edward Rosen (Wrocław: Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich – Wydaw. Polskiej Akademii Nauk 1978).
Janusz Tondel, Katalog Poloników Kammerbibliothek i Nova Bibliotheca księcia Albrechta Pruskiego zachowanych w zbiorach Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu (Toruń: Wydawnictwo UMK, 1991), p. IV; Krzysztof Nierzwicki, ‘Królewiecki egzemplarz De humani corporis fabrica Andreasa Vesaliusa (Bazylea 1555) w zbiorach Biblioteki Wyższego Seminarium Duchownego Metropolii Warmińskiej Hosianum w Olsztynie’, Z Badań nad Książką i Księgozbiorami Historycznymi, 15:1 (2021), p. 37.
‘Catalogus librorum qui conseruantur in Bibliotheca Ecclesiae parochialis veteris urbis Regiomontanae ex Testamente Reuerend. D. Joannis Poliandri vel Grauman, anno 1560, conscriptus ab illustriss. principis Alberti Borussorum ducis bibliothecario Heinricho Zellio Agrippinate.’ Printed in Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek zu Königsberg (cf. note 2).
Tondel, Biblioteka zamkowa, p. 177.
Krollmann, Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek, pp. 21–25.
It is worth mentioning that, before World War II, Prof. Otto Günther located books from Poliander’s library in the Municipal Library in Gdańsk: Otto Günther, ‘Lateinische Gedichte des Johannes Poliander’, Zeitschrift des Westpreussischen Geschichtsvereins, 49 (1907), pp. 351–381; Otto Günther, Katalog der Handschriften der Danziger Stadtbibliothek (Danzig: Kommissions-Verlag der L. Saunierschen Buch- und Kunsthandlung, 1909), 3, p. 296 (Ms. 2436).
Henryk Baranowski, Zbiory biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu, ich rozwój i kierunki przyszłego kształtowania in B. Ryszewski (ed.), Studia o działalności i zbiorach Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, cz. 5, (Toruń: Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Biblioteka Uniwersytecka, 1990) p. 28. For more information about the collections from Königsberg in University Library in Toruń, see: Maria Strutyńska, ‘Alte Drucke Königsberger Provenienz in den Beständen der Universitätsbibliothek Toruń’ in Axel Walter (ed.), Königsberger Buch- und Bibliotheksgeschichte (Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2004).
Spandowski, Catalogue of Incunabula, 1, p. 19; Bernhard Fabian et al. (eds.), Handbuch Deutscher Historischer Buchbestände in Europa, (Hildesheim: Olms-Weidmann, 1999), 6, p. 57. Klaus Garber, ‘Königsberger Bücher in Polen, Litauen und Rußland’, Zeitschrift für Regionalgeschichte, 4 (1995), p. 33.
Walther Hubatsch, ‘Königsberger Frühdrucke in westdeutschen und ausländischen Bibliotheken’, in Acta Prussica: Abhandlungen zur Geschichte Ost- und Westpreußens (Würzburg: Holzner-Verlag, 1968); Walther Hubatsch, ‘Königsberger Frühdrucke in Bibliotheken des Ostens’, Preußenland, 9 (1971), pp. 1–11; Manfred Komorowski, ‘Das Schicksal der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Königsberg’, Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis, 4:2 (1980).
Fifty incunabula from Königsberg, in most cases from Königsberg State and University Library, are described in: Maria Strutyńska, Katalog inkunabułów Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu (Toruń: Wydawnictwo UMK, 1995). Sixty-six medieval codices from Königsberg State and University Library are described in: Marta Czyżak with collaboration from Monika Jakubek-Raczkowska and Arkadiusz Wagner, Katalog rękopisów średniowiecznych Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu (Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2016).
Maria Cubrzyńska-Leonarczyk (ed.), Katalog druków XV i l wieku w zbiorach Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Warszawie: Zbiorczy indeks proweniencyjny (8 vols., Warszawa, Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, 2018), 8.
Arkadiusz Wagner, ‘Z dedykacją dla książęcego syna: O renesansowej oprawie królewieckiej Kaspra Anglera w zbiorach Biblioteki Kórnickiej’, Pamiętnik Biblioteki Kórnickiej, 37 (2020), p. 65.
Michał Spandowski in collaboration with Sławomir Szyller, descriptions of bookbindings prepared by Maria Brynda, Catalogue of Incunabula in the National Library of Poland (2 vols., Warszawa: Biblioteka Narodowa, 2020).
There are no manuscripts from Poliander’s library in the National Library of Poland described in: Jerzy Kaliszuk, Sławomir Szyller, Inwentarz rękopisów do połowy XVI wieku w zbiorach Biblioteki Narodowej (Warszawa: Biblioteka Narodowa, 2012).
Inc.1344–1346 adl., Inc.F.1337–1338 adl., Inc.F.1357–1358 adl., XVI.F.2136–2137 adl., XVI.F.2151 a–c adl., XVI.F.2159 adl., XVI.F.2195–2196 adl., XVI.F.2209–2213 adl., XVI.F.2223–2224 adl., XVI.F.2287–2288 adl. XVI.Qu.1179–1180 adl., XVI.Qu.1994–1999 adl., XVI.Qu.6018–6023 adl., XVI.O.2926–2928 adl., XVI.O.3103; XVI.F.2372–2373.
Tondel, The Silver Library, p. 23.
David Pearson, Provenance Research in Book History (Oxford: Bodleian Library, 2019), pp. 37–39.
254 = SD XVI.F.317–318 adl.; 146 = XVI.O.1124–1137 adl.; XLIV = SD XVI.Qu.1145–1178 adl.
SD XVI.F.2160 – Zell, Catalogus, Libri non compacti
SD XVI.O.1117–1123 adl.
Carolus Eduardus Foerstemann (ed.), Album Academiae Vitebergensis ab a. Ch. MDII usque ad a. MDLX ex autographo, (Leipzig: Karl Tauchnitz,1841), p. 150. Vallis Joachima is the latin name for Jáchymov in Czechia or Joachimsthal in Brandenburg. In the National Library of Poland is a second early printed book that belonged to Langer: Iunii Iuvenalis et a Persii Flacci Satyrae, (Basileae: Froben & Episcopius, 1551), VD16 J 1240; call number: SD XVI.F.327.
Philipp Melanchthon, De ecclesiae authoritatate et de veterum scriptis libellis (Wittenberg: Klug, 1539), VD16 M 3080; Philipp Melanchthon, Sententiae ex sacris scripturis collectae, quae docent praecipuum cultum Dei esse, promovere Evangelium (Wittenberg: Klug, 1539), USTC 693323; Antonius Corvinus, Quatenus expediat aeditam recens Erasmi de sarcienda ecclesiae concordia rationem sequi, tantisper dum adparatur synodus, iuditium (Wittenberg, Schirlentz, 1534) USTC 689386; Heinrich VIII, Epistola de Synodo Vincentina (Vitebergae: Seitz, 1539), USTC 693512; Heinrich VIII, Illustrissimi ac potentissimi regis, senatus, populique Angliae sententia et de eo Concilio, quod Paulus episc. Romanus Mantuae futurum simulavit et de ea bulla, quae ad Calendas Novembres id prorogarit (Witemberg: Lufft, 1537), USTC 665110; Urbanus Rhegius, Cur et quomodo christianum concilium debeat esse liberum (Vitebergae, Klug, 1537), VD16 R 1755; Caspar Cruciger, Enarratio symboli Niceni (Wittenberg, Lufft, 1550), USTC 650060.
Inc.F.1345 adl. GW 2740.
Appianus, Historia Romana, (Venezia: Ch. de Pensis, 1500), GW 2291, Inc.F.1337 adl. and Eusebius Caesariensis, De evangelica praeparatione (Venezia: [Bartholomaeus de Zanis], 1500), GW 9445, Inc.F.1358 adl.
SD XVI.O.1135 adl.
The relations of Luther with printers in Wittenberg was recently described by Andrew Pettegree, Marka Luter: Rok 1517; Druk i początki Reformacji (Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Krytyki Politycznej, 2017), pp. 58–60, 136–142, 312–315.
SD XVI.F.317–318 adl.; SD XVI.F.2195–2196 adl.; SD XVI.F.2209; SD XVI.F.2151; SD XVI.F.2372; SD XVI.F.2287; SD XVI.F.2287; XVI.F.2224 adl. and Inc.F.1345 adl.
Inc.F.1344–1346 adl.
SD XVI.F. 317–318 adl., SD XVI.F.2287–2288 adl.; SD XVI.F.2195–2196 adl.
SD XVI.Qu.1145–1178 adl. and SD XVI.O.1124–1137 adl.
Inc.F.1337–1338 adl.; SD XVI.F.2136–2137 adl.
SD XVI.F.2223–2224 adl.
The exceptions are SD XVI.F.2160 and SD XVI.O.1117–1123 adl. The volume SD XVI.F.2195 has unreadable Zell number.
SD XVI.F.2223–2224.
Spandowski, Catalogue of Incunabula, no. 96 and 330. One of the Poliander’s sixteenth-century volumes has the same blind stamps SD XVI.F.2223–2224.
Spandowski, Catalogue of Incunabula, no. 73.
Fragment of fourteenth-century missal, feria 4 post Dom. 4 Quadragesimae SD XVI.Qu.1994–1999 adl., Thomas Aquinas, In libros Physicorum, fifteenth century (?) SD XVI.Qu.6018–6023 adl., and probably fourteenth-century manuscript SD XVI.O.2926–2928 adl. Identification mas made by Sławomir Szyller, Polish Academy of Science.
Krollman, Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek, pp. 26–27.
Maria Strutyńska, Struktura proweniencyjna zbioru starych druków Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej w Toruniu (Toruń: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 1999), p. 16.
Anke Lindemann-Stark and Werner Stark, ‘Beobachtungen und Funde zu Königsberger Beständen des 18. Jahrhunderts’, Nordost Archiv, 4:1 (1995), p. 69. SD.Qu.1179–1180 adl. = LXV = H.B. Ph.4.4°; SD XVI.Qu.1994–1999 adl. = LXXV = H.B. Ph.3.4°. SD.Qu.1179–1180 adl. = LXV = H.B. Ph.; SD XVI.Qu.1994–1999 adl. = LXXV = H.B. Ph.
Krollmann, Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek, p. 80.
Krollmann, Geschichte der Stadtbibliothek, p. 53.
The excellent example of a historic library reconstruction would be Catalogue of the Riga Jesuit College Book Collection (1583–1621): History and reconstruction of the collection, eds. Andris Levāns and Gustavs Strenga (Rīga: Latvijas Nacionālā biblioteka, 2021), pp. 215–560, catalogue compiled by Renāte Berga and Laura Kreigere-Liepiņa, and Bibliotheca Rediviva (16th Century Prints from Former Stargard Libraries), compiled by Micahł Spandowski and Agata Michalska (Szczecin: The Pomerian Library in Szczecin, 2021). The history of libraries in Stargard after Second World War was similar to the history of libraires in Königsberg. The collections were moved to several other cities; Bibliotheca Rediviva, pp. 67–69.