Index
Aberdare
96
,
200
absentee
holder
225
land
27
,
73
,
87
,
115
,
118
,
124
,
135
,
140
,
142
,
171
,
177
,
190
,
215
,
223
,
228
,
230
See also land, seemingly vacant
landlord
22
,
59
,
81
,
95
,
113 –114
,
156
,
171 –172
,
175 –176
,
190
,
194
,
214
,
230
livestock owners
81
,
95
,
113
,
116
access opportunism
33
,
125
Adams, William M.
146
,
148
african elite
58
,
60
See also political elite
Africanisation
63
,
66
,
100
,
129
,
131
,
148
,
165
,
167
,
181
,
219
,
223
,
232
africanise
13
,
23
,
87
,
155
,
229
,
232
Agricultural Finance Corporation (afc)
88
,
164 –165
Akiwumi report
76 –77
Anderson, Benedict
87
Anderson, David
57
autochthony
9
,
27
,
29
,
68
,
75
,
78 –79
,
86 –87
,
96
,
100
,
229 –230
See also ethnic competition; othering
balloting
136
,
166
,
212
Baragoi
102
Baringo
6
,
8
,
13
,
41
,
200
,
216
,
226
,
228
Berry, Sara
27
,
169
,
203 –204
biodiversity
25
,
81
,
95
,
109 –110
,
112
,
117
,
220
,
223
Boer War
43
,
67
Bollig, Michael
24
Borana
103
Boserup, Ester
34
Botkin, Daniel B.
34
Branch, Daniel
155
British administration
54
,
83
See also colonial administration
bundle of rights
27
bush fires
125
,
200
carrying capacity
34 –35
,
47
,
105
,
112
,
201 –204
,
207
cash crops
43
,
102
,
205
,
216
cattle raids
51
,
118
,
139
cattle rustling syndicate
116
charcoal
102
,
181
,
187
,
191
,
195
,
215
Churo
200
,
218 –219
Colonial administration
30
,
39
,
44
,
51
,
54
,
59
,
82
,
84
,
97
,
99
,
127 –128
,
144
,
182
,
202
See also British administration
colonisation
30
,
32
,
59
,
62
,
78
,
124
,
127
,
143
,
147
common farming areas
65
commons
32 –33
,
112
,
201
new
33
communal ownership
31
,
42
compassionate case
130
,
170
contested lands
23
,
37
,
234 –235
cooperative
25
,
67
,
73 –74
,
133
,
164
,
170
Crown Land
22
,
33
,
41
,
45
,
51
,
59
,
63
,
81 –83
,
87
,
128
,
164
,
198 –199
,
203
See also European Reserve; scheduled land; White Highlands
cultivation
43
,
69
,
194 –195
,
198
,
205
,
211
,
213
Daily Nation, the
75
,
91
detention camps
58
Dol Dol
96
,
218
Dorobo
30
,
49 –50
,
52
,
71
,
119
See also hunter-gatherers; Okiek
Dunn, Kevin
86
Dykes
123 –125
,
127
,
129 –130
,
132 –134
,
145
,
147 –148
,
153
,
165 –166
,
199
,
206
,
234
East African Standard, the
65
East African Women’s League, the 204–205, 208
ecological condition
18
,
78
,
166
,
176
Eldoret
88
,
90
elephant
3
,
19
,
110
,
120
,
122
,
147
,
152
,
194 –196
,
221
Eliot, Sir Charles
41
Elkins, Caroline
57
Emley, District Commissioner
203
empty lands
38
,
41
Emutai
40
entitlement
43
,
85
,
118
,
121
entrustment
85
environmental history
181
ethnic
affiliation
15
,
22
,
28
,
30
,
103
,
117
,
142
,
174
alliances
29
category
10
,
29
,
49
,
78
,
84
,
86
competition
103
,
132
,
134
,
144
,
167
,
170
See also autochthony; othering
construction
30
divide
29
,
84
groups 5, 8, 16, 22, 28, 43, 49, 60, 68, 74, 78, 84, 86, 96, 98, 118, 127, 132, 135, 155, 168, 192, 232ethnic violence 74
See also retaliatory attack
European Reserve
42
See also Crown Land; scheduled land; White Highlands
Evans, Lauren
146
,
148
Ewaso Narok
13
,
18
,
22
,
137
,
144
,
192
,
194
,
197
exchange Control
130
,
133
,
165
Falk Moore, Sally
169
farming
large-scale
65
,
111
,
140
,
203
,
210
mixed
34
,
43
,
63
,
67
,
170
,
202
small-scale
64
,
73
,
130
,
166
,
178
,
193
,
203
,
210 –211
subsistence
17
farm size
43
firearm
6
See also weapon
flower farm
230
food crops
102
,
111
Foreign and Commonwealth Office, the 124
133
Fortmann, Louise
15
,
80
,
123
Fratkin, Elliot
82 –83
Gallmann, Kuki
181
,
208
,
220
Galvin, Kathleen
31
Gatundia
13
,
20
,
145
Gavaghan, Terence
199
,
201
,
206
Geothermal Development Company, the (gdc)
226
Gikuyu
77
,
114
,
145
,
161
,
215
Githunguri
114
,
156 –157
,
161
,
170 –172
,
178 –179
grassland
13
,
31
,
46
,
111
,
187
,
191
,
193
,
206
Great Depression, the
206
grievances
9 –10
,
23
,
61
,
74
,
81
,
85
,
92
,
103
,
121
,
126
,
173
,
175
,
229
,
234
See also land hunger; land question
Guardian, the
113
Haraka Scheme
210
Hardin, Garrett
32 –34
,
112
Hardwick, Alfred Arkell
196 –198
Hartley, Carr
102
,
162
,
170
,
191
Hastrup, Kirsten
17
Home News, the
99
Hornsby, Charles
155
hunter-gatherers
49
See also Dorobo; Okiek
illegal grazing
7 –8
,
21
,
81
,
103
,
107 –108
,
116 –118
,
125
,
133
,
150
,
153
,
200
See also trespassing
Illiffe, John
85
Iloikop
39 –40
immigration
48
,
55
,
57
,
69
,
71 –72
,
221
indigeneity movement
29
,
50
institutional pluralism
156
,
168
,
177
internally displaced people (idp)
100
,
145
Isiolo
4
,
6
,
8
,
52
,
168
,
218
,
226
,
228
,
233
islands of enclosures
69
,
109
,
153
,
209
See also land-use fragmentation
Jennings Ranch
3
Jones, S.B.
150
Jubilee Party
232 –233
Kenya African Democratic Union (kadu)
61
Kenya African National Union (kanu)
61
Kaichakuni
146
Kalampton
146
Kanyinga, Karuti
155
,
164
Karanja, Josephat
172
Kariuki, G.G.
19
,
131 –132
,
166
,
171
Karume, Njenga
158
Keller, Edward A.
34
Kenya Land Commission (klc)
44
,
46 –52
,
85
,
119
,
126
,
198
Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (knbs)
72
Kenyatta, Jomo
61 –62
,
68
,
133
Kenya Wildlife Service (kws)
2
,
110
,
113
,
120
Kiambu
29
,
69
,
132
,
136 –137
,
139
,
170
Kibaki, Mwai
132
,
161
Kifuku Ranch
3
,
5
,
7
,
13
,
20
,
22
,
187
,
218
Kimani, Kihika
171
Kittermaster line
199
,
202
Klopp, Jacqueline
69
Kopytoff, Igor
31
,
126
Kosek, Jake
24
,
35
,
38
,
86
Laibon
82 –83
Laikipia County
1
,
8
,
11
,
19
,
173
,
210
,
212
,
221
Laikipia District
11
,
52 –53
,
71 –72
,
75
,
167
,
200
Laikipia Farmers Association
55
,
82
,
147
Laikipiak Maasai
30
,
33
,
46
,
84
,
96 –97
,
99
Laikipia landscape
9 –10
,
18
,
22
,
81
,
134
,
182
See also Laikipia plateau
Laikipia Nature Conservancy
3
,
21 –22
,
140
,
190
,
220
Laikipia plateau
11
,
17 –18
,
38
,
44
,
46
,
84
,
155
,
196
,
203
,
228 –229
,
234
See also Laikipia landscape
Laikipia West Farmers Company
171
,
189 –190
Laikipia Wildlife Forum
108
,
110
,
233
Lake Turkana region
55
Lancaster House talks
60
land
acquisition
28
,
70
,
74
,
179
claim
38
,
43
,
91
,
123
,
142
,
146
,
194
,
228
distribution
1
,
57
,
68
,
78
,
104
,
155
,
170
hunger
30
,
63
,
164
,
166
,
216
See also land rush
Invasion
1
,
98
,
113
,
126
,
229
,
231 –232
,
234
management
31
,
33
,
35
,
108
,
128
,
152
,
184
,
206 –208
question
27
,
46
,
60 –61
,
78
,
126
,
175
See also grievances
reform
28
,
36
,
58
,
62
,
74
,
164 –165
rush
69
See also land hunger
seemingly vacant
20 –21
,
76
,
113
,
177
,
227
See also absentee land
Land Board
91
,
178
land-buying company
20 –21
,
67
,
89
,
122
,
137
,
155 –157
,
167
,
178
,
189 –190
,
212
,
222
land-buying company director
89
,
92
,
114
,
154
,
156 –158
,
160 –163
,
166 –170
,
172 –174
,
179
,
228
fake director
94
Land Commission
44 –46
,
49
,
199
,
204
landholder
100
,
165
,
208
,
211
,
223
,
225
,
228
landlessness
10
,
53
,
58
,
62
,
65 –66
,
93
,
118
,
122
,
137
,
164 –165
,
167
,
171
,
173
land-use fragmentation
9
,
67
,
69
,
155
,
226
See also islands of enclosures
law
customary
79
state
26
statutory
27
,
79
Leaduma
82 –83
Leakey, Richard
48
Lefebvre, Henri
124
,
127
,
141
legal pluralism
25
,
27
,
169
,
227
Lempurkel, Mathew
4
,
87
,
100
,
111
,
232
Leroghi
46
,
82
,
119
,
198 –202
,
206
Limitation of Actions Act
101
Locke, John
107
Lodwar
102
Loibor Kenejie
46
Lolldaiga Hills Ranch
98
Lombara Ranch
3
Lonsdal, John
57
Lonyiek
76
Lorien Ranching Company
88 –91
,
93
,
167
Lorora
137
,
144
Lund, Christian
26
,
154
,
169
Lynch, Gabrielle
28
,
30
,
86
,
142
Maa
12 –13
,
49
,
97
,
139
,
144 –145
Maasai Agreement
42
,
96 –97
Mackinder, H.J.
196
Magugu, Arthur
158
,
161
,
170 –172
,
174
Majimbo
61
Malthus, Thomas
34
,
47
,
112
Maralal
12
,
139
,
199
,
206
Marmanet
56
,
64
,
145
,
210
Marura
94
,
103
,
137
,
194
Mau Mau
50
,
56 –58
,
77
,
83 –84
,
93
,
145
McDermot Hughes, David
32
,
109 –110
,
112
,
126
,
198
Melwa
125
,
129
,
132 –133
menace to white settlement
82
,
84
,
107
migration
69 –70
,
102
,
111
,
213
Moi, Daniel Arap
71
,
74 –77
,
92
,
132
,
146
,
175 –176
Moore, Donald S.
24
,
35
,
38
,
86
Moore, Sally Falk
169
Mount Kenya
41
,
66
,
142
,
196
Mount Nyiro
98
Mugie Conservancy
3 –4
,
21 –22
,
206
,
220
multi-party system
74
,
77
Mungiki
77
Mutukanio Farmers Company
62
,
189 –190
Naivasha
225
,
228 –229
Nakuru
69
,
72
,
88
,
129
,
131
,
233
Nanyuki
67
,
210 –211
Native Reserve
42
,
128
,
199
See also Northern Frontier District
Neumann, Arthur H.
197 –198
New Enclosures Movement
220
New Kenya Party
60
Ngorare Ranch
3
,
20
,
22
,
220
Ngoroko
102
Nimmo, District Commissioner
55
Njenga, Maina
77
Northern Frontier District
32
,
125
,
199
,
207
See also Native Reserve
Nyahururu
12 –13
,
20
,
65
,
67
,
93 –94
,
99
,
143
,
145
,
194
,
211
Nyandarua Scheme
65
Nyeri
46
,
52 –53
,
69
,
88
,
90 –91
,
132
,
136
,
145
Nyumba Kumi
218 –219
Okiek
29
See also Dorobo; hunter-gatherers
Ol Arabel
56
,
64
,
200
,
209
Ol Maisor Ranch
3
,
220
one-party rule
74
Orange Democratic Movement (odm)
232
Ostrom, Elinor
32 –33
othering
28
,
80
,
86 –88
,
95
See also autochthony; ethnic competition
Pandian, Anand
24
,
35
,
38
,
86
Partridge, David
88
pastoralism
73
,
111 –112
,
203
,
226
,
230
patron-client relation
164 –166
,
172
,
174
,
179
,
227
,
229
See also power dynamics
Peet, Richard
23
Peluso, Nancy Lee
26
physical enclosure
124
,
137
,
146
,
148
,
220
poaching
44
,
148
See also wildlife killing
political ecology
23
,
33
political elite
10
,
62
,
132
,
134
,
155
,
164 –166
See also African elite
political instrumentalism
74
politicisation
36
,
72
,
80
,
91
,
155
,
183
,
225
,
228 –229
politics of the belly
75
poverty trap
66
,
167
Powell-Cotton, P.H.D.
39
power dynamics
17
,
85
,
87
,
173
See also patron-client relation
Powys, Theodore
81 –83
,
91
,
97
,
118 –119
,
201
,
234
Pratt, Mary Louise
27
,
32
pyrethrum
43
,
205
,
216
rainfall
17 –18
,
43
,
187
,
194
,
200
,
206
,
209 –210
,
216
resettlement scheme
57
,
62
,
64 –67
,
87
,
128
,
130
,
164 –167
,
170
,
210
,
212
retaliatory attack
76 –77
,
87
See also ethnic violence
Ribot, Jesse
26
Rift Valley
11
,
40
,
46
,
49
,
61
,
72
rinderpest
40
,
197
Rogoro Farmers Company
89
Rumuruti
12
,
19 –21
,
52
,
54
,
76
,
96
,
103
,
137
,
145
,
163
,
197
,
206
Rumuruti Forest
22
,
187
Rumuruti Ranch
136
Salama
19
,
91
,
94
,
184 –187
,
218
scheduled land
42 –43
,
46
,
119
,
126 –125
,
199
,
201
,
203
,
206
See also European Reserve; Crown Land; White Highlands
Second World War
43
,
99
,
205
Segera Conservancy
3
Settlement Transfer Funds Scheme
67
Sharpe, District Commissioner
52
,
55
Shipton, Parker
14
,
27
,
84
,
126
,
177
Shirika scheme
210
Sipili
13
,
76 –77
,
138
,
145 –146
,
152
,
176
,
188 –189
Soldier Settlement Scheme
125
Sosian Game Ranch
3 –4
Southern Reserve
46
,
49
Spencer, Paul
49
Stamp Mission Report
59
Star, the
2 –4
,
8
,
116
,
232
Stigand, Captain C.H.
197 –198
subdivision
63
,
90 –91
,
116
,
157
,
169 –170
,
211 –212
,
221 –222
Suguta Marmar
52
,
125
sustainability
22
,
33 –35
,
60
,
108
,
112
,
116
,
201
,
209 –210
,
223
,
230
Suyian Ranch
3 –4
,
6
,
220
Swynnerton Plan
57
symbolic enclosure
124
,
135
,
144
,
146
Temporary Occupation Licence
43
tenure security
21 –22
,
25
,
95
,
172
,
177 –179
,
226
,
231
territoriality
25
Thomson, Joseph
38
,
39 –40
,
41
,
78
,
142
,
197 –198
Thomson’s Falls
12
,
51
,
54
,
56 –58
,
142 –143
,
205
Throup, David
203
tourism
2 –4
,
109
,
120 –121
,
220
,
229
Trafford, District Commissioner
52
,
200
trespassing
27
,
44
,
92
,
96
,
106
,
117
,
129
,
147 –148
,
151 –153
,
228
See also illegal grazing
Turkana District
71
twilight institutions
26
,
33
,
169
Uasin Gishu
94
United Party
60
usury rights
24
,
26
,
144
vernacular land markets
156
,
169
,
177 –178
,
227
Waller, Richard
82
Wasserman, Gary
155
Watts, Michael
23
,
141
wave
of attacks
6
,
8
of insecurity
234
of invasion
7
,
121
,
140
,
232
of uncertainty
1
,
29
,
234
weapon
5
,
93
,
111
,
122
See also firearm
Western Province
69
White Highlands
42 –45
,
47 –48
,
50
,
53 –54
,
57 –58
,
62
,
72
,
74
,
131
,
164
,
205
,
232
See also European Reserve; Crown Land; scheduled land
Whittall, Erroll
207
wildlife killing
1 –2
,
118
,
120 –122
,
153
,
229
See also poaching
Zimbabwe
6
,
108
,
234