Index
Abbasid 9
,
14n36
,
19
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
37
,
137
Abdal 84n300
,
158n4; Abdalan-ı Rum
Abdalan-ı Rum
Abdal Musa 4
,
5n12
,
158
,
163
,
166
Abdalan-ı Rum dervishes 4
,
9
,
19
,
21
,
158 –159 163
,
189
Baba İlyas / Baba İlyas-ı Horasani / Baba Resul 4
,
21
,
108
,
158 –159 163 –165 180
;
Menakıbü’l Kudsiyye fi Menasıbi’l Ünsiyye
Babai 108n41
,
159
,
189
Bektaşi order 85n300
,
159
,
165
Hacı Bektaş 4
,
158 –159 163 –166
Hacım Sultan 4
,
5n12
,
158
,
163
,
166
Haydari 159
Kalenderi 159
Otman Baba 4
,
5n12
,
158
,
159n4
,
163 –164 166
Yesevi 159
Vefai 159
Acem 168
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
190
;
Persian under identity
Arab Diyarı 168
,
169
,
190
Aden 170
Adrianople / Edirne 109n43
,
115
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
131
,
132
,
133
,
135
,
139
,
143
,
145
,
148
,
152
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
169
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
185
,
186
,
189
,
192
,
193
Africa 170
Ahi 60n179
,
61n180
,
71n223
Ahi Evran 108
,
165
Ahmed Danişmend / Melik Danişmend (d. 1104), founder of the Danishmendid dynasty 9
,
19
,
20
,
23
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
38 –42 44
,
47 –51 53 –57 62
,
64 –70 72
,
75
,
76
,
81
,
88 –90 92
,
96
,
131n126
,
156
,
160
,
161
,
171
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
179
,
180
,
183
,
184
,
190
Ahmed Serkis 41
,
52
,
56
,
64
,
65
Ahmed Turran / Ahmar 34
,
35
,
50
Akolouthia 120
,
151
Akritai, Akritis /Akratis see frontier
Aksarayi (al-Aqsarayi) 15
,
93
,
181
Alaeddin Keykubad I (Alaʾ al-Din Ḳayḳubad I) (r. 1219–1237), Seljuk sultan of Rum, grandfather of Izzeddin II Keykavus 19
,
88
,
100
,
139
,
189
Alaman 168
Alexander the Great / İskender-i Rumi 30
,
170
,
172
Alexandria 30
,
35
,
108
,
115
,
139
,
143
,
170
,
192
Alexios Apokaukos see Parakimomenos
Alexis (1354–1378), metropolitan of Kiev and all Russia 125
Alyon-ı Rumi 174
,
175
,
177
Amasya / Amasiyye / Amaseia / Harcenevan / Diyar-ı Harcana / Harşana 23
,
38
,
39
,
41
,
50
,
52
,
87
,
164n27
,
168
,
173
,
174
,
190
Amorion / Mamuriye 29
,
30
,
37
,
137
Anatolia 1
,
7
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
20
,
25
,
60
,
61
,
62
,
71
,
86
,
87
,
99
,
103
,
107
,
109n43
,
110
,
121
,
139
,
155
,
164
,
181
,
186
,
197
,
200
;
Asia Minor
Andalusia 170
Andronikos II Palaiologos (r. 1282–1328), Byzantine emperor 20
,
104
,
105
,
107
,
109
,
110
,
133
,
143
,
147n179
,
150
,
193
Andronikos III Palaiologos (r. 1328–1341), Byzantine emperor 117
,
118
Ankara / Ankyra / Engüriya 41
,
56
,
104
,
145
,
146
,
185n118
Anthony IV (1389–1390, 1391–1397), patriarch of Constantinople 114
,
126
,
130
Arabian Peninsula 170
Arif Ali 26
,
27
,
28
Arif Çelebi (d. 1319), grandson of Mevlana 5n16
,
181
Aristocrats 22n5, 44n, 45n108
,
46
,
47n116
,
48
,
51n136
,
52
,
53
,
54
,
55
,
63n192
,
64
,
68
,
75
,
77
,
78
,
80
,
81
,
85
,
89
,
90
,
91
,
91n323
,
93
,
94
,
108n40
,
109
,
160
,
175
,
183
,
191
47n116
Archontes 45
,
45n108
,
127
,
128
,
133n130
Dynatoi 47n116
Elite 9
,
14
,
16n43
,
18
,
21
,
55
,
57
,
61
,
62
,
69n213
,
86
,
89
,
92
,
95
,
99
,
110
,
135
,
140
,
144n172
,
153
,
173
,
175
,
179
,
184
,
187
,
188
,
190
,
191
,
192
Magnates 45
,
52
,
66
,
89
Armenia 42
Armenian 1
,
23
,
28
,
41n86
,
44
,
48
,
49
,
51
,
52
,
53n142
,
59
,
73n237
,
81
,
82n287
,
100
,
100n13
Arsenios (Nov. 1254–Feb./March 1260; May/June? 1261–spring 1265), patriarch of Constantinople 80
Arsenios, metropolitan of Berroia 98n8
Artuhi 40
,
43
,
44
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53 –56 63
,
65n199
,
66
,
67
,
175
Asia Minor 1
,
2
,
3
,
7
,
8
,
10
,
23
,
47n116
,
48n119
,
94
,
109
,
112
,
136
,
137n144
,
138
,
159n5
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
175
,
180n96
,
188
,
190
,
192
;
Anatolia
Aşık Paşa (1272–1332), grandson of Baba İlyas 108
Aşıkpaşazade 31n38
,
186
Athens 109n43
,
113
,
126
,
127
,
139
Aydınoğlu emirate 110n50
;
Umur and Düsturname
Aynüddevle (r. 1142–1152), Danishmendid ruler of Malatya, son of Gazi Gümüştekin 27n18
Azymes (matzah) 59
,
100
,
100n13
,
101
,
141
,
142
Baba İlyas see Abdalan-ı Rum
Bachelor / uzzab 36n69
Baghdad 32
,
33
,
37
,
40
,
48
,
49
,
54
,
56
,
87n311
,
89
,
168
,
168n49
,
190
Balkans 1
,
2
,
3
,
7
,
8
,
12
,
19, 24, 25, 61, 115, 132, 136, 138, 139
,
168
,
170
,
186
,
190, 197
Basil Dmitrievich (r. 1389–1425), grand prince of Moscow 126
,
130
Basilikoi 91
,
91n323
,
92
Battalname 3
,
4n10
,
6
,
8
,
10
,
15
,
19
,
20
,
22 –26 28
,
30 –40 48
,
50
,
57
,
62
,
89
,
137n143
,
156
,
160
,
161
,
168n49
,
170
,
174
,
176
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
190
,
191
Baycu (d. 1260), Mongol general and military governor 92
,
92n327
Bayezid I (r. 1389–1402), Ottoman sultan 14
,
14n36
,
87
,
112
,
126n108
,
184
,
185
,
186
Bedreddin / Şeyh Bedreddin (d. 1416) 5
,
6n16
,
21
,
138
,
184 –188
Beg (lord) 8
,
9
,
13
,
30
,
31
,
33
,
35
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
44
,
48
,
56
,
70
,
72n233
,
75n246
,
118
,
142
,
161
,
162
,
164
,
168n48
,
171, 176
,
179
,
180, 181
,
185
,
186
Beglerbeg 90
Berke Han (r. 1257–1267), khan of the Mongols of the Golden Horde 94
,
94n338
Berkuk (r. 1390–1399), Mamluk sultan 186
Beşkarış 166
Bezm u Rezm (Bazm u Razm) 87
,
87n311
Bithynia 116
,
117
,
120
,
121
,
193
Boğdan 167 Moldavia
Bosnia 167
Byzantine commonwealth 126
,
167
,
177
,
190
,
191
Byzantine emperor 3
,
6, 7
,
13
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
33
,
34
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
40
,
41
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
47, 48
,
50
,
51, 55
,
57
,
62–65, 68
,
87
,
88
,
92
,
94
,
95
,
97
,
99
,
102
,
104
,
107
,
107n40
,
114n66, 115, 128
,
129
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
142
,
143
,
144n172
,
146
,
147n179
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
160
,
167
,
169
,
175
,
176
,
177, 179
,
183
,
184
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
;
Caesar /
kayser / kaysar and tekfur
Byzantium 22
,
23
,
24
,
52
,
54
,
63
,
68
,
77
,
80
,
81
,
82
,
83
,
89
,
94
,
95
,
110
,
115
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
161
,
171n62
,
175
,
189
,
191
,
195
,
196
,
198
,
199
,
201
Caesar / kayser / kaysar 29
,
31
,
32
,
34
,
38
,
43n99
,
167
,
176
;
Byzantine emperor and tekfur
Cairo 14n36
,
185
Caliph 14n36
,
24
,
32
,
33
,
36
,
37
,
40
,
43
,
48
,
49
,
54
,
89
,
185
Candia 129
Canik 38
,
42
Cappadocia 13
,
19
,
29n29
,
32n42
,
40
,
52n137
,
104
,
139
,
152
,
166
,
189
,
190
,
192
Catalan Grand Company 109
,
109n43
,
138
,
139
,
189
;
mercenaries
Cem (d. 1495), Ottoman prince, son of Mehmed II 158
,
172
,
175n78
Charles of Anjou (r. 1266–1285), king of Naples and Sicily 133
China 32n43
,
169
,
170
Chionai 120
,
120n87
Chios 170
,
186
,
187
Christian see identity
Chronicle of Ramon Muntaner 109n43
Cilicia 100
City see space
Constable the Rumi 91
,
91n323
,
92
,
93
Constantine I (r. 306–337), Byzantine emperor 1
Constantinople 2
,
3
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
13
,
14
,
16n42
,
17
,
24n8
,
28
,
30
,
32
,
33
,
36
,
37
,
40
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
49
,
54n148
,
59n173
,
62
,
76n248
,
80
,
85
,
90
,
91n323
,
99
,
100n13
,
102
,
103n24
,
104
,
105
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
112
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
121
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
135
,
136
,
139
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145n174
,
146
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
156
,
160
,
162
,
167
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
173n70
,
174
,
175
,
177
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
;
Istanbul and Konstantiniyye
Conversion 2
,
10
,
77
,
121
,
121n89
,
129n121
,
137n144
,
138
,
140
,
141
,
166
,
178
,
183
,
191
,
193
Council of Ferrara–Florence (1437–1439) 20
,
131
,
133
,
135n136
,
142
,
193
Crete 81
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
139
,
142
,
144
,
149
,
170
,
189
,
192
Crimea 24n8
,
25
,
28
,
90
,
94
,
95
,
98n8
,
104
,
158n1
,
170
,
171
,
173
,
175
,
177
,
185
,
189
Crusade 17
,
22
,
30
,
46
,
99
,
110
,
113
,
127
,
128
,
133
,
134
,
136n140
,
169
,
192
Crypto-Christian 121n89
Crypto-Muslim 34
,
35
,
56
,
56n162
,
166
,
167
,
167n45
,
170
,
176
Cyprus 19
,
81
,
99 –104 114
,
122
,
139
,
142
,
170
,
189
,
192
;
Lusignans
Cyprian / Kiprian, metropolitan of Kiev, Russia, and Lithuania (1375–1406) 125
,
126
Çankırı / Gangra / Mankuriyye 23
,
41
,
52
,
56
,
64
Çeh / Çih (Czech country) 168
Çin 32
,
32n43
,
33
Çorum / Yankoniyye 39
Danişmend / tasiman / tasimanoi 48n118
,
131
,
131n126
,
140
,
156
,
163
Danişmendiye 27n18
,
28n20
Danişmendname 3
,
4n10
,
6
,
9
,
10
,
19
,
20
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
26
,
28
,
38 –52 57
,
62
,
64 –94 99
,
131
,
156
,
158
,
160
,
161
,
167
,
168
,
174
,
176
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
183
,
189
,
190
,
191
Darrouzès, Jean 127
Darü’l harb (Dar al-harb) / abode of infidels 186
Darü’l İslam (Dar al-islam) / abode of Islam 6
,
34
,
162
,
165
,
166
,
169
,
171
,
179
De administrando imperio 145n174
De thematibus 145n174
Dede Korkut Oğuznameleri / Book of Dedem Korkut 5
,
5n14
,
8
,
9
,
21
,
69
,
70
,
161
,
162
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
189
Demetrios Kydones (ca.1324–ca.1398), Byzantine theologian 76
,
87
Dervish 4
,
9
,
10
,
10n26
,
11
,
19
,
21
,
23
,
30n38
,
60
,
84
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
169
,
177
,
179
,
180
,
184
,
186
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
193
;
Abdalan-ı Rum
Dervish vita / menakıb / menakıbname / velayetname / vilayetname 4
,
4n12
,
5
,
6n16
,
9
,
10
,
10n26
,
19
,
21
,
138
,
138n46
,
159
,
159n4
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
180
,
181
,
184
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
190
,
191
,
193
Despina 43n99
Despina Hatun / Olivera Lazarević (d. 1444) 87
Deyr 42
,
43
;
monastery
Didymoteichon / Demotika 118
Digenes Akrites 5
,
5n13
,
22
,
53
,
80
Dobrudja 24n8
,
92
,
158n3
,
173
,
174
Dominicans 100
,
100n12
,
139
Düsturname 5
,
5n15
,
21
,
110n50
,
111n52
,
182
,
183
,
189
;
Umur
Ebu Eyyüb-i Ensari (Abu Ayyub al-Ansari) 182
,
182n106
Ebu’l Hayr-i Rumi 158
,
172
Eflak (Wallachia) 167
,
168n48
Eflaki (Aflaki Arifi) 5n16
Efrumiyye 41
,
50
,
53
,
53n142
,
54
,
55
,
63
,
65
,
67
Egypt 81
,
83
,
94n338
,
108
,
110
,
122
,
143
,
149
,
155
,
168
,
168n49
,
170
,
183
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
193
Eretna 26n13
Ethiopia 170
Eusthatios, metropolitan of Thessalonica (1179–c.1194) 82
Evliya Çelebi 86
Filioque 100n13
,
106
,
127
,
133
,
135n136
,
141
,
142
Filyon İli / Pap İli 168
,
168n50
Firançe Diyarı / Firankal 168
Food see frontier
Frontier
Akritis (pl. akritai) 11n28
,
33
,
36
,
179
;
Digenes Akrites
Arab-Byzantine frontier 9
,
11n28
,
30
,
31n38
,
33n49
,
36n69
,
37
,
178n89
Border 1
,
11n28
,
15
,
20
,
29n29
,
31
,
34
,
40
,
53
,
69
,
89
,
99
,
114
,
124
,
130
,
131
,
132
,
136
,
139n148
,
162
,
168
,
168n49
,
190
,
193
Core-periphery model 40
,
40n82
,
174
Derbend 31
,
31n40
,
42
Expansion frontier 174
;
open frontier
Food
Anti-Latin polemics 59
Brigand / harami 42
,
50
,
51
,
52
Commensality 20
,
57
,
58
,
66
,
67n204
,
70
,
88
,
89
,
191
Banquet 67
,
68
,
68n212
,
69
,
88
Feast 66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
71
,
72
,
73n237
,
75
,
76
,
78
,
79
,
81
,
85
,
86
,
87
,
87n310
,
88
,
89
,
98n6
İşret / işret meclisi 70
,
86
,
86n309
Iyş-ı nüş (ayş ü nuş / iş u nuş) 70
Şölen 69
Yeme içme 69
Dietary restrictions 58
Fasting 34
,
58
,
59
,
60n178
,
66
,
75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
83
,
85
,
88
,
104
,
124
,
142
,
154
Fish, shellfish, seafood 71
,
72
,
72n231
,
75
,
76
,
76n248
,
77
,
78
,
81
,
82
,
85
,
86
,
86n309
,
89
Meat 5
,
3n138
,
70
,
71
,
72
,
73
,
73n239
,
74
,
75
,
76
,
77 –81 82
,
83
,
86
,
124
,
137n144
,
141
,
154
Pig / pork / domuz / hınzır / tonuz / tonız 79
,
79n269
,
80
,
81
,
162
Pig-eater 80
,
81
Snake poison / zehr-i mar 70
Sweet and sugar 72
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
77
,
81 –85
Taam 67n203
,
70
,
70n220
,
71n222
,
75n246
Wine / hamr 35
,
66
,
71
,
72
,
72n230
,
75
,
78
,
83
,
85
,
86
,
86n309
,
87
,
89
,
154
,
166
,
183
Fortification 49n119
,
105
Fortified city 29n29
,
33
,
34
,
40
,
41
,
45
,
64
,
65n199
,
110
,
118
,
174
,
183
,
185
,
190
Frontier 2
,
3
,
5
,
8
,
9
,
11
,
11n28
,
18
,
20
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
28
,
30
,
31
,
31n38
,
33
,
33n49
,
34
,
36n69
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
57
,
105
,
107
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
139
,
139n148
,
154
,
156
,
161
,
165
,
166
,
169
,
173
,
174
,
174n76
,
178n89
,
179
,
186
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
Kleisourai 31n40
Love affairs 20
,
57
,
61
,
62
,
176
,
183
Marriage 8
,
53n142
,
54
,
56
,
57
,
58
,
61
,
62 –65 69
,
119n81
,
126
,
128n114
,
176
,
177
Mountain 19
,
31
,
32
,
34
,
36
,
40
,
43
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
55
,
116
,
140
,
162
,
163
,
174
,
190
Open frontier 9
,
174
;
expansion frontier
River 29
,
31
,
34
,
101
,
163
,
168n49
,
174
,
190
Serhadd 8
Thughur 9
,
34
,
34n50
,
174
,
190
Gabriel of Melitene 51
Gallipoli / Gelibolu / Kallipolis 118
,
119
Gaza 10
,
11
,
48
,
49
,
162
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
175
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
184
,
185
Gaza thesis 10n27
Gazi see identity
Gazi Gümüştekin (r. 1104–1134), Danishmendid ruler, son of Ahmed Danişmend 27
,
87
Gelibolulu Mustafa Ali 26
,
27
;
Danişmendname
Geoponika 74n245
,
76n249
Germanos II (1222–1240), patriarch of Constantinople 102
,
103
,
103n25
,
193
Gevele 165
Genoa 94n338
,
115
,
168
,
170
,
187
Genos 6
,
99
,
144
,
144n172
,
145
,
147
,
149
,
153
Geography 14
,
145n174
,
162
,
171
,
171n62
,
174
Georgia 1
,
5n14
,
9
,
28
,
33
,
42
,
44
,
51
,
70
,
166
Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev I (Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw I) (r. 1192–6 and 1205–11), Seljuk sultan of Rum 27
,
27n18
,
88
Gift, gift giving 8
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
34
,
50
,
53
,
66
,
67
,
78
Golden Horde 80
,
94
,
94n338
,
98n8
,
107
,
186
,
189
Göçkinci 36
;
nomad
Gregory of Nyssa (d. after 394) 104
,
106
,
147
Gregory II of Cyprus (1283–1289), patriarch of Constantinople 105
,
106
Gregory IX (1227–1241), pope 103
Gregory Palamas 111n52
,
114
,
114n63
,
117n71
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
123n94
,
131n126
,
140
,
189
;
hesychasm
Gülşehri (d. after 1317), Turkish poet 108
,
108n41
Hagia Sophia / Ayasofya, church of 43
,
94
,
126
,
172
,
173
,
173n72
Hagiography 12
,
59
,
60
,
98
,
98n6
,
106
Halil b. İsmail, Şeyh Bedreddin’s grandson 184
,
187
Harcane / Charsianon 32
,
32n42
,
35
,
38
,
39n78
,
168n49
Harkümbed 39
Hegemon 104
,
131
,
156
,
157
Hellenes see identity
Heraclius (r. 610–641), Byzantine emperor 167
,
167n45
,
176
Heretic see identity
Herzegovina 167
Hesychasm 113
,
114
,
114n63
,
124
Hesychia 100
,
113
,
114
,
139
Hesychast 20
,
113
,
114
,
114n66
,
115
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
130
,
131
,
143
,
152
,
161n9
,
189
,
193
Honorius III (1216–1227), pope 101
Humbert (d. 1061), cardinal 100n13
Ibn Bibi 15
,
88
,
88n315
Identity
41
,
48
,
57
,
61
,
136n139
,
143
,
153
Arab 1
,
19
,
22
,
23
,
30
,
48
,
48n119
,
58
,
60
,
71n224
,
80
,
86
,
155
,
156
,
156n213
,
168
,
168n49
,
169
,
178
,
180
,
182
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
190
Byzantine 2
,
2n8
,
3
,
6
,
7
,
7n18
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
15
,
16
,
16n43
,
17
,
17n45
,
18
,
20
,
21
,
36 –37 44 –57 70 –71 75 –77 79
,
80
,
81
,
85
,
86
,
91
,
99
,
107n40
,
140 –153 146n177
,
166
,
191 –193
Christian 1
,
3
,
4
,
6
,
7
,
8n20
,
10
,
10n27
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
17
,
33
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
46
,
50
,
51
,
53n142
,
56n162
,
59n170
,
60n175
,
62
,
65
,
76n251
,
77
,
79
,
80
,
81
,
85
,
87
,
88
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
100
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108n41
,
110
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
121n89
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
130
,
131
,
132
,
132n127
,
133
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
137n144
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
142n162
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
147n179
,
148 –153 161
,
162
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
169
,
175
,
176
,
178
,
184
,
186
,
189
,
191
,
192
,
193
Catholics / Catholicism 13
,
101
,
118
,
122
,
126
,
127
,
129
,
129n121
,
133
,
134
,
141
,
142
Latin 1
,
3
,
4
,
12
,
13
,
16n42
,
17
,
19
,
20
,
23n7
,
58
,
59
,
59n170
,
92n327
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
105
,
106
,
111
,
112
,
113
,
122n91
,
123n94
,
127
,
128
,
128n114
,
129
,
130
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
151
,
153
,
168
,
169
,
175
,
188
,
189
,
192
,
193
Nasrani 166
Orthodox 4
,
6
,
7
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
85
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
103n25
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
107n40
,
108
,
110
,
114
,
115
,
117
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
128n114
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
161
,
169
,
189
,
192
,
193
Frank 1
,
30n38
,
33
,
40
,
42
,
44
,
51
,
52
,
72
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
173
,
175
,
176
,
178
,
182
,
183
,
185
,
186
,
190
Gazi 8n20
,
10
,
21
,
27
,
28
,
30
,
30n38
,
40
,
69
,
87
,
158
,
164
,
169
,
169n54
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
178 –180 184
,
185
,
186
,
187
Greek 3
,
5n14
,
12
,
12n30
,
13
,
48
,
49
,
51
,
74n245
,
79
,
82n287
,
90
,
92
,
96n1
,
97
,
98n8
,
100n12
,
101
,
107n40
,
110
,
111n52
,
119n82
,
126
,
128
,
129
,
143
Hellenes 148
,
154
Heretic, heresy 100n13
,
114
,
122
,
124
,
135
,
136
,
137n44
,
141
,
142
,
151
,
153
,
192
Indian / Hindi 30
,
186
,
187
Infidel / kafir (pl. küffar) 8
,
21
,
24
,
25
,
29
,
30
,
33
,
34
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
43n96
,
48
,
49
,
71
,
72n233
,
80
,
88
,
93
,
116
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
136
,
137n143
,
146
,
150
,
153
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
165
,
166
,
168n49
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
180n91
,
182n109
,
183
,
186
,
187
,
187n123
,
190
,
191
Jew(s) / Cuhud 30
,
30n36
,
34
,
58
,
120
,
123n94
,
154
,
165
Mongol 1
,
10n27
,
28
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
94n338
,
98n8
,
112
,
164
,
159n5
,
171n62
,
181
,
186
Muslim 7
,
8
,
8n20
,
10
,
12
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
28
,
29
,
32
,
34
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
52
,
56
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
62
,
68
,
79
,
80
,
81
,
82
,
86
,
87
,
88
,
89
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96n2
,
104
,
108
,
116
,
117
,
120
,
122
,
123n94
,
131
,
132
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
144
,
148
,
152
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
167n45
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
175
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
Agarenes / Agarenoi / Hagaren / Hagar 131
,
148
,
155
,
156
,
156n213
İslam leşkeri / İslam çerisi 34
,
40
Mohammedans / Muhammad / Muhammedi 29
,
33
,
34
,
36
,
56
,
83
,
85
,
96n2
,
104
,
131
,
147
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
163
,
167n45
,
176
,
182
Sunni 34
,
36
Shiite 34n51
,
96
Oghuz 8
,
8n20
,
9
,
70
,
161
,
162
,
179
,
180
Pagan 96
,
97
,
124
,
125
,
131
,
137n144
,
140
,
141
,
146
,
165
,
178
Paphlagonian 59n173
,
77
Persian 1
,
5
,
32
,
73n237
,
86n309
,
87
,
87n311
,
88n315
,
93
,
105
,
107
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
146
,
147
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
168
,
168n49
,
180n96
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
190
;
Acem
Pig-eater see food under frontier
Roman
Land of Rome 3
,
4
,
8
,
9
,
17
,
18
,
20
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
28
,
34
,
37
,
38
,
49
,
90
,
135
,
158
,
161
,
162
,
166
,
169
,
178
,
179
,
184
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
193
Bilad al-Rum 13n34
,
15
,
171n62
Christian Roman oikoumene 7
,
16n42
,
17
,
68
,
103
,
110
,
135
,
136
,
141
,
144
,
146
,
146n177
,
149
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
189
,
192
,
193
;
universal/ ecumenical under space
Rhomani / Romania 13
,
16
,
16n42
,
88
,
135
,
169
Rum / Rum İli 3
,
4
,
5
,
6
,
8
,
11n28
,
13
,
13n34
,
14
,
15
,
18
,
19
,
21
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
33
,
33n45
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
41
,
88
,
93
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168n49
,
169
,
172
,
172n63
,
178
,
179
,
189
,
190
Rumelia 14
,
200
Vilayet-i Rum 38
New Rome 156
;
Constantinople
Roman / Rum / Rumi 2
,
6
,
7
,
10
,
13
,
14
,
14n37
,
15
,
16
,
16n43
,
17
,
18
,
21
,
35
,
37
,
38
,
40
,
41
,
49
,
50
,
52
,
56
,
64
,
80
,
83
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
104
,
108
,
115
,
135
,
136
,
136n138
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
144n169
,
145n172
,
146
,
147n179
,
148
,
149n188
,
155
,
156
,
158
,
166
,
169
,
170
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
178
,
181
,
181n98
,
183 –188 191
,
192
Romanization 13 –18
Rome, city of 133
,
142
,
156
,
189
Shaving, beard, hair 76
,
76n251
,
141
,
141n157
,
146
Tatar 30
,
33
,
162
,
165
,
165n35
,
177
,
180
,
180n90
,
181
,
185
,
186
Turcoman / Türkmen 5n14
,
7
,
8
,
8n20
,
9
,
36n70
,
55n155
,
65n199
,
69
,
92
,
159n5
,
161
,
164
,
180
Turk 1
,
2n5
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
10
,
13
,
17
,
19
,
21
,
22
,
24
,
33
,
36n70
,
48
,
50
,
51
,
60
,
60n175
,
65n199
,
111
,
112
,
114n66
,
115n68
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
122n91
,
129
,
134
,
153
,
155
,
169
,
176
,
180 –183 180n96
,
181n98
,
184
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
188n130
,
191
Ilkhanid 26n13
,
28n20
,
94
,
181
;
Mongols
India 30
,
169
,
170
,
186
Ioannes Karyofylles (d. 1692), a high-ranking official in the patriarchate 11
Isidoros I (1347–1350), patriarch of Constantinople 114
,
117
Islam 1
,
6
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
15
,
22
,
24
,
30
,
32
,
33
,
34
,
35
,
40
,
41
,
50
,
53n142
,
56
,
59
,
65
,
68n212
,
71n224
,
75
,
77
,
77n253
,
79
,
79n269
,
83
,
86
,
87
,
88
,
96
,
96n2
,
104
,
108
,
109
,
116
,
117
,
121
,
121n89
,
131
,
137
,
137n144
,
138
,
160
,
162
,
165
,
165n29
,
166
,
167n45
,
169
,
171
,
171n62
,
172
,
173
,
176
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
180n96
,
182
,
185
,
186
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
193
Islamization 1
,
10 –12 11n29
,
62
,
94n338
,
108
,
167n45
Istanbul 11
,
29
,
43n101
,
49
,
167n47
,
169n54
,
182
;
Constantinople and Konstantiniyye
Izzeddin Keykavus II (ʿIzz al-Din Kaykaʾus II) (r. 1245–1262), Seljuk sultan of Rum 19
,
23
,
24n8
,
26
,
26n12
,
27
,
28
,
28n20
,
80
,
80n275
,
90
,
91
,
91n323
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
99
,
100
,
104
,
107
,
158
,
189
Jadwiga (d. 1399), Polish queen, wife of Olgerd’s son, Jagiello 126
Jeddah 170
Jerusalem 22n5
,
32
,
101n14
,
115
,
170
,
188
John III Vatatzes (r. 1221–1254), Byzantine emperor 92n327
,
102
,
103
,
128
John V Palaiologos (r. 1341–1391), Byzantine emperor 118
,
119
,
129
,
134
John VI Kantakouzenos (r. 1347–1354), Byzantine emperor 114
,
114n66
,
115n68
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
134
John VIII Palaiologos (r. 1425–1448), Byzantine emperor 132
,
134
John XI Bekkos (1275–1282), patriarch of Constantinople 105
,
105n33
,
106
,
106n36
John XIV Kalekas (1334–1347), patriarch of Constantinople 121
,
121n89
Joseph II (1416–1439), patriarch of Constantinople 132
Joseph Bryennios (d. before 1438, probably 1430/1) 130
,
130n122
Kafir (pl. küffar) see identity
Kallistos I (1350–1353, 1354–1363), patriarch of Constantinople 114
,
114n66
,
117
,
117n74
,
125
Kalon Oros 19
,
99
,
100
,
100n10
,
139
,
189
,
192
Kara Tigin 56
,
64
,
65
Karkariyye / Zile 38
,
39
,
39n78
,
42
Kaşan / Turhal 38
,
39
,
39n78
Kayser Harkil 167, 167n45 ; also see Heraclius
Kayseri 23n7
,
27n18
,
49
,
104n26
,
165
Kefe / Kaffa 173
,
174
,
175
Khurasan 33
,
155
,
164
,
178
,
178n89
Kılıç Arslan II (ʿIzz al-Din Qılıc Arslan II) (r. 1156–1192), Seljuk sultan of Rum 27n18
,
53n142
Kırşehir (Aquae Saravenae) 104n26
,
108
,
108n41
,
164n27
,
165
Koloneia 104
,
104n27
Komana 23
Komnenian, Komnenos (pl. Komnenoi) 44
,
44n104
,
45
,
45n105
,
45n107
,
46
,
46n114
,
47
,
47n116
,
48
,
53n142
,
62
,
64
,
89
,
91
,
196
Konstantiniyye 162
,
167
,
173n70
;
Istanbul and Constantinople
Konya / Ikonion 5n16
,
13
,
28n20
,
53n142
,
71
,
84
,
93
,
102n19
,
107
,
164n27
,
165
,
185
,
186
Lampsakos/ Lapseki 119
Land of Rome see identity
Lazar Hrebeljanović (r. 1360–1389), Serbian despot, father of Despina Hatun see Vılkoğlu
Leh / Lih (Poles / Polish) 126
,
168
Lithuania 4
,
20
,
98
,
113n59
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
146
,
189
,
192
Lopadion / Ulubat 117
Love affairs see frontiers
Lusignans 99
,
101
,
101n14
,
139
,
143n165
,
189
,
192
;
Cyprus
Macedonian Dynasty 37
,
37n73
Mahmud Paşa (d. 1474), the grand vizier of Mehmed II 182
,
182n107
Makarios Chrysokephalos (1336–1382), bishop of Philadelphia 111
,
111n52
,
112
Malatya / Melitene 22
,
23
,
27n18
,
29
,
29n29
,
30
,
32
,
32n42
,
33
,
34
,
35
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
39n78
,
40
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53n142
,
168n49
,
179
Mamluks 94n338
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
188
,
189
Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180) 44n104
,
53n142
Marriage see frontiers
Martyr 4n11
,
6
,
7
,
10
,
11n29
,
12
,
12n30
,
13
,
20
,
96
,
97
,
97n5
,
99
,
111
,
112
,
113
,
124
,
130
,
136
,
137
,
140
,
142
,
145
,
146
,
152
,
154
,
189
,
192
,
193
Anthimos, Metropolitan of Athens (m. 1371) (BHG 2029) 4n11
,
113
,
126 –131 139
,
141n152
,
144
,
149
,
151
,
189
Anti-unionist monks of Mount Athos (BHG 2333) 98n8
Arsenios, the metropolitan of Berroia 98n8
Forty-two martyrs of Amorion (m. 845) 137
,
137n143
George of Adrianople (m. 1437) (BHG 2160) 4n11
,
131 –134 136
,
138
,
139
,
141
,
143
,
148
,
151
,
152
,
155
,
189
John the Younger (BHG 2194) (m. 1341–1343 or 1344–1345) 5n14
,
98n8
Martyrdom narratives, martyrion (pl. martyria), passio 3
,
4
,
5n14
,
6
,
7
,
9
,
10
,
10n26
,
11
,
12
,
12n30
,
13
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
20
,
21
,
60n174
,
94
,
97
,
98
,
98n6
,
99
,
104
,
113
,
115
,
118
,
133
,
135
,
136
,
136n139
,
137
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
150
,
149
,
152
,
153
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
,
204
Martyrs of Philadelphia (March 7, 1348) (BHG 801q) 4n11
,
20
,
110n50
,
110 –113 118
,
137
,
141
,
142
,
144
,
145
,
153
,
182
,
189
Michael of Alexandria (m. ca. 1311–1325) (BHG 2273) 4n11
,
108 –110 117
,
121
,
136
,
137
,
139
,
143
,
145
,
148
,
149
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
155
,
189
Neo-martyr, new martyr 4n11
,
10
,
12
,
12n30
,
26
,
113
,
115
,
123
,
130
,
131
,
133n129
,
137
,
137n141
,
106
Neon-Martyrologion 11
,
11n29
,
12
,
12n30
Niketas the Goth (m. 369– 375) (BHG 1339, , 1340b) 1340 106
Niketas the Younger (m. December 1282) (BHG 2302, 2303) 4n11
,
59n174
,
104 –108 110
,
133
,
139
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
147n179
,
148
,
150
,
153
,
189
Nikodemos the Hagiorite, Athonite monk (1749–1809) 11
,
12n30
Relic 7
,
41
,
79
,
98n6
,
104
,
106
,
126
,
126n108
,
131
,
132
,
136
,
146
,
147
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
183
,
192
Sixty martyrs of Gaza (m. ca. 639) 137
,
137n142
Şehid (shahid) 96
,
96n1
Theodore Gabras (BHG 1745) (m. 1098) 5n14
,
45n107
Theodore the Younger (m. 1347–ca. 1369) (BHG 2431) 4n11
,
113
,
115 –124 129
,
132
,
136
,
137
,
140
,
143
,
145
,
148
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
155
,
189
,
193
Theophilus (m. ca.780) 137
Thirteen Monks of Cyprus (m. 1231) (BHG 1198) 4n11
,
99 –104 139
,
142n160
,
143n164
,
189
Three martyrs of Vilnius/ Lithuanian martyrs (m. 1347) (BHG 2035) 4n11
,
113
,
113n59
,
124 –126 141
,
142
,
146
,
152
,
189
,
192
Matthew I Kantakouzenos (1353–1357), eldest son of John VI Kantakouzenos, co-emperor 117
,
117n74
,
118
Mavrozoumis, a high official in Orhan’s entourage 119
,
119n84
,
120
Mecca 96n2
,
170
,
185
Meat see food under identity
Mehmed I (r. 1413–1421), Ottoman sultan 14
,
184
,
185
Mehmed II (r. 1444–1446, 1451–1481), Ottoman sultan 14
,
164
,
164n24
,
169
,
172
,
173n71
,
182
,
182n106
,
187
Mehmed Beg (d. 1334), emir of Aydın emirate, Aydınoğlu 181
Melagina / Malagina 116
,
116n70
,
117
,
117n71
,
119
,
120
,
120n87
,
121
,
123
,
155
,
189
,
192
Melik Muhammed (r. 1134–1142), Danishmendid ruler, son of Gazi Gümüştekin 27n18
,
86
Menakıbü’l Arifin (Manaqıb al-‘Arifin) 5
,
5n16
,
15
,
21
,
180
,
181
Menakıbü’l Kudsiyye fi Menasıbi’l Ünsiyye 4n12
,
164n27
,
180
,
181
;
Baba İlyas under Abdalan-ı Rum
Mesud II (Ghiyas al-Din Masʿud II) (r. 1282–1296, 1302–1308), Seljuk sultan of Rum, son of Izzeddin Keykavus II 94
,
105
,
105n31
,
107
,
143
,
153
,
189
Mevlana Ibn Ala 26
,
27
,
28
Mevleviyye (Mawlawiyya) 5
Michael I Keroularios (1043–1058), patriarch of Constantinople 100n13
Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282), Byzantine emperor 91n323
,
92
,
92n327
,
94
,
105
,
129
,
129n121
,
133
Michael IX Palaiologos (1294/5–1320), son of Andronkios II, co-emperor 109n43
,
110
Michael the Syrian 51
,
86
Milan 168
,
170
Military
Byzantine military force / army 41
,
42
,
44
,
45
,
45n105
,
46
,
47
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
55
,
56
,
63
,
109n43
Campaign 24
,
30n32
,
65
,
78
,
80
,
87
,
116n70
,
128
,
132
Class 25
,
78
Exploits 19
,
20
,
23
,
36
,
65
,
65n199
,
170
,
182
Mamluk army 108
,
149
Martolos 132
Mercenaries 41
,
45
,
45n105
,
109
Ottoman military force / army 118
,
132
,
132n127
,
138
,
187
,
193
Pehlivan 25
,
34
,
35
,
41
,
43n96
,
50n129
Philopolemos 46
Seljuk army 92
Sipahi 132
Soldier 34
,
36
,
44
,
53
,
55n151
,
96
,
97
,
109n43
,
111
,
112
,
118
,
119
,
120
,
131
,
132
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
139
,
141
,
142
,
145
,
153
,
156
,
178
,
182
,
186
Voynuk 132
Warrior 8
,
9
,
18
,
19
,
22
,
23
,
25
,
32
,
33
,
34
,
35n54
,
37
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
48
,
48n119
,
49
,
50
,
53
,
65n199
,
73
,
92
,
96
,
126n108
,
132
,
136
,
160
,
162
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
185
,
189
,
190
,
191
Warrior-dervish 9
,
11
,
19
,
23
,
158
,
161
;
Sarı Saltuk
Warrior epic 3
,
5
,
11
,
20
,
21
,
22
,
24
,
25
,
96
,
158
,
185
;
Battalname, Danişmendname, Saltukname and Düsturname
Warrior-monk 46
,
46n113 monk
Warrior-priest 43
,
44
,
46
Warrior saint 96
,
97n3
,
136
,
136n140
,
137
,
138
Warrior / thief 32
,
34
,
40
Mircea (r. 1386–1418), prince of Wallachia 185
Mokissos / Ioustinianoupolis / Viranşehir 104n27
Moldavia 98n8
,
167
Monastery / deyr 42
,
43
,
43n101
,
44
,
56
,
100
,
107
,
114
,
120
,
173n74
Monk 11
,
34
,
35
,
42
,
42n95
,
43
,
46
,
48
,
54
,
56
,
56n162
,
76
,
76n251
,
77
,
80
,
94
,
98n8
,
99
,
100
,
100n10
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
108
,
111n52
,
113
,
114
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
129
,
130
,
133
,
140
,
141n157
,
142
,
143
,
160
,
166
,
176
,
186
,
187
Morocco 81
,
170
Mount Athos 11
,
98n8
,
114
,
114n63
Mount Sinai 170
Murad I (r. 1362–1389), Ottoman sultan 177
Musa Çelebi (r. 1411–1413), Ottoman sultan 185
Muslim see identity
Nastor 41
,
42
,
45
,
47
,
50
,
53n142
,
56
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
67
,
68
,
71
,
72n233
,
88
,
183
Neilos Kerameus (1379–1388), patriarch of Constantinople 114
,
126
,
127n109
,
130
,
149
,
151
Neophytos (1222–1254), archbishop of Cyprus 101n15
,
102
,
103
Nicaea / İznik 48n119
,
92
,
92n327
,
102
,
102n19
,
103
,
103n24
,
116n71
,
117
,
120
,
120n87
,
121
,
121n89
,
128
,
140
,
185
,
193
Nicene Empire 99
,
103
,
112
,
128
Nicomedia / İzmit 116
,
117
,
120
Nikephoros II Phokas (r. 963–969), Byzantine emperor 97
Niketas Choniates 59
,
59n173
Niksar / Neokaisareia / Harsanosiyye 23
,
27n17
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
43n101
,
44
,
44n102
Nomad 7
,
8
,
9
,
18
,
21
,
36
,
36n70
,
48
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
57
,
60n175
,
63
,
65
,
65n199
,
92
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
174
,
179
,
180n96
,
181
,
182
,
186
;
Nomadization 7 –10 8n20
Nyssa, in Cappadocia 104
,
104n26
,
108
,
139
,
146
,
147
,
152
,
154
,
192
Oikos 54
,
54n151
,
55
,
64
,
144
,
145
,
148
,
149
,
152
,
153
Olgerd (Algirdas) (r. 1345–1377), Grand duke of Lithuania 124
,
125
,
125n102
,
126
,
141
Oman 170
Osman I (d. 1324), Ottoman sultan, founder of the Ottoman dynasty 116
,
164n27
,
171
,
177
Orhan (r. 1324–1362), Ottoman sultan 117
,
117n71
,
118
,
119
,
120
,
140
,
177
,
184
Ottomans 1n3
,
5
,
8n20
,
9
,
10
,
10n27
,
11
,
12
,
12n30
,
13
,
14
,
14n35
,
19
,
21
,
25
,
26
,
31n38
,
61
,
62
,
68
,
69n212
,
81
,
86
,
87
,
92
,
112
,
115n68
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
129
,
131
,
132
,
132n127
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
138
,
138n147
,
139n148
,
140
,
143
,
155
,
158
,
163
,
164
,
168n49
,
169
,
170n54
,
171
,
171n62
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
174n76
,
177
,
178
,
182
,
184
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
189
,
192
,
193
,
200
,
202
,
203
Pachymeres 80
,
80n275
,
91n323
,
95
Palamism 111n52
;
hesychasm
Palaiologan 16n42
,
98n7
,
104n28
,
144n172
Parakimomenos (Alexios Apokaukos (d. 1345)), megas doux 182n109
Panayır 177
Patria 145n174
Patriarch of Constantinople / batraş / petrik 7
,
20
,
43n99
,
80
,
85
,
99
,
100n11
,
100n13
,
102
,
103
,
103n24
,
105
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
114n66
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
121
,
121n89
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
129
,
129n121
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
133n130
,
135
,
136
,
140
,
142
,
144
,
146
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
161
,
173
,
175
,
189
,
192
,
193
Patriarchal Registers 103
,
105
,
127
Patris 6
,
99
,
136
,
144
,
144n172
,
145
,
145n173
,
148
,
149
,
152
,
153
,
192
Pegai / Karabiga 119
,
120
Pero Tafur (c. 1484), Spanish traveler 85
,
85n305
Philadelphia / Alaşehir / Alaşehri 20
,
110
,
111
,
111n52
,
112
,
113
,
118
,
137
,
141
,
142
,
142n159
,
144
,
145
,
153
,
182
,
182n109
Philaretos, saint 55
,
55n154
Philotheos Kokkinos (1353–1354/5, 1364–1376), patriarch of Constantinople 112
,
114
,
114n66
,
117
,
121
,
122
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
129n121
,
130
,
134
,
152
Pontic Region 5n14
,
19
,
40
,
189
,
190
Portugal 168
,
170
,
14n37
Pope / pap 100n13
,
101
,
103
,
128
,
134
,
160
,
168
,
169
,
175
,
176
,
189
Primacy of the Roman Catholic Church 127
,
134
,
142
Prodromic poems 82
,
82n284
,
85
Prousa / Bursa 116
,
117
,
117n71
,
119
,
185
,
186
Puthil 42
,
67
,
68
,
88
,
183
Renegade 33
,
137n144
,
138n144
Rhodes 91n323
,
170
Romanos IV Diogenes (r. 1068–1071), Byzantine emperor 41n86
Roman / Rum see identity
Rus 33
,
103
,
103n25
,
125
,
146
,
146n175
,
167
,
168n48
,
189
Rükneddin Kılıç Ali Arslan IV (Kilidj Arslan IV) (r. 1246–1249, 1256/57, 1262–1265), Seljuk sultan of Rum, brother and rival of Izzeddin Keykavus II 28
,
28n20
,
93
,
95
Sabas the Fool, saint 122
,
122n91
Saint Chariton in Sille, church of 107
Saint George in Belisırma, church of 107
Saint 7
,
11
,
96
,
98
,
98n6
,
111
,
126
,
131
,
136
,
137
,
145
,
147
,
153
,
165n29
,
181
,
192
;
martyr, hagiography, veli, and warrior saint
Samsun / Samiyye 38
,
41
Sangarios / Sakarya 116
Saltukname 3
,
4n10
,
6
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
11n29
,
19
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
26
,
40n82
,
92
,
158
,
158n1
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168n49
,
169
,
169n54
,
170
,
171
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
189
,
190
Sarı Saltuk 9
,
11n29
,
19
,
21
,
23
,
92
,
94n338
,
158
,
158n1
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
167
,
168
,
168n49
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
177
,
179
,
180
,
184
,
189
,
190
;
Seljuks of Rum 13
,
14
,
19
,
27
,
27n18
,
28
,
28n20
,
39
,
62
,
68
,
83
,
86
,
87n310
,
88n315
,
89
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
100
,
103
,
103n25
,
107
,
107n40
,
108
,
150
,
155
,
156n213
,
164
,
180
,
180n96
,
184
,
186
,
192
Semen Ivanovich (r. 1341–1352), grand prince of Moscow 124
Serb / Sırf, Serbia 1
,
12n30
,
87
,
115
,
118
,
134
,
160
,
167
,
183
Serres 186
Seyyid (sayyid) 156
,
163
Seyyid Battal / Cafer / Suhrab 19
,
23
,
24
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
32 –40 42
,
48
,
50
,
57
,
96
,
137n143
,
156
,
160
,
160n8
,
161
,
170
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
179
,
180
;
Battalname
Shaving, beard, hair see identity
Shepherd 9
,
50
,
52
,
52n137
,
55
,
199n65
,
116
,
140
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
175
Sineson 166
,
166n41
Sinop / Sinob / Sinobiyye 38
,
41
,
168
,
168n49
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
185
,
189
,
190
Sisiyye / Gümenek 38
,
39
,
39n78
,
77
Sivas / Sebasteia 23
,
27n18
,
39
,
49
,
50
,
87
Slavery 2
,
16n43
,
50
,
52
,
55n151
,
62
,
65
,
80
,
94n338
,
117
,
121
,
137
,
138
,
138n145
,
139
,
155
,
156
,
169n54
,
177
,
178
,
180n96
,
193
Smyrna 108
,
111
,
113
,
118
,
145
,
148
,
192
Sofia 131
,
132
,
135
,
192
Sophia, daughter of Grand Prince Vitovt (Vytautas) of Lithuania (r. 1392–1430), wife of Grand Prince Basil Dmitrievich of Moscow (r. 1389–1425) 126
Solkhat 94 Crimea
Space (political, cultural, territorial) 3
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
13
,
15
,
17
,
18
,
18n46
,
19
,
20
,
25
,
38
,
69
,
88
,
89
,
108
,
128n114
,
152
,
160
,
160n8
,
161
,
163
,
167
,
168
,
170
,
177
,
180
,
183
,
184
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
191
,
192
,
193
,
194
City 7
,
9
,
20
,
21
,
23
,
26
,
29n29
,
30
,
32
,
34
,
35
,
36n69
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
52
,
56
,
57
,
59
,
64
,
65
,
68
,
72n233
,
94
,
104
,
108
,
110
,
111
,
112
,
113
,
118
,
119
,
121
,
131
,
135
,
136
,
139 –140 143
,
144
,
145
,
148
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
156
,
157
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
167
,
169
,
172
,
174
,
179
,
180
,
185
,
190
,
191
Frontier see frontiers
Land of Rome see land of Rome under identity
Marketplace 139
,
140
,
156
,
163
,
186
Public space 61
,
104
,
108
,
140
,
193
Christian Roman oikoumene see land of Rome under identity
Rural space 9
,
140
,
162
,
163
,
165
,
166
,
190
Story-world 3
,
17
,
40n82
,
190
,
204
;
land of Rome
Universal/ ecumenical 16n42
,
33
,
37
,
40
,
48
,
56
,
103
,
115
,
116
,
121
,
122
,
126
,
127
,
130
,
134
,
134n133
,
136n139
,
147n179
,
152
,
153
,
161
,
169
,
171
,
171n62
,
174
,
174n76
,
179
,
192
,
193
;
Christian Roman oikoumene
Urban space 9
,
18
,
38
,
39
,
57
,
61
,
69n212
,
108
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
165
,
179
,
190
;
city
Zones of encounter 3
,
5n14
,
9
,
10
,
18
,
21
,
25
,
66
,
139
,
160
,
165
,
190
Spain 168
,
170
St. Titus uprising, Crete (1363/64) 128
Stefan Uros IV Duşan (r. 1331–1355), Serbian ruler 118
Sufi 5
,
60
,
60n178
,
61
,
83
,
84
,
92
,
96n2
,
138
,
163n21
,
165n29
,
184
,
185
,
186
Sungenikon (pl. sungeneia) 65
Süleyman Paşa (d. 1357), eldest son of Ottoman ruler Orhan 118
,
184
,
185
Süleyman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566), Ottoman sultan 188
Synaxarion (pl. synaxaria) 98n6
,
111
,
120
Syria, Damascus, Sham / Şam 32
,
33
,
37
,
51n132
,
80
,
81
,
83
,
168n49
,
170
Şah-ı Şattat 41
,
42
,
45
,
47
,
50
,
52
,
54
,
65
,
67
,
67n207
,
68
,
88
,
183
Taronites 120
,
120n85
Tarsus 11n28
,
30
,
33
,
33n49
,
36
,
36n69
Tavas-Denizli 166
Taxis, order 64
,
64n196
,
94
Tekfur / tekür 32, 160, 167, 169, 173, 175 ; also seecaesar and Byzantine emperor
Tenedos 119
Theodore Metochites (d. 1332), megas logothete (prime minister) 110
,
149
,
150
,
155
Theodore Mouzalon (d. 1294), megas logothete (prime minister) 104
,
105
,
106
,
146
,
147n179
Theoleptos of Philadelphia (1283/4–1322), metropolitan of Philadelphia 112
,
112n56
Thessalonica 76
,
82
,
119
,
120
Thrace 117
,
118
,
119
,
121
Timur (Timur Lang) (r. 1370–1405), founder of the Turco-Mongol Timurid Empire 87n311
,
186
,
187
Timurtaş (r. 1318–1327), governor of Rum 181
Tokat / Dokiya / Dükiyye / Eudoxias 26
,
38
,
39
,
39n78
,
41
,
43
,
56
,
87
,
164n27
Topos (pl. topoi), trope 10
,
15
,
15n40
,
18
,
24
,
51
,
88
,
137
Totor 41
,
42
,
51n136
,
52
Transformation 2
,
3
,
7
,
9
,
10
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
22
,
38
,
161
,
190
Trebizond / Tarabuzan 2
,
5n14
,
8
,
40
,
42
,
42n93
,
62n184
,
67
,
70
,
98n8
,
134
,
189
Tourkokratia 12
Tunisia 170
Turcoman / Türkmen see identity
Turk see identity
Turkestan 33
,
170
Tzympe (Çimpe) 118
Umur / Umur Paşa / Umur Beg of Aydın (d. 1348), emir of Aydın Emirate (Aydınoğlu) 110
,
110n50
,
111
,
111n52
,
118
,
142
,
153
,
171
,
182
,
183
,
189
Union of churches 106
,
111n52
,
129
,
133
,
133n131
,
134
,
135n136
,
183
Universal / ecumenical see space
Üngürüs / Hungary 163
,
168
Veli, velayet, vilayet 165n29
,
181
Velayetname 4
,
163
,
164
,
165
;
menakıbname
Venice, Venetian 128
,
129
,
130
,
133
,
133n130
,
134
,
139
,
170
,
182
,
189
Vılkoğlu (Vukoğlu) 88
Vita 98n6
Water 29
,
36
,
162
,
163
,
164
Woman, , 65m199 6
,
15n40
,
20
,
24
,
35
,
36
,
48
,
54
,
54n148
,
55
,
55n153
,
56
,
57
,
59
,
62
,
63n192
,
64
,
65 66
,
96
,
111
,
166
,
176
,
177
;
love affairs and marriage
Yağıbasan (r. 1142–1164), Danishmendid ruler of Sivas, son of Gazi Gümüştekin 27
,
27n18
,
53n142
Yemen 33
,
170
Zımmi (dhimmi), four books 29n27
,
156
,
156n214
,
157
,
166
Zünnun (r. 1142–1168), Danishmendid ruler of Kayseri, son of Melik Muhammed 27n18
,
53n142