Index
Abstract 3
,
4
,
5 â6 6n6
,
7n8
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
19n
,
20
,
20n5
,
20n6
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
33
,
33n9
,
34
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
47
,
48
,
49
,
50n4
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
55
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
78 â79n30 90
,
91
,
91n
,
92 â94 98
,
102
,
103 â104 105
,
108
,
109
,
122
,
123
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
132
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168
,
168
,
169
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
173n2
,
173n3
,
174
,
175
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
187
,
190n
,
191n17
,
193
,
194
,
196
,
197
,
204
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
211
,
212 â213 218
,
229
,
228 â229n8 239n24
,
241
,
242
,
257
,
258
,
259
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
263
,
266
,
268
,
269
,
270
Abstraction (act of) 2
,
3
,
5
,
5n
,
6
,
7
,
7n8
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
17
,
19
,
19n
,
20
,
20n5
,
20n6
,
21
,
22 â33 33n9
,
34 â35 37 â42 44 â48 51 â53 55
,
63
,
66
,
67
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
92 â94 98
,
102
,
103 â104 105
,
108 â109 122
,
128 â130 133 â135 137 â138 147
,
150 â151 154 â168 173
,
173n2
,
174
,
175
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
187
,
193
,
194
,
205 â206 207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
211
,
212 â213 229
,
257 â258 259
,
260
,
269
Abstractions (as categories, as concepts) 3
,
4
,
5
,
5n
,
6
,
7
,
7n8
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
12
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
17
,
19
,
20
,
20n5
,
20n6
,
21
,
21n7
,
22 â27 31
,
32
,
33
,
35
,
36 â44 45
,
46
,
47 â48 49
,
52
,
53 â54 63
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
92 â94 98
,
102
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
122
,
128
,
129
,
133
,
134
,
141
,
151
,
154 â155 157 â159 165 â168 169
,
171
,
173
,
173n2
,
173n3
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
187
,
193
,
194
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
211
,
212 â213 229
,
257
,
260
,
261 â262 concepts, concrete, criteria, essential, general, method of successive abstractions, precision, specific
Abstract labor see labor (abstract labor)
Accumulation 50
,
63
,
66
,
72
,
80n32
,
83
,
86
,
89
,
90
,
95
,
101
,
110
,
113
,
117
,
118
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
134
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
144
,
150
,
152
,
192
,
195
,
198
,
199
,
207
,
247n30
,
248
,
249
,
250
,
265 appropriation (mode of appropriation), capital (accumulation of capital), hoarding
Africa 83
,
125 â126 131n
,
195
,
195n
,
198
,
200
,
201n
,
231n see colonialism, slavery
Agriculture see social development of productive forces (agriculture)
Alienation 82
,
110n
,
178 â189 183 â184 186
,
193
,
194
,
199
,
207 â209 247
,
256
,
261 â265 268n exploitation, ideology, inversion, knowledge, labor, religion
Americas 97
,
118
,
122 â133 Caribbean, Haiti, Jamaica, North America, slavery
Ancient mode of production (ancient society) see mode of production (ancient mode of production)
Appropriation 45
,
46
,
59 â60n14 60
,
60 â61n15 61 â64 65
,
66 â68 69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
73
,
74
,
74n23
,
75 â80 80n32
,
82n38
,
86
,
89
,
90
,
91
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
101n
,
102
,
104
,
105
,
106 â111 111n
,
112
,
112n
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
118
,
122
,
129
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
149 â150n 188
,
194
,
195
,
196
,
208
,
246
,
261
,
262
,
263 â264 265
,
266
,
266n
,
267
,
268
Appropriators 65
,
65n, 66
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
94
,
97
,
98
,
110
,
112
,
118
,
149 â150n 267
59 â60n14 75
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
105
,
136
Capitalists 65n
,
71n20
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 82
,
83
,
84
,
84n39
,
85n41
,
86
,
87
,
88
,
88n48
,
89
,
88 â89n49 90
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
101n
,
105
,
112n
,
113
,
113n6
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
123n
,
130
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
146
,
152
,
250
,
251
,
252
,
261
,
268
,
268n
,
280
Landlords (Landowners; Lords) 59 â60n14 61
,
62
,
65n
,
69
,
72
,
74n23
,
74 â75n25 75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
79
,
80 â81 80n32
,
81n35
,
81 â82n36 82
,
82n37
,
82n38
,
84n39
,
88n47
,
88 â89 92
,
93
,
94
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101n54
,
105
,
110n
,
112
,
112n5
,
115 â117 123
,
136
,
190
,
191
Patricians 69
,
72n21
,
73
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
105
,
111
,
123n
,
136
Slave-owners 59 â61n14 65n
,
110
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118 â120 123n
,
125
,
126
,
130 â131 131n
,
132 â133 268
The state 59 â60n14 62
,
74
,
74 â76n25 75
,
76 â77n27 84n39
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
97
,
100
,
123
,
125
,
136
Usurer(s) 63
,
72
,
79
Mode of appropriation (Form of appropriation) 46
,
59 â60n15 60 â61n15 61 â64 66 â68 70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
73
,
74
,
74n23
,
75 â80 80n32
,
82n38
,
86
,
90
,
95
,
96
,
111n
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
134
,
136
,
137
,
149 â150n 188
,
194
,
195
,
261
,
262
,
263 â264 265
,
266n
,
267
Ground rent 61
,
75
,
76 â77n27
In kind rent 61
,
62
,
62n17
,
64
,
66
,
74 â76 76 â77n27 77
,
78
,
80n32
,
111
,
112n
,
114n
,
115
Labor rent 61
,
61 â62n16 62
,
75 â76 77
,
111
,
136
,
188
,
191
Money-rent 61
,
62
,
62n17
,
77
,
79
,
80n32
,
111
,
113
Slave labor 60
,
61
,
66
,
69 â70 70 â71n20 72
,
72n21
,
73
,
75
,
77
,
83
,
85n42
,
86 â88 88n47
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
103
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n
,
111
,
111n
,
112
,
112n
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119 â120 121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
136
,
141
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
150
,
151
,
188
,
262
Taxes 55
,
58
,
60 â61 62
,
62n7
,
64
,
66
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
78
,
95
,
111
,
113
,
123
,
136
,
143
,
188
,
189
,
190
Usury (Interest) 12 â13n2 26
,
55
,
60
,
61
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
72
,
72n21
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
79
,
79n31
,
82
,
82n38
,
86
,
86 â87n43 89
,
95
,
98
,
99 â101 111
,
113
,
127
,
136
,
138n
,
196
,
196 â197n22 207
,
246
,
262
,
263
Wage-labor 12 â13n2 45
,
57n
,
61 â62n16 66
,
70 â71n19 85
,
86 â88 88n47
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
98
,
100 â101 101n54
,
102
,
109
,
113 â114 114n
,
116 â117 118
,
129
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
140n
,
142 â143 145
,
149 â150n 152
,
195
,
255
,
260
,
261
,
263 class (class structure; class systems), exploitation, labor (terms of labor, forced labor), mode of production, non-class systems, production (subject of production, exchange-value, surplus-value, and use-value), profit(s), slavery
Asia 61
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 71
,
72
,
72 â74n22 74
,
74n23
,
74n24
,
74 â76n25 76
,
80n33
,
86
,
91
,
201
,
279 China, East Indies, India, Japan, mode of production (Asiatic mode of
production)
Asiatic mode of production see mode of production (Asiatic mode of production)
Banks (Banking) 19n
,
101
,
124
,
144
,
146
,
147 â148 151
,
268
,
273
Barclays 148
,
151
International Monetary Fund 144
World Bank 144 capital (financial capital), mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages), neo-liberalism
Biology (Biological; Biologists) 18
,
174 â177 181
,
183
,
229
,
255 Darwin, evolution (biological), morality
Blank slate theory 174 morality, religion
Brazil 125 â126 130
,
132
,
195
,
195n
,
244 colonialism, Portugal, race, slavery, South America
Accumulation of capital 50
,
80
,
83
,
86
,
89
,
90
,
95
,
101
,
113
,
117
,
118
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
144
,
150
,
152
,
195
,
199
,
207
,
247n30
,
248
,
249
,
250
,
265
Primitive accumulation of capital 83
,
113
,
195
Centralization of capital 79n31
,
86
,
101
,
139
,
143
,
152
Concentration of capital 143
,
146
Financial capital 145
,
152
,
272
Investment(s) 81n35
,
138
,
152
,
247
Reinvestment 69
,
89
,
129
,
138
Merchantâs capital 49
,
50
,
55
,
56
,
59 â60 59n13
,
59 â60n14 63
,
64
,
70
,
71
,
72
,
77
,
85
,
85n41
,
85n42
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
106
,
124 â125 127
,
130n
,
262
Over-production of capital 89
Productive capital 152 appropriation (appropriators, capitalists; mode of appropriation, wage-labor), Capital, class (class structure; class struggle; class systems), labor (abstract labor; free labor; laborers, wage-laborers; wage-labor), mode of production (capitalist mode of production), political economy, production (means of production, private ownership of the means of production; subject of production, surplus-value), relations (class relations; property relations, private property), religion (capital worship), social development of productive forces
Capital (Volume I) 1
,
2n2
,
3
,
5
,
6
,
8
,
9
,
13n3
,
37
,
46
,
50
,
51
,
91n
,
97
,
97 â98n52 253n
,
253 â257 259
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
270
Capital, Volume ii 37 Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Grundrisse, political economy, Theories of Surplus-Value
Capitalism see mode of production (capitalist mode of production)
Capitalismâs historical stages see mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages)
Capitalist mode of production see mode of production (capitalist mode of production)
Capitalist(s) see appropriation (appropriators, capitalists)capital, class (class structure; class struggle; class systems), exploitation, labor (laborers, wage-laborers), mode of production (capitalist mode of production), production (means of production, private ownership of the means of production), profit(s), relations (capital-labor relations; class relations; property relations, private property)
Caribbean 112 â113 125
,
126
,
128 â129 131 â132 142
,
146
,
195 â196 195n Americas, Haiti, Jamaica, slavery (slavery in the Americas)
Categories (Categorization) 3
,
5
,
6
,
7n8
,
9
,
12
,
13 â19 19n4
,
20
,
20n6
,
21 â23 24n
,
26 â48 49
,
50n4
,
51
,
52 â55 63
,
91n
,
94
,
97
,
97 â98n52 102
,
105
,
117
,
137
,
141
,
150 â151 154
,
155
,
161
,
166 â168 189n15
,
206
,
212
,
213
,
259
,
261
,
271
,
271/274n
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
275
,
276
,
277
,
280
Subcategories 16 â17 20n6
,
21
,
22
,
26
,
31
,
33
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
48
,
52
,
154
,
261
,
271/274n
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
276
,
277n abstract (abstractions), concepts, criteria, essential, precision, science (taxonomy)
Catholicism see religion (Christianity, Catholicism)
China 72 â74n22 75
,
83
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
121
,
135
,
141
,
145
,
156
,
188n12
,
189 â190 198
,
210
,
269
,
271 labor (laborers, Chinese laborers), mode of production (Asiatic mode of production), religion (Confucianism)
Christianity see religion (Christianity)
Class (Classes) 3
,
12 â13n2 22
,
37
,
38
,
45
,
46
,
62
,
65
,
65n18
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
76 â77n27 78
,
79
,
80
,
80n32
,
82
,
84n
,
86
,
90 â91 92
,
93
,
94
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
111
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
124
,
126
,
127
,
129
,
131n
,
132
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
150
,
149 â150n 151
,
152
,
163
,
172
,
173
,
173n2
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
184n
,
186
,
188
,
189
,
190n
,
191
,
191n18
,
194
,
196
,
196 â197n22 197
,
200
,
202
,
204
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
211
,
212
,
213
,
230
,
245
,
247
,
248
,
249 â250n 250
,
251
,
252
,
253
,
256
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
263 â264 265
,
266
,
266n
,
267
,
268
,
269
,
272
,
275
,
277
,
279
,
280
Class structure 45
,
69
,
72
,
76
,
91
,
96 â97 104
,
109
,
135
,
150
,
196
,
251
Class struggle 72
,
102
,
135
,
139
,
150
,
251
,
252
,
272
Class systems 37
,
38
,
45
,
65 â67 86
,
90 â94 101
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
107 â109 122
,
127
,
129
,
133
,
134 â137 142
,
145
,
146
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
163
,
172
,
173n2
,
188
,
189
,
191n18
,
194
,
196
,
206
,
208
,
211
,
260
,
261
,
262 â264 appropriation, exploitation, labor, middle class, mode of production, non-class systems, polarization, politics, relations (class relations), revolution(s)
Colonialism 59 â60n14 72
,
77 â79 83 â85 85n41
,
88 â89 113
,
121
,
124 â126 130 â131 141 â143 145 â147 149
,
150n
,
180
,
191n18
,
195 â196 200
,
201
,
201n
,
202n28
,
210
,
224
,
235 â236n17 249
,
272
Colonialism and the transition to capitalism 83
Christianizing savages 195
,
210
Neo-colonialism 141
,
146
,
210 appropriation, expropriation, mode of production (capitalist mode of production; feudal mode of production), race, religion, slavery
Commensurability see science (commensurability)
Commerce 58
,
59
,
59 â60n14 71
,
72
,
80n32
,
81
,
82n38
,
83
,
85
,
85n42
,
88 â89 113n6
,
124 â125 143
,
146
,
195
,
196n22
,
197 see capital, commodity, exchange, trade, world-market
Commodity (Commodities; Commodity-form) 11
,
22
,
33n
,
44
,
55
,
56
,
58
,
58n
,
59
,
59n13
,
59 â60n14 60
,
62
,
62n17
,
64
,
66
,
70 â71 73
,
74
,
74n23
,
74n24
,
75
,
77
,
77 â79n29 79
,
80n32
,
80n33
,
82n38
,
83
,
85
,
87
,
87n46
,
88n48
,
89
,
89n50
,
97
,
101
,
106
,
107
,
111
,
113
,
113 â114n8 114
,
119
,
124
,
125
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
141
,
138
,
139
,
145
,
147
,
150
,
150n
,
151
,
195
,
198
,
245
,
249
Capitalist commodity production (general model) 138
Commodification 44
,
97
,
101
,
114
,
139 exchange, money, production, trade
Common property (Communal property) see relations (property relations, communal property)mode of production (primitive communism), non-class systems
Competition (Competitive market) 45
,
74
,
74n23
,
81
,
81 â82n36 89
,
113
,
116
,
127
,
129
,
138
,
139
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
196n21
,
197
,
198
,
248
,
255
,
261
,
266 commerce, commodity, exchange, markets, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), political economy, religion (religious competition), trade, world-market
Computers see technology
Concentration of wealth 117
,
139
,
152
,
249
,
268 accumulation, appropriation, capital (concentration of capital), class, exploitation, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), polarization, profit(s)
Concrete 3
,
4
,
5
,
6 â7n8 8
,
10
,
12
,
15
,
19
,
19n
,
20
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
24n4
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
33
,
35
,
36
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
47
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
54
,
55
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
79n30
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
102
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
122
,
123
,
128
,
129
,
131
,
132
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
149
,
151
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
174
,
175
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
190
,
193
,
194
,
205
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
229
,
241
,
257
,
258
,
260
,
261 abstract, general, method of successive abstractions, observation, specific
Interiorization 51
,
54 â55 96
,
106
,
109
,
122
,
129
,
135 abstract (abstractions), criteria, dialectics, essential, method of successive abstractions, precision, science
Conceptual doublets see method of successive abstractions (conceptual doublets)
Consumption 57n10
,
69
,
71n20
,
74
,
77
,
113n7
,
125
,
134
,
149 â150n 188n13
,
199
,
229
Over-consumption 59
,
71n20
,
134 exchange, political economy, production, religion (religious taxonomy, religion as marketplace consumption)
Contradiction see dialectics (contradiction)mode of production (capitalist mode of production, contradictions of capitalism)
(A) Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy 49
,
51n
,
97 â98n52 Capital, (The) German Ideology, Grundrisse, Theories of Surplus-Value
Controlled comparison see science (experiment, controlled comparison)categories, method of successive abstractions
Corporations 146
,
147
,
148
,
150 â151 247 â248 268
,
271
,
272 appropriation (appropriators, capitalists), capital, class, commerce, concentration of wealth, globalization, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), neo-liberalism, production, trade, world-market
Corvée labor see labor (corvée labor; laborers, serfs)appropriation (mode of appropriation, ground rent, labor rent), mode of
production (feudal mode of production)
Crisis (Crises) 89
,
139
,
152
,
243
,
245
,
247 â248n31 248
,
251
,
272
,
273
Environmental crisis 245
,
248
,
251
Financial crises 139
,
247 â248n31 272
,
273 class (class structure; class struggle), concentration of wealth, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), polarization, production (over-production), political economy, religion (religious crises), revolution(s), technology (labor-saving machinery/technology)
Criteria (Criterion) 4
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
17 â19 21
,
37
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
45
,
49
,
50 â51 53
,
54n
,
55
,
63
,
94
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
157
,
166
,
185
,
238
,
259
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
267 categories, concepts, essential, method of successive abstractions, precision, science (taxonomy)
Darwin, Charles 257
,
259 evolution (biological)
Deduction see science (deduction)inquiry, observation, science (induction)
Democracy (Democratic) see politics
Despots see appropriation (appropriators, despots, the state; mode of appropriation, taxes)mode of production (Asiatic mode of production)
Contradiction 19
,
114
,
117
,
188n13
,
189
,
209
,
234
,
257
,
268n
Flexibility / freedom in empirical matter 1
,
11
,
26
,
167
,
205
,
209
,
257
Identity / difference 6
,
12
,
12 â13n2 44
,
51
,
65
,
67
,
84n40
,
94
,
96 â97 98
,
105
,
108
,
109 â110 112n
,
116
,
117
,
123
,
134
,
140 â141 147
,
149
,
151 â152 158
,
170
,
171
,
173
,
175
,
179
,
202n28
,
204
,
206
,
238
,
238 â239n23 260 â261 262
,
263
Level of generality 16
,
20n5
,
26
,
27
,
37
,
39
,
43
,
46 â47 49 â50 103
,
129 â130 150
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
172
,
173
,
173n3
,
177
,
182
,
205
Transformation(s) 25 â26 49
,
58
,
62n17
,
63
,
70 â71n19 71
,
71n20
,
76 â77n27 77
,
77n29
,
79
,
79n30
,
80
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 81
,
83 â84 84n39
,
84n39
,
85n42
,
89
,
113
,
114n
,
123n
,
141
,
152
,
193
,
197 â198 201
,
218
,
251
,
255
,
257
,
265
,
266
,
267
,
268n
Vantage point 5n
,
6
,
11
,
15
,
20n5
,
49 â50 51
,
97
,
99
,
116
,
117
,
173n3
,
191n18
,
199
,
229
,
233
,
277 abstract (abstraction), method of successive abstractions, Ollman, philosophy, processes, relations, science
Division of labor see labor (division of labor)class (class structure; class systems), mode of production, non-class systems, relations
Durkheim, Emile see sociology (sociologists, Durkheim)religion (profane; sacred; totems)
East Indies 74
,
74n24
,
75
,
83
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
135
,
136 Asia, mode of production (Asiatic mode of production)
Economic processes see processes
Economists (Economic theorists) 7
,
8
,
12 â13n2 101n
,
102
,
245
,
246
,
247
,
249
,
253n
,
259
,
280
Conservative economics 245
,
247
,
247 â248n32 249 â250n 250
Liberal economics 245
,
246
,
247
,
247 â248n31 250 political economy, religion (capital worship)
Egypt 56n
,
61
,
69
,
73
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
111
,
135
,
136
,
200n26
,
236 â237n20 mode of production (ancient mode of production)
Einstein, Albert 102
Emergence 26
,
31
,
51
,
55
,
56
,
60
,
97
,
98
,
105
,
106
,
106n2
,
113
,
117 â118 141
,
149
,
156
,
172
,
179
,
180n
,
181n
,
187n10
,
191
,
191n18
,
192
,
198
,
199
,
199 â200n25 201n27
,
204
,
210
,
226
,
230
,
232n11
,
235 â236n17 264 categories, concepts, dialectics, interiorization, science (experiment, variables), social change
England see Great Britain
(The) Enlightenment 201
,
235 â236n17 philosophy, science
Environment 52
,
186
,
203
,
230
,
243
,
245
,
248
,
249
,
251
,
273
,
274
,
277
,
278 nature
Essential (Essence) 12
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
20
,
39
,
41
,
43
,
45
,
46
,
53
,
54
,
56
,
67
,
87
,
96
,
104
,
172
,
205
,
257
,
262 abstract (abstraction; abstractions), categories, concepts, criteria, science (taxonomy)
Evolution (biological) 174
,
182
,
198
,
224n
,
230 â231 235 Darwin, morality, religion
Evolution (social) 97
,
161
,
185
,
199n25
,
225 â226 history, revolution(s)
Exchange 50
,
55
,
56
,
58
,
58n
,
59
,
59n13
,
59 â60n14 60
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
70 â71 73
,
74
,
75
,
77
,
78
,
86
,
89
,
89n50
,
90
,
91
,
95
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
103
,
104
,
106
,
107
,
134
,
171
,
173
,
180
,
182
,
186
,
188
,
193
,
203
,
231
,
266
,
267
,
273 commerce, commodity, consumption, production (subject of production, exchange-value), trade
Exchange-value see production (subject of production, exchange-value)
Exploitation 44
,
61
,
65
,
72n21
,
79 â80 80n32
,
81n35
,
82n38
,
83
,
85
,
86 â87 101
,
102
,
105
,
106
,
107
,
110
,
111
,
112n
,
113
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
127
,
129
,
131
,
133
,
143
,
149
,
149 â150n 151
,
152
,
195
,
207
,
208
,
246
,
249
,
249n
,
261
,
262
,
263
,
264 accumulation, appropriation, class, expropriation, labor (laborers; terms of labor, forced labor), production (subject of production, surplus-value), profit(s), slavery
Expropriation 72
,
80
,
80 â81n34 83
,
142 â143 265 colonialism (colonialism and the transition to capitalism)
Feudal mode of production see mode of production (feudal mode of production)
Financial capital see capital (financial capital)
Forced labor see labor (terms of labor, forced labor)appropriation, exploitation, labor (terms of labor, unforced labor), violence
France (French) 1
,
78
,
81 â82n36 83
,
90
,
91
,
108
,
109
,
121
,
125
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
143
,
198
,
276n colonialism
Fundamentalism (religious) see religion (Christianity, Christian fundamentalism; fundamentalism; Islam, Islamic fundamentalism)
General 3
,
4
,
5
,
7n8
,
8
,
10
,
12 â13 18
,
19
,
20
,
20n6
,
21
,
22
,
23
,
24
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
33
,
34
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
48
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
56
,
57
,
57n10
,
57n11
,
60 â61n15 62
,
62n17
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
74 â76n25 78
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 86
,
87
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
111
,
117
,
119
,
122
,
123
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
131
,
132
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
139n
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168
,
170
,
173
,
173n2
,
174
,
176
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
185
,
187
,
188
,
190
,
191n18
,
193
,
194
,
195
,
201n
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
211
,
212
,
216
,
218
,
224
,
224n
,
228
,
228 â229n8 233
,
237 â238n22 239n24
,
241
,
241n
,
247n30
,
254
,
255
,
257
,
260
,
261
,
263
,
264 â265n3 266
,
268n
,
271/274n
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
275
,
276
,
276n
,
277
,
277n abstract, concrete, method of successive abstractions, specific
General abstract see method of successive abstractions (conceptual doublets, general abstract)
General concrete see method of successive abstractions (conceptual doublets, general concrete)
Generalization see science (generalization)
Geography (Geographic) 120
,
139
,
140 â141 172
,
179 â180 181
,
182
,
195
,
224n
,
228
,
231
,
234n15
(The) German Ideology 263 alienation, Capital, (A) Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, Grundrisse, ideology, knowledge, materialism (materialist conception of history), religion, superstructure, Theories of Surplus-Value
Germany 1
,
78
,
91
,
108
,
109
,
125
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
143
,
253
Globalization 45
,
141
,
145 â148 150
,
149 â150n 151 â152 199
,
203
,
204
,
207
,
209
,
210
,
247
,
248
,
247 â248n31 266
,
272 mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages, global capitalism), neo-liberalism
Great Britain (British) 85n41
,
121
,
125
,
126
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
130n
,
132
,
143
,
144
,
147
,
148
,
173n2
,
181n
,
195n
,
198
,
199n
,
200
,
201n
,
276n
,
278
England (English) 78
,
80n32
,
81 â82n36 82n37
,
83
,
89
,
90
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
125
,
126
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
142
,
143
,
191
,
192n
,
196 â197n22 199 â200n25 223 colonialism, Industrial Revolution, mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages; feudal mode of production), slavery
Ground rent see appropriation (mode of appropriation, ground rent)
Grundrisse 3
,
4
,
21
,
50n2
,
254
,
259 Capital, (A) Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, (The) German Ideology, method of successive abstractions, Theories of Surplus-Value
Haiti 121
,
125 Americas, colonialism, France, slavery (slave rebellion; slavery in the Americas)
Handicrafts see social development of productive forces (handicrafts)
Hegel, Georg (Hegelian) 6 â7n7 15
,
169
,
257 dialectics, idealism, Ollman, philosophy, speculation
History (Historical analysis) 1n
,
2
,
2n2
,
3
,
4
,
6
,
6 â7n7 8
,
9
,
10
,
13
,
19
,
19n
,
20n5
,
21
,
21n
,
22
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
38
,
43
,
44
,
47
,
49 â50 50n4
,
51
,
52
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
55
,
56
,
56n
,
58n
,
60
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
72 â73n22 74
,
74 â76n25 77
,
80 â81n34 83
,
87n45
,
88 â89n49 90
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
97 â98n52 102
,
103
,
104
,
106
,
106n1
,
108
,
109
,
112
,
117
,
118
,
121
,
122
,
127 â128 129
,
130
,
132
,
134
,
135
,
137
,
138
,
139 â148 149
,
150
,
149 â150n 151
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
160
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
173n2
,
175
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
184n
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
190
,
190n
,
191n18
,
194
,
195
,
196
,
196n21
,
197
,
199 â200n25 200n26
,
201n
,
203
,
204
,
205
,
206 â211 212
,
218
,
219
,
224
,
225
,
227
,
228
,
229
,
230
,
231
,
231n
,
232
,
234n15
,
235n16
,
236
,
237n21
,
237 â238n22 238
,
239n24
,
240
,
241
,
241n
,
242
,
244
,
247n30
,
249
,
250
,
252
,
255
,
258
,
262
,
263
,
264
,
265
,
264 â265n3 269
,
270 dialectics (level of generality), materialism, mode of production, social change
Hoarding 55
,
56
,
58 â59 63
,
64
,
66
,
71
,
71n20
,
73
,
74
,
74n24
,
75
,
78
,
95
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
134 accumulation, appropriation (mode of appropriation, usury), capital (accumulation of capital; merchantâs capital), commodity, exchange, money, production (subject of production), trade
Holland 56n
,
83
,
90
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
142
,
196 â197n22 200n26
Dutch 59 â60n14 77
,
125
,
141
,
142
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
195n colonialism, slavery
Hunting-gathering/foraging see social development of productive forces (hunting-gathering/foraging)
Idealism (Idealists) 127
,
168
,
171
,
188n13
,
246
,
246n
,
250 (The) German Ideology, ideology, materialism, metaphysics, philosophy, speculation, superstructure
Identity / difference see dialectics (identity / difference)
Ideology (Ideological) 193
,
194
Illusions 255 alienation, (The) German Ideology, idealism, inversion, politics, religion, superstructure
India (Indian) 56n
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
72 â74n22 74
,
75
,
82n37
,
83
,
85n41
,
89
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n
,
125
,
135
,
136
,
142
,
145
,
146
,
156
,
188
,
188n12
,
195n
,
198 colonialism, Great Britain, mode of production (Asiatic mode of production; primitive communism), relations (property relations, communal property)
Indonesia 142
,
195
,
195n
,
201n colonialism, Holland (Dutch)
Induction see science (induction)inquiry, observation, science (deduction)
Inquiry 2
,
3
,
6
,
7
,
8
,
9
,
10
,
13
,
25
,
31
,
33
,
35
,
46
,
63
,
102
,
109
,
119
,
120
,
122
,
129
,
130n
,
137
,
145
,
149
,
152
,
169
,
173
,
198
,
205
,
219
,
222
,
241
,
254
,
258
,
259
,
262
,
274
,
275
,
277 observation, science (induction; deduction)
Interest see appropriation (mode of appropriation, usury)capital (finance capital), political economy, profit(s)
Interiorization (Interiorizing) see concepts (interiorization)categories, concepts, criteria, dialectics, essential, relations (interrelations)
Interrelations see relations (interrelations)concepts, dialectics, processes, science (experiment, variables)
Inversion 171
,
255 â256
Re-inverting 256
,
265 alienation, (The) German Ideology, idealism, ideology, materialism, politics, superstructure
Iran 147
,
156
,
165
,
200n26
,
201n religion (Islam, Shia Islam)
Jamaica 118
,
121
,
125 Americas, Caribbean, colonialism, slavery (British slavery; slavery in the Americas)
Japan 62n17
,
72n22
,
75
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
135
,
136
,
141
,
144
,
146
,
156
,
188n12
,
198 mode of production (Asiatic mode of production)
Knowledge 2
,
14
,
81n35
,
119
,
122
,
153
,
153n1
,
154
,
155
,
167
,
169
,
174
,
175
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
183n8
,
184
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
193
,
198
,
199
,
202
,
202n28
,
203
,
205
,
207
,
209
,
211
,
213
,
219
,
226
,
227
,
230
,
231
,
233
,
234
,
234n15
,
235
,
235n16
,
235 â236n17 236n18
,
237
,
237n21
,
240
,
241
,
252
,
255
,
256
,
280
Alienated knowledge 179
,
180
,
183 â184 193
Knowledge in general 153
,
154
,
155
,
193
Knowledge-form 153
,
154
,
155
,
175
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
185
,
198
,
226
,
231
,
234
,
235 â236n17
Positive knowledge 231
,
252
Sacred knowledge 186
,
187
,
202n28
,
231
,
233 alienation, dialectics, (The) German Ideology, idealism, ideology, religion, science, superstructure
Labor 4
,
26
,
43
,
45
,
53
,
54
,
55
,
55n
,
56
,
56n
,
57
,
60
,
61
,
62
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
65n
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
72
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
79
,
81
,
84
,
85
,
86
,
87
,
88
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
111
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
149 â150n 151
,
168
,
172
,
180
,
181
,
184
,
188
,
189
,
191
,
193
,
194
,
195
,
196
,
198
,
199
,
207
,
208
,
246
,
249 â250n 255
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
263 â264 265
,
266
,
267
,
268
,
269
,
271
,
272
,
275
,
276n
,
277
45
,
99
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
138
,
145
,
261
,
272
,
275
,
276n
12 â13n2 19n
,
43
,
45 â46 57n10
,
61 â62n16 66
,
70 â71n19 80n32
,
82
,
82n38
,
83
,
84n39
,
85 â87 87n45
,
88
,
88n47
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
98
,
100 â101 101n54
,
102
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
113 â114 114n
,
115 â118 129
,
136
,
138 â140 140n
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
149 â150n 152
,
195
,
255
,
260
,
261
,
263
,
271
Abstract labor 45
,
79n30
,
133
,
261 â262
Corvée labor 61
,
62
,
64
,
69
,
76
,
76 â77n27 77
,
88
,
88n47
,
101n54
,
104
,
111 â112 113n7
,
140
,
146
Division of labor 53
,
54
,
55
,
60 â61n15 63
,
71n20
,
72 â73n22 97
,
106
,
135
,
137
,
139
,
172
,
181
,
188
,
188n13
,
193
,
207
Family labor 62
,
76
,
74 â76n25 76n26
,
88
,
88 â89n49 116
Free labor 65n18
,
79
,
87
,
87n45
,
88
,
90
,
99
,
101
,
115
,
121
,
125
,
126
,
128
,
149
,
261
Guilds 56
,
58n12
,
76
,
77
,
77n29
,
78
,
82n38
,
87n45
,
96
,
142
Independent labor 55
,
59n13
,
60
,
69
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
76n26
,
76 â77n27 78
,
81 â82n36 83
,
87n45
,
95
,
105
,
110
,
110n
,
111
,
112
,
116
Labor-power 45
,
57
,
60 â61n15 62
,
83
,
87
,
87n45
,
88
,
99
,
115
,
116
,
123n
,
138
,
261
Labor-time 45
,
57
,
60 â61n15 61
,
88
,
103
,
110
,
111
,
134 â135 260
,
262
Socially necessary labor-time 45
,
57
,
103
,
134 â135 260 â262
Laborers (Workers) 2
,
12 â13n2 43
,
45
,
46
,
55
,
56
,
57n10
,
58n
,
60
,
60 â61n15 62
,
65
,
65n
,
66
,
67
,
70 â71n19 73
,
74
,
75
,
76n26
,
77n28
,
77 â79n29 80
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 82
,
83
,
84
,
84n39
,
86
,
86 â87n43 87
,
87n45
,
88
,
88n47
,
88 â89n49 89
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
98 â102 105
,
106 â110 110n
,
111 â112 112n
,
113 â119 121
,
123
,
123n
,
124
,
131
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
141
,
146
,
149
,
149 â150n 152
,
194
,
195
,
197
,
199
,
247
,
249 â250n 255
,
261
,
263
,
265
,
266
,
267
,
268 â269 271
Artisans 56
,
78
,
94
,
111
,
135
,
188
Chinese laborers 121
Indentured servants 125
,
126
,
149
Peasants 26
,
55
,
59n13
,
60
,
64
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
72n21
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
74 â76n25 76n25
,
76 â77n27 77
,
78
,
79
,
80
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 81
,
81 â82n36 83
,
87
,
87n45
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
99
,
100
,
101n
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
111
,
112
,
117
,
123
,
136
,
141
,
142
,
199
,
261
Self-managing peasant 60
,
64
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
76
,
74 â76n25 76n26
,
76 â77n27 79
,
81 â82n36 83
,
110n
,
111
,
112
Plebeians 69
,
72
,
72n21
,
73
,
83
,
94
,
99
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
111
,
123n
Serfs (Serfdom) 43
,
58n
,
60
,
61
,
63
,
64
,
74
,
75
,
76 â77 76 â77n27 78
,
79 â80 80n32
,
83
,
86
,
87
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
97
,
99
,
100
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n
,
111 â112 113n7
,
115 â117 123
,
124
,
136
,
141
,
142 â143 149 â150n 188
,
191
,
196 â197n22 261
Slaves 43
,
58n
,
59n13
,
60
,
61
,
63
,
69 â70 72
,
72n21
,
73
,
75
,
77
,
83
,
85n42
,
86 â88 88n47
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
100n
,
111
,
111n
,
112
,
112n
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
113n8
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119 â120 121
,
122
,
123
,
123n
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
131n
,
133
,
136
,
146
,
149
,
189
,
196
,
226
,
261
,
262
Wage-laborers 12 â13n2 19
,
43 â44 45
,
57n
,
61 â62n16 66
,
70 â71n19 80n32
,
82 â83 84n39
,
85
,
86 â87 87n45
,
88
,
88n47
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
98
,
100
,
101n54
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
113
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
129
,
136
,
138
,
141
,
142 â143 146
,
149 â150n 152
,
195
,
255
,
260
,
261
,
263
Productive power of labor 60 â61n15 67
,
69
,
86
Reserve pool of labor 116
Slave labor 43
,
58n
,
59n13
,
60
,
61
,
64
,
69 â70 72
,
72n21
,
73
,
75
,
77
,
83
,
85n42
,
86 â88 88n47
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n
,
111
,
111n
,
112
,
112n
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
118
,
119 â120 122
,
123
,
123n
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
133
,
136
,
141
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
149 â150n 188
,
249
,
261
,
262
Subsistence labor (Means of subsistence) 52
,
55
,
57
,
57n11
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
60 â61n15 61 â62n16 65n
,
66
,
69
,
71
,
76
,
76n26
,
77
,
85n42
,
87
,
89
,
95
,
99
,
101
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
107
,
110n
,
110 â111 112
,
114
,
114n
,
115
,
116
,
119
,
123n
,
130
,
134
Surplus-labor 45
,
57
,
57n10
,
57n11
,
60
,
60 â61n15 61 â62n16 62
,
63
,
65
,
65n
,
67
,
69
,
70 â71n19 72
,
76 â77n27 79
,
86
,
87
,
88
,
88n47
,
104
,
107
,
110n
,
111
,
112n
,
114
,
263
,
264
Terms of labor (Labor terms) 53
,
54
,
55n
,
60
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
77
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
104
,
134
,
180
,
196
,
207
,
261
,
267
,
269
Forced labor (Enforced labor) 60
,
61
,
61 â62n16 62
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
69
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
76
,
77
,
78
,
87 â88 90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
98
,
101n
,
102
,
104
,
105 â110 110n3
,
111 â112 117 â118 122
,
126
,
127
,
129 â130 134 â135 163
,
170
,
184
,
188
,
194
,
207
,
261
,
262
,
264
,
268
Unforced labor (Non-forced labor) 60
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
78
,
88
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
101 â102 105
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
118
,
134
,
266
,
267
Working-day 50
,
57n11
,
74
,
77
,
88
,
88n47
,
88 â89n49 104 â105 107
,
109
,
110 â112 113
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
119
,
129 appropriation, class, exploitation, expropriation, mode of production, non-class systems, production, profit(s), relations, slavery, social development of productive forces, technology (labor-saving machinery/technology), value
Landed property see relations (property relations, landed property)
Landowners (Landlords) see appropriation (appropriators, landlords)appropriation (mode of appropriation, ground rent), mode of production (ancient mode of production; Asiatic mode of production; feudal mode of production), relations (property relations, landed property)
Language (Word use) 1
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
11
,
20n5
,
223n
,
254
,
255
,
257 abstract (abstraction; abstractions), concepts, method of successive abstractions, precision, presentation
Level of generality see dialectics (level of generality)
Lumping see science (taxonomy, lumping)
Machinery see social development of productive forces (machinery)technology
Manufacture see social development of productive forces (manufacture)mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages, manufacture)
Market fundamentalism see religion (capital worship, market fundamentalism)
Markets (Marketplace) colonialism, commerce, commodity, competition, exchange, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), neo-liberalism, trade, world-market
Materialism (Materialist) 3
,
4
,
10
,
38
,
52n
,
71
,
71n20
,
77n29
,
81 â82n36 85n41
,
86
,
86 â87n43 87n46
,
110n
,
115
,
127
,
138
,
143
,
150
,
153
,
168
,
169
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
175
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184n
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
188n13
,
193 â194 195
,
205
,
210
,
228
,
229
,
234
,
234n15
,
235
,
237
,
245
,
254
Materialist conception of history 3 class, history, idealism, labor, mode of production, processes, production, relations, religion, science (philosophy of science), superstructure, technology
Meaning 170
,
171
,
175 â176 179
,
181
,
182
,
187 â188n11 189n15
,
198
,
199
,
202
,
203
,
204
,
209
,
210
,
216
,
224n5
,
225
,
227 â230 232n11
,
234
,
243
Crisis of meaning 199
,
202
,
203
,
209
,
210
Nomos 175
,
179
,
182
,
186 â187 191
,
203 alienation, idealism, ideology, knowledge, religion, science, superstructure
Means of production see production (means of production)
Merchantâs capital see capital (merchantâs capital)appropriation (mode of appropriation, usury), hoarding, money, trade
Metaphysics 97 â98n 171
,
172
,
178
,
264 idealism, philosophy, speculation
Method of successive abstractions 7
,
9
,
11 â48 51
,
52
,
55
,
63
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
98 â99 102
,
103
,
122
,
133
,
152
,
153
,
155
,
160
,
166
,
168
,
169
,
172
,
209
,
257
,
258
,
259
,
263
,
270
Conceptual doublets 5
,
8
,
9
,
20
,
47
,
257
5
,
7n8
,
12
,
19
,
20 â44 52 â53 63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
94
,
104
,
108
,
122
,
128
,
129
,
132
,
134
,
137
,
146
,
147
,
151
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
193
,
194
,
205
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
241
General concrete 5
,
19
,
20 â36 38
,
39 â45 51
,
52 â54 63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
94
,
104
,
105
,
122
,
128
,
129
,
131
,
137
,
138
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
151
,
154 â155 156
,
157
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
190
,
193
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
241
,
260
Specific abstract 5
,
13
,
19
,
20 â42 44
,
52
,
53
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
94
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
122
,
129
,
138
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
151
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
193
,
208
,
209
Specific concrete 5
,
19
,
20 â36 38 â45 52
,
54
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
95
,
105
,
128
,
129
,
132
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
149
,
151
,
153
,
154 â155 156
,
157
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
166
,
193
,
194
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
241
Model set 20
,
20n5
,
20n6
,
21
,
27 â33 35 â37 40 â44 45
,
67
,
94
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
133
,
135
,
137
,
138
,
140
,
141
,
149
,
154
,
155
,
158
External model set 28
,
29
,
31
,
32
,
35
,
37
,
40
,
42
,
43
,
44
,
67
,
94
,
128
,
130
,
137
,
155
Internal model set 28
,
29
,
31
,
32
,
35 â37 40
Pathways 20
,
20n6
,
24n
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
33 â35 39
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
104
,
108
,
129
,
141
Re-abstracting 6
,
9
,
10
,
26 â31 32 â35 36
,
37
,
39
,
40 â48 52
,
91
,
104
,
108
,
122
,
128
,
133
,
137
,
147
,
150 â151 167
,
168 abstract (abstraction; abstractions), categories, concepts, concrete, criteria, essential, general, precision, science (experiment, controlled comparison; microscopes; taxonomy), specific
Microscopes see science (microscopes)method of successive abstractions, science (experiment)
Middle class 145
,
146
,
149 â150n 265
,
267 class, labor (laborers)
Middle East 200 colonialism, Iran, religion (Islam), Saudi Arabia
Mode of production 9
,
12 â13n2 21
,
22
,
37
,
38
,
39n
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
54
,
54n
,
55
,
56
,
57
,
57n10
,
58
,
60
,
59 â60n14 63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 71n20
,
72
,
73
,
74n24
,
75
,
76
,
76n26
,
77
,
77n28
,
78
,
79n31
,
80n32
,
80n33
,
81 â82n36 82
,
82n37
,
83
,
84
,
85
,
85n41
,
86 â87n43 87
,
88n48
,
89
,
89n50
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94 â97 97 â98n52 98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
103
,
104
,
106n1
,
106n2
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
117
,
122
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
151
,
152
,
169
,
171
,
172
,
173n2
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
185
,
186
,
188
,
188n13
,
190n16
,
195
,
199
,
211
,
229
,
249
,
254
,
258
,
259
,
260
,
261
,
264
,
268
Ancient mode of production 37
,
38
,
49
,
58n
,
59
,
68
,
69 â70 70 â71n19 71
,
71n20
,
72
,
72n21
,
73
,
74
,
77
,
80n33
,
83
,
84n39
,
85
,
85n42
,
87
,
87n45
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94 â97 98
,
97 â98n52 99
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110 â111 122 â124 134
,
135
,
136
,
191n17
,
206
,
262
Asiatic mode of production 26
,
37
,
38
,
49
,
61
,
68
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
72 â74n22 73 â74 74n23
,
74n24
,
74 â75n25 75 â76 74 â76n25 77
,
77n28
,
79
,
79n31
,
86
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94 â97 98
,
97 â98n52 100
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110 â111 134
,
135
,
136
,
141
,
188n12
,
262
Capitalist mode of production 38
,
49
,
50
,
63
,
77
,
77n28
,
79 â80 80n32
,
80n3
,
80 â81n34 81
,
82n37
,
83 â84 84n39
,
85
,
85n42
,
86
,
86 â87n43 87 â88 88n48
,
89
,
89n50
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94 â96 97 â98n52 101
,
112n
,
113n7
,
114
,
117
,
123
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
134
,
135
,
137
,
138 â139 140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
152
,
173n2
,
195
,
199
,
211
,
229
,
249
,
261
,
268n
142
,
145
,
147
,
148
,
150
,
151
,
173
,
173n2
,
195
,
206
,
209
,
211
Bourgeois (Bourgeoisie; Bourgeois society) 33n
,
49
,
50n4
,
72 â73n22 84
,
86
,
101n
,
190n
,
196
,
197n24
,
199
,
255
,
265
Petty bourgeois 59n13
,
79
,
100
Capitalismâs historical stages 139 â148
Agricultural capitalism 80
,
80n32
,
80 â81n34 81
,
81n35
,
81 â82n36 82 â84 85n41
,
90
,
125
,
127
,
131n
,
132
,
141
,
142
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
210
Global capitalism 45
,
145 â146 147
,
148
,
150
,
149 â150n 151
,
152
,
199
,
203
,
204
,
207
,
210
,
247 â248n31 272
Industrial capitalism 77 â79n24 80 â81n34 82n38
,
84
,
84n40
,
85
,
85n41
,
88 â89n49 89
,
90
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
141
,
143 â144 145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
152
,
173n2
,
196n21
,
196 â197n22 197
,
198
,
210
Manufacture 77 â79n29 80n32
,
84
,
84n40
,
85n41
,
90
,
91n
,
96
,
141
,
142 â143 146
,
148
,
195n
,
196 â197n22 210
Monopoly capitalism 141
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
148
,
210
Transnational capitalism 141
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
151
,
198
,
210
Contradictions of capitalism 114 â115 117
,
209
,
257
,
268n
Proletarians 196 â197n22 265
,
267
Feudal mode of production 26
,
37
,
43
,
49
,
50
,
51
,
59
,
59 â60n14 61
,
63
,
65n
,
68
,
70
,
70 â71n19 72
,
72 â73n22 73 â74n22 76 â79 79n31
,
80
,
80n32
,
80n33
,
81
,
81 â82n36 82
,
82n38
,
83
,
84n39
,
87
,
88
,
89
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94 â97 98
,
97 â98n52 99
,
100
,
101
,
101n54
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
111 â113 115 â117 134
,
135
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
149
,
149 â150n 181
,
211
,
261
,
263
,
264
Pre-capitalist modes of production 49
,
50
,
51
,
59
,
59 â60n14 60
,
61
,
63
,
65
,
73 â74n22 79n31
,
83
,
88
,
84n48
,
89
,
89n50
,
113
,
141
,
142
,
181
,
261
,
264
Primitive communism 37
,
49
,
50
,
67 â70 91
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
98
,
97 â98n52 99
,
104
,
105
,
134
,
141
Socialism and communism 97 â98n52 265
,
266
,
267 appropriation (appropriators; mode of appropriation), capital, capitalist(s), class, commodity, exchange, history, labor, non-class systems, political economy, processes, production, relations, social development of productive forces, value
Model building see science (model building)class (class structure), method of successive abstractions (model
set), structural analysis
Model set see method of successive abstractions (model set)
Modernity 46
,
56
,
85
,
102
,
121
,
122
,
173
,
191
,
194
,
196
,
198
,
199 â202 202n28
,
203 â204 229 â230 234
,
234n14
,
245
,
249 capital, colonialism, Enlightenment, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), postmodernism, science
Money (Money-form) 19n
,
33n
,
49
,
50
,
55
,
56
,
58
,
58n
,
59
,
59n13
,
61
,
62
,
62n17
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
72
,
74
,
74n24
,
77
,
78
,
79
,
79n30
,
80n32
,
82n38
,
83
,
88n47
,
89
,
90
,
95
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101n
,
106
,
111
,
111n
,
112n
,
113
,
114n
,
123
,
123n
,
124
,
127
,
139
,
192
,
217
,
228
,
237 â238n22 245
,
246
,
250 accumulation, appropriation (mode of appropriation, ground rent, money-rent), capital (merchantâs capital), commerce, commodity, exchange, hoarding, slavery, trade, value, world-market
Morality (Morals) 88 â89n49 127
,
171
,
172
,
173
,
174
,
175
,
176 â181 182 â183 185
,
188
,
189
,
193
,
194
,
196
,
196n21
,
196 â197n22 207
,
208
,
217
,
220
,
226
,
228
,
228 â229n8 229
,
233
,
246
,
258
,
266
Morality and animals/biology 173 â177 181 â182 183
,
206
,
211
,
228
,
229
Morality and society (social rules) 167 â168 175
,
176
,
176n4
,
177 â180 180n6
,
181 â183 186
,
192
,
192n19
,
193
,
194
,
203
,
207
,
218
,
228
,
228 â229n8 229
,
233
,
236 alienation, dialectics (level of generality), evolution (biological), evolution (social), idealism, knowledge, religion, superstructure
Nature 52
,
52n6
,
55
,
56
,
56n
,
57
,
57n11
,
60
,
60 â61 61
,
67
,
71n20
,
74 â76n25 77
,
82
,
82n37
,
84n39
,
103
,
106
,
115
,
135
,
153
,
179
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
186
,
187 â188n11 188
,
193
,
198
,
203
,
207
,
208
,
212
,
213
,
227
,
229
,
230
,
231n10
,
234
,
235 â236n17 241n
,
244
,
246
,
247
,
247n30
,
263
,
277
Natural science 3
,
18
,
33 environment, production (natural economy), religion (religious taxonomy, nature
worship)
Nazis 121
,
197n23 exploitation, labor (slave labor), war (World War ii)
Necessary labor-time see labor (labor-time, socially necessary labor-time)labor (subsistence labor; surplus-labor), production (reproduction), social fund
Neo-liberalism 45 â46 141
,
145
,
146
,
210
,
248
,
273
Deregulation 145
,
247 â248n31
Free trade 141
,
145
,
210
Privatization 145
,
210
,
273 globalization, mode of production (capitalist mode of production, capitalismâs historical stages, global capitalism, transnational capitalism), political economy, state (nation-state), world-market
Newton, Sir Isaac 257
Non-class systems 37
,
65
,
90
,
94
,
104
,
105
,
107
,
108
,
134
,
135
,
152
,
260
,
263
,
264 appropriation, class, mode of production (primitive communism; socialism and communism), relations (property relations, communal property)
North America 112
,
125
,
128
,
129
,
146
,
156
,
195n
,
197 Americas, Caribbean, Haiti, Jamaica, slavery, United States
Observation 3
,
5
,
6
,
7n8
,
10 â20 20n6
,
21
,
22
,
26 â29 31 â33 35
,
36
,
38
,
39
,
41 â48 63
,
65
,
90
,
102
,
118
,
122
,
127
,
130n
,
133
,
137
,
145
,
150
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
169
,
185
,
205
,
211
,
238
,
248
,
249
,
254
,
258
,
259
,
262 inquiry, presentation, science (deduction; induction)
Ollman, Bertellâix, 4
,
5
,
5n
,
6n6
,
11
,
20n5
,
50n3
,
102
,
173n3
,
263 dialectics, Hegel
Over-consumption see consumption (over-consumption)
Over-production see production (over-production)accumulation, capital (over-production of capital), concentration of wealth, crisis, political economy, technology (labor-saving machinery/technology)
Pathways see method of successive abstractions (pathways)
Patricians see appropriation (appropriators, patricians)
Peasants see labor (laborers, peasants)
Philippines 142
,
195
,
195n20 colonialism, Spain
Philosophy (Philosophers) 1
,
5n
,
6
,
6 â7n7 7
,
8
,
47
,
153
,
154
,
171
,
174
,
175
,
188
,
214
,
227
,
239n24
,
245
,
246
,
246n29
,
252
,
259 dialectics, Hegel, science (philosophy of science), speculation
Plebeians see labor (laborers, plebeians)
Polarization (class, economic, social) 195
,
199
,
209 alienation, class, concentration of wealth, crisis, religion (religion and social polarization), revolution(s)
Political economy 3
,
6 â7n7 8
,
10
,
12 â13n2 22
,
49
,
86
,
106
,
151 â152 161
,
164
,
168
,
180
,
184
,
189
,
190
,
203
,
209
,
229
,
231
,
245
,
260
,
263
,
266
,
267
,
272
,
273
,
275
,
276
,
276n
,
277
,
278 appropriation, capital, Capital, class, commodity, concentration of wealth, A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, crisis, Grundrisse,
Politics (Political) 1
,
1n
,
7
,
63
,
67
,
69
,
72
,
72 â74n22 74
,
74 â76n25 76
,
79
,
79n31
,
80 â81n34 82n38
,
88
,
88n48
,
100
,
102
,
104
,
106
,
108
,
112
,
117
,
118
,
120
,
124
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
135
,
136
,
149 â150n 153
,
154
,
161
,
164
,
167
,
171
,
174
,
180
,
182
,
184
,
185
,
188
,
189
,
189n15
,
190
,
191
,
191n17
,
192
,
192n19
,
194
,
197
,
200
,
201n
,
208
,
209
,
211
,
212
,
213
,
214
,
229
,
231
,
234n14
,
239
,
244
,
246
,
247
,
247 â248n31 248
,
248n32
,
250
,
251
,
252
,
253n
,
255
,
260
,
265
,
266
,
266n
,
269
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
277
,
278
Conservatives 159
,
165
,
185
,
190
,
192
,
199
,
199 â200n25 201n
,
208
,
209
,
212
,
232
,
232 â233n12 233
,
234
,
234n14
,
236
,
240
,
244
,
245
,
246 â247 247 â248n31 249 â250n33 250
,
252
Democracy (Democratic) 136
,
201
,
256
,
266
,
269
,
272
,
276
Liberals 185
,
190
,
199
,
199 â200n25 202
,
208
,
209
,
212
,
232
,
233
,
234
,
240
,
245 â247 247 â248n32 250 â252 275
Identity politics 251
Voting 124
,
265
,
268 class (class struggle; class systems), relations (political relations), religion, revolution(s), state
Portugal (Portuguese) 59 â60n14 77
,
83
,
90
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
125
,
130
,
132
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
141
,
195
,
195n20
,
235 â236n17 247 â248n31 Brazil, colonialism, slavery
Positivism see science (philosophy of science, positivism)
Postmodernism (Postmodernity) 151
,
152 modernity
Precision (and imprecision) 5
,
6
,
11
,
13
,
14 â15 21
,
24n
,
36 â37 45
,
48
,
50n4
,
52n
,
97
,
102
,
166 â167 170
,
205
,
209
,
246
,
262 abstract (abstraction; abstractions), categories, concepts, criteria, dialectics, essential, language, method of successive abstractions, science
Presentation 10
,
11
,
33
,
35
,
36
,
49
,
54
,
63
,
173
,
255
,
258
,
260 inquiry, language, observation
Primitive communism see mode of production (primitive communism)
Private ownership of the means of production see production (means of production, private ownership of the means of production)
Private property see relations (property relations, private property)
Processes 12 â13n2 19n
,
21
,
25 â26 37
,
38
,
46
,
49
,
51
,
51n
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
56
,
57
,
59n13
,
60
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
77
,
78
,
80 â81n34 82n37
,
83
,
84
,
85n41
,
86
,
87n45
,
88n48
,
89
,
90
,
94
,
99 â101 106
,
106n2
,
111
,
126
,
135
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
143
,
160
,
171
,
172
,
174
,
178
,
180
,
195n
,
225
,
234
,
245
,
250
,
257
,
261
,
262
,
264
,
276
Processes as key variable 12 â13n2 51
,
51n dialectics, relations, science (experiment, variables)
Production 9
,
12 â13n2 21
,
22
,
26
,
37
,
38
,
39n
,
45
,
46
,
48
,
49
,
50
,
51
,
52
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
54n
,
55
,
56
,
56n
,
57
,
57n10
,
57n11
,
58
,
58n12
,
59
,
59n13
,
59 â60n14 60
,
60 â61n15 62
,
62n17
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
65n18
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
70 â71n19 71
,
71n20
,
72
,
72 â73n22 73
,
73 â74n23 74
,
74n24
,
75
,
74 â75n25 76
,
76n26
,
77
,
77n28
,
77 â79n29 78
,
79
,
79n30
,
79n31
,
80
,
80n32
,
80n33
,
80 â81n34 81n35
,
81 â82n36 82n37
,
82n38
,
83
,
84
,
84n39
,
85
,
85n41
,
85n42
,
86
,
86 â87n43 87
,
87n45
,
87n46
,
88
,
88n48
,
89
,
89n50
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
97n52
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
101n54
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
106n1
,
106n2
,
107
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n3
,
111
,
112
,
112n5
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
119
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
140
,
140n
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
149
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
169
,
170
,
171
,
172
,
173n2
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
184n
,
185
,
186
,
188
,
188n12
,
188n13
,
190n16
,
193
,
194
,
195
,
197
,
196 â197n22 199
,
206
,
207
,
211
,
229
,
230
,
247
,
249
,
250
,
249 â250n33 254
,
258
,
259
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
264
,
265
,
266
,
267
,
268
,
268n
,
269
52
,
58n
,
62
,
65
,
65n
,
66
,
67
,
72
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
78
,
83
,
86
,
86 â87n43 87
,
88
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
101n
,
105
,
106
,
110
,
110n
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
116
,
129
,
136
,
138
,
140
,
151
,
194
,
195
,
250
,
249 â250n33 261
,
265
,
266
,
267
,
268
,
269
Laborer(s) own their own means of production 58n
,
66
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
78
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
99
,
100
,
105
,
110
,
266
,
267
,
269
Private ownership of the means of production 87
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
129
,
136
,
138
,
140
,
151
,
195
Natural economy 56
,
57
,
60
,
68
,
74 â76n25 77
,
82
,
82n37
,
103
,
135
Over-production 71
,
71n20
,
89
,
139
Production in general 37
,
45
,
46
,
52
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
60 â61n15 66
,
68
,
80 â81n34 90
,
91
,
92
,
94
,
108
,
127
,
129
,
133
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
145
,
146
,
150
,
152
,
173n2
,
260
Productive forces (Forces of production) 53
,
54
,
55
,
56
,
59
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
70
,
71
,
71n20
,
73
,
75
,
76
,
78
,
84n39
,
85
,
86
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
104
,
106
,
129
,
134
,
136
,
137
,
139
,
143
,
146
,
152
,
171
,
180
,
181
,
188n13
,
198
,
207
,
230
,
261
,
266
,
267
,
268n
Reproduction (Generational reproduction; Social reproduction) 57
,
57n10
,
60 â61n15 63
,
68
,
77
,
79
,
81n35
,
101n
,
103
,
104
,
107
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
119
,
134
,
138
,
266
Subject of production 53
,
54
,
55
,
56 â60 63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
86
,
90
,
91
,
95
,
97
,
106
,
107
,
110
,
113
,
134
,
137
,
138
,
180
,
207
,
261
,
267
Exchange-value 54
,
56
,
58
,
59
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
69
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
95
,
103
,
104
,
107
,
129
,
134
,
137
,
138
,
266
,
267
Surplus-value 12 â13n2 45
,
46
,
53
,
54 â55 56
,
57
,
57n10
,
58
,
60
,
60 â61n15 61 â62 63 â70 72
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
78
,
80n32
,
85n42
,
86 â87 88
,
90
,
95
,
96
,
97
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
105 â111 112n
,
113
,
115 â117 122
,
127
,
129 â130 134
,
135 â139 139n
,
140
,
151
,
181
,
188
,
195
,
199
,
262
,
263 â264 264 â265n3 265
,
266
,
267
Use-value 54
,
56
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
60 â61n14 64
,
65
,
66
,
67 â68 70
,
72 â73 74n24
,
75
,
78
,
93
,
95
,
103
,
104
,
107
,
129
,
134
,
137
,
138
,
265
,
266
,
267 accumulation, appropriation, capital (over-production of capital), commodity, exchange, hoarding, labor (laborers; subsistence labor; terms of labor), mode of production, processes, relations (productive relations; property relations), social development of productive forces, social fund
Profit(s) 2
,
12 â13n 22
,
45
,
59 â60n14 60 â61n15 61 â62n16 71n20
,
80
,
80 â81n34 82
,
82n38
,
85 â86 88
,
89
,
101
,
112n5
,
113 â114 117
,
125
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
131n
,
138
,
138n
,
139
,
139n14
,
143
,
150
,
149 â150n 151
,
152
,
195
,
198
,
199
,
207
,
208
,
229
,
246
,
247
,
248
,
250
,
266 accumulation, appropriation, capital, class, commerce, commodity, concentration of wealth, exchange, exploitation, labor (terms of labor, forced labor), mode of production (capitalist mode of production), money, political economy, production (subject of production, surplus-value), technology (labor-saving machinery/technology)
Property relations see relations (property relations)
Protestant Reformation see religion (Protestantism, Protestant Reformation)
Race (Racial; Racism) 121
,
128
,
131n
,
167
,
202
,
251
,
271
,
275
,
276
,
279 colonialism, slavery, xenophobia
Re-abstracting see method of successive abstractions (re-abstracting)
Relations (Relationships)
65
,
66
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
90
,
91
,
106
,
107
,
109
,
113
,
117
,
122
,
129
,
135
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
150
,
172
,
181
,
196
,
207
,
260
,
261
,
268
,
269
Capital-labor relations 117
,
129
,
141
,
145
Egalitarian relations 69
,
106
Exchange relations 58
,
74
,
89
,
106
Interrelations 13
,
26
,
46
,
47
,
50n4
,
51
,
54
,
55
,
56
,
88n48
,
98
,
99
,
102
,
108
,
130
,
169
,
170
,
179
,
205
,
258
Lord-serf relation 117
Master-servant relations 15
,
83
,
88n47
,
105
,
112
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
117
,
122
,
124
,
126
,
131
,
131n
,
189
Political relations (Power relations) 69
,
104
,
118
,
124
,
125
,
127
,
135
,
180
,
182
,
183
,
184
Productive relations 51
,
53
,
63
,
64
,
66 â67 70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
94
,
178
,
185
,
188n12
,
207
,
261
,
262
Property relations 65
,
66
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
90
,
91
,
95
,
97
,
106n1
,
107
,
109
,
110n
,
114
,
117
,
134
,
137
,
180
,
207
,
208
,
265
,
267
Communal property (common property) 65
,
66
,
67
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
72
,
72 â73n22 74 â76n25 76 â77n27 81n35
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
106n1
,
186
,
266
,
267
Landed property 22
,
50n4
,
61
,
65
,
66
,
67
,
72
,
72 â73n22 73
,
75
,
76
,
76n26
,
77
,
78
,
80
,
80n33
,
80 â81n34 84n39
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
99
,
100
,
106
,
112 â113n 127
,
135
,
136
,
140
,
188
,
189
,
260
Private property 66
,
83
,
87
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
96
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
125
,
127
,
129
,
136
,
138
,
140
,
151
,
195
,
196
,
207
,
250
,
268n
Relations as key variable 12 â13n2 51
,
51n appropriation (appropriators), class, dialectics, exploitation, mode of production, processes, production (means of production, private ownership of the means of production), science (experiment, variables), state
Religion 9
,
10
,
71
,
71n20
,
103
,
126
,
128
,
153
,
153n2
,
154 â168 168 â213 214 â252 260
,
263
,
271
,
274
,
275
,
277
,
280
Animism (Animists) 153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
168
,
187
,
242
Shamanism (Shamans) 155
,
156
,
185
,
186
,
220
,
221
,
222
,
225
,
240
Apologists 205
,
224
,
229
,
234n14
,
248 â249
Atheism 205
,
209
,
210
,
212 â213
Buddhism (Buddhists) 155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
180n
,
190
,
198
,
204
,
214
,
217
,
223n
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
237 â238n22 238
,
246
Dalai Lama 189n14
,
198
,
240n26
Capital worship 245 â250
Market fundamentalism 209
,
246 â247
Market apologists 248
,
247 â248n31
Charisma 214
,
228
Routinization of charisma 214
Christianity (Christians) 126
,
128
,
155 â156 157
,
158
,
158 â159n 159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
176
,
179n
,
180n
,
187n10
,
189
,
189n15
,
190
,
191n17
,
192
,
192n
,
195
,
195n
,
196
,
196 â197n22 197
,
197n23
,
198
,
199 â200n25 200
,
201
,
202
,
202n28
,
203
,
204
,
205
,
206
,
210
,
215
,
217
,
219
,
220
,
221
,
222
,
223
,
223n
,
224
,
225
,
226
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
233
,
232 â233n12 235
,
236
,
235 â236n17 236n18
,
236 â237n20 237
,
238
,
238 â239n23 239n24
,
241
,
243
,
244
,
247
,
250
157
,
158
,
161
,
179n
,
189n15
,
191
,
199 â200n25 203
,
215 â216 219n2
,
221
,
222
,
223
,
224 â226 232n11
,
238 â239n23 241
,
244
,
247
Cafeteria Christianity 203
,
204
,
210
Catholicism 155
,
156
,
157
,
160
,
161
,
163
,
165
,
166
,
191
,
192 â194 195n
,
198
,
216 â217 219n
,
222
,
222n
,
232n11
,
232 â233n12 235
,
238 â239n23
Catholic Mass 192
,
216
,
219
,
219n
Nicene Creed 219
,
222
,
222n
,
224
Vatican 161
,
198
Vatican ii 161
,
163
,
164
,
198
Christian fundamentalism 199 â200n25 201 â202 203
,
209
,
210
,
232 â233n12 236
,
236n18
,
240
Council of Nicaea 238 â239n23
Creationism (Creationists) 218
,
240n25
Crusades 192
,
192n
Dominion Theology 201 â202 210
Eastern Orthodox Church 156
Final Days 243
Protestantism 155
,
156
,
157
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
189n14
,
194
,
195
,
196
,
199 â200n25 201
,
210
,
222
,
232
,
232 â233n12
Baptists 157
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
166
,
199 â200n 215
,
232n11
,
232 â233n12 251
Protestant Reformation 160
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
192n
,
192 â193
Second Coming 199 â200n 238 â239n23 250
Spanish Inquisition 192
Confucianism (Confucius) 189 â190
Conversion (Converting) 126
,
157
,
158
,
159 â160 176n
,
186
,
189
,
191
,
200
,
225
,
239
Forced conversion 163
,
171
,
194
,
199n
,
210
,
224
,
244
,
249
Cults 156
,
181
,
187n10
,
189
,
189n14
,
190
,
198
,
204
,
232
,
249
Cargo cults 181
,
181n
(The) Bible 176
,
191
,
192n
,
197n23
,
199 â200n 215
,
217
,
225
,
226
,
235
,
236n18
New Testament 225
,
226
Ephesians 196
,
236
Matthew 217
,
247
Paul the apostle 225
Romans 196
Old Testament 176n
,
183n
,
225
,
226
,
236
,
242
Abraham (Abrahamic belief/religions) 158
,
163
,
183n
,
191
,
191n18
,
200
,
200n26
,
203
,
204 â205 226
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
241n
,
244
,
246
Deuteronomy 176n4
,
236
Exodus 236 â237n20
The Exodus 241
Leviticus 236
Ten Commandments 236
,
236 â237n20
Epicurean Paradox 242
Functionalist models 170 â171 209
Fundamentalism (generally) 159
,
203
,
209
,
210
,
240
Hinduism (Hindus) 155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
233
,
238
,
246
Bhagavad Gita 235
Islam (Muslims) 155
,
156
,
157 â158 158 â159n 159
,
160
,
162 â163 165 â166 176n
,
180n
,
191n18
,
192
,
192n
,
200
,
200n26
,
201n
,
202
,
202n28
,
210
,
217
,
226
,
227
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
233
,
236
,
243
,
244
Islamic fundamentalism 200
,
200n26
,
201
,
201n
,
202
,
202n28
,
203
,
209
,
210
Jihad 200n26
Koran 176n
,
235
Mohammad 162 â163 200n26
,
232n11
Sharia law 200 â201
Shia Islam 156
,
162
,
165
,
201n
,
232n11
Sunni Islam 156
,
162
,
165
,
166
,
201n
,
232n11
Wahhabism 200n26
,
201n
,
210
Judaism (Jews/Jewish) 121
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
176n
,
179
,
180n
,
189n14
,
189n15
,
190
,
192
,
217
,
224 â225 226
,
228n7
,
232n11
,
235
,
238 â239n23
Hebrews 176n
,
179n
,
225
,
226
Monotheism (Monotheist) 153 â160 162
,
163
,
166
,
168
,
189
,
191
,
191n18
,
197
,
200
,
200n26
,
202n28
,
203
,
244
Universalist monotheism 158
,
159
,
160
Required universalist monotheism 158
,
159
,
160
,
162
,
163
,
197
,
200
,
200n26
,
202n28
,
225
,
226
,
224
New Age movement 204
,
209
,
210
Omnism 233n13
Ontological Proof of Godâs Existence 241 â242
Paganism 192
,
204
Pascalâs Wager 239n24
,
242n
Polytheism 153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
168
,
188
,
189n15
,
217
Profane 153
,
154
,
155
,
158
,
170
,
178 â179 183
,
186
,
197
,
199
,
206
,
211
Proselytizing 159
,
200
,
219 â220 225
,
244
Proto-religion 187
,
187n10
,
187 â188n11 195n
,
217
,
234
Religion and levels of generality 169
,
170
,
172 â213 195 â205 206
,
208
,
210
,
211
Capitalism in general 195
,
206
,
207
,
208
,
209
,
211
Class societies in general 188 â194 206
,
208
,
211
Earliest societies 186 â187 206
,
211
Humans as animals 173 â175 181 â182 206
,
211
Humans as humans 175 â176 181 â182 206
,
211
Society in general: differences: 179 â182 183 â184 206
,
207
Society in general: identities 176 â179 183 â184 206
,
207
Religion and social polarization 195
,
199
,
209
Religion and tautology 235
,
237 â238
Religion and teleology 171
,
238
,
240
,
240n25
Religious competition 189
,
192 â193 197
,
204
Religious conservatives 159
,
165
,
185
,
190
,
192
,
199
,
199 â200n25 201n
,
208
,
209
,
212
,
232
,
232 â233n12 233
,
234
,
234n14
,
236
,
240
,
244
,
247
Religious crises 199
,
203
,
235 â236n17
Crisis of meaning 199
,
202
,
203
,
209
,
210
Religious doctrine / dogma 157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
176n
,
177
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
191
,
192
,
192n
,
194
,
195n
,
197n24
,
199 â200n25 200
,
202
,
204
,
205
,
207
,
208
,
210
,
211
,
212
,
213
,
219n
,
223n
,
232
,
232 â233n12 233
,
233n13
,
239
,
238 â239n23 240
,
241
,
245
,
246
,
249
,
250
Religious liberals 185
,
190
,
199
,
200
,
199 â200n25 200n26
,
202
,
208
,
209
,
212
,
232
,
233
,
234
,
240
,
247
Religious pluralism 185
,
197
,
202
,
212
Religious relativists 185
,
205
,
208
,
212
,
232
,
233
,
234
,
240
Religious taxonomy 153 â168 169
,
185 â213
Application of religious beliefs 157
,
185
,
187
,
190
,
194
,
200
,
202
,
203
,
204
,
205
,
208
,
211
,
212
,
223
,
225
Authority structure 165
,
166
,
186
,
187
,
188
,
192 â193 205
,
207
,
208
,
211
,
213
Bottom-up 165
,
166
,
186
,
208
Meso level 166
Top-down 165
,
208
Cosmological subject 182
,
187
,
187 â188n11 190
,
194
,
202
,
203
,
204
,
209
,
213
,
234
,
235n16
,
239n24
Generic god (Generic belief) 199
,
204 â205 209
,
210
,
212
,
213
,
241
,
241n
Individual conglomerate religion 204
,
212
,
213
Institutional religion 197 â198 200
,
201
,
202
,
203
,
204
,
209
,
210
,
212
,
213
,
219
,
228
,
244
,
245
,
249
Knowledge structure 178
,
186
,
187
,
202
,
209
,
211
,
213
Nature worship (Natural religion) 186
,
212
,
213
Religion as marketplace consumption 199
,
203 â204
Religionâs constants 155
,
181
,
182 â183 185
,
206 â207 211
Ruling class religion 191
,
196
,
197 â198 200
,
202
,
212
,
213
State religion 189 â191 196 â197 200
,
202
,
212
,
213
,
218
,
245
Terms of belief 185
,
186 â187 190
,
200
,
208
,
211
,
212
Revelation 185
,
199 â200n25 227
,
232
,
238
,
240
,
246n29
Ritual 153
,
155
,
158
,
161
,
170
,
179
,
180
,
181n
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
189
,
190
,
192
,
196 â197 204
,
205
,
206 â207 211
,
212
,
217
,
218
,
231
,
233n13
Sacred 153
,
154
,
155
,
158
,
170
,
179
,
182
,
183
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
197n23
,
200
,
202n28
,
206
,
211
,
212
,
217
,
218
,
224n
,
227
,
231
,
232
,
233
,
240
,
245 â246 280
Sects 187n10
,
198
,
199 â200n25 200
,
201
,
204
,
210
,
237 â238n22 238 â239n23 243
,
244
,
251
Shintoism 155
,
156
,
190
Totems 179n
,
180
,
182
,
205
Universalism 157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
162
,
176n alienation, (The) German Ideology, history, idealism, ideology, knowledge, materialism, meaning, morality, sociology (sociologists, Durkheim), superstructure
Rent see appropriation (mode of appropriation, ground rent)class, exploitation, labor (terms of labor, forced labor), mode of production (ancient mode of production, Asiatic mode of production, feudal mode of production), production (subject of production, surplus-value)
Reserve fund see social fund
Revolution(s) 59n
,
79n31
,
84n40
,
85n41
,
86 â87n43 102
,
136
,
141
,
143
,
146
,
150
,
173n2
,
189
,
190n
,
195
,
195n
,
198
,
200n26
,
208
,
250
,
265
,
266
,
269 class (class struggle), concentration of wealth, crisis, mode of production (socialism and communism), politics, production (means of production), slavery (slave rebellion), state
Rome (Roman/Romans) 21
,
21n7
,
22
,
59 â60n14 62n17
,
65
,
69
,
70
,
71
,
71n20
,
72
,
72n21
,
73
,
82n37
,
83
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
111
,
111n
,
114
,
117
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
126
,
127
,
128
,
135
,
136
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
161
,
163
,
164
,
188
,
189
,
189n15
,
190
,
191n17
,
191n18
,
192n
,
196 â197 200
,
220
,
225
,
238 â239n23 242 appropriation (appropriators, patricians), labor (laborers, plebeians), mode of production (ancient mode of production), slavery (Roman slavery)
Russia 21 â22 69
,
70
,
91
,
97 â98n 198
Saudi Arabia 165
,
166
,
200n26
,
201n
,
243 Middle East, Iran, religion (Islam, Sunni Islam)
Science (Scientific) 1 â2 2n2
,
3 â4 4n
,
5 â9 11
,
14
,
18
,
25
,
33
,
46
,
47
,
51n
,
71n20
,
79
,
80 â81n34 97
,
97 â98n52 101
,
102
,
149
,
153
,
154
,
166
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
170
,
171 â172 175
,
183n
,
192n
,
195n
,
198
,
199 â200n25 202n28
,
203
,
205
,
207
,
211
,
213
,
218
,
227
,
230
,
234n15
,
234 â235 235n16
,
237
,
237n21
,
238
,
240
,
240n26
,
241
,
245
,
248
,
250
,
251
,
253
,
253n
,
254 â255 256
,
257 â259 265
,
269 â270 273
,
278
,
280
1
,
256
Causality (Causal forces) 13
,
17
,
18
,
19
,
27
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
47
,
48
,
51
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
101
,
102
,
130
,
132
,
150
,
167
,
240
Commensurability 36 â37 170
Incommensurable 170
,
235n16
Deduction 2
,
4n4
,
67
,
195n20
,
239n24
,
242
,
242n
,
247n30
Experiment (Experimental model) 1
,
2
,
3
,
4n
,
7n8
,
8
,
9
,
11
,
13
,
22
,
47
,
51
,
102
,
168
,
159
,
263
,
270
Constant(s) (Assumed variables) 3
,
13
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
33
,
41
,
42
,
51
,
52
,
53
,
54
,
65
,
68
,
102
,
104
,
106
,
109
,
116
,
130
,
137
,
139n
,
140
,
141
,
142
,
146
,
151
,
155
,
166
,
167
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
185
,
194
,
206
,
209
,
211
,
255
,
258
,
260
Controlled comparison 9
,
10
,
12
,
12 â13n2 13
,
14 â18 22 â28 30 â32 33
,
35 â44 45 â46 47 â48 50 â51 53 â54 63
,
67 â68 74
,
83
,
85 â86 90
,
97 â102 103 â123 123n
,
124 â133 147 â148 149 â150n 151
,
154
,
156
,
158
,
159 â168 174
,
186
,
188
,
197
,
206
,
208 â209 211
,
258
,
260
,
262
,
263 â264
Variables 3
,
9
,
11
,
12
,
13
,
16 â19 22
,
25
,
30
,
31 â32 36
,
37
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
44
,
46 â47 50
,
51
,
51n
,
54 â55 63 â65 67
,
68
,
82n38
,
90 â91 91n
,
94
,
95
,
96
,
97 â98 99
,
100
,
101
,
102
,
103
,
105
,
107
,
108 â109 115 â116 117
,
118
,
120
,
127
,
129 â130 131
,
132
,
133
,
134 â137 139
,
140
,
142
,
147
,
149 â150 149 â150n 164
,
165 â166 168
,
178
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
184
,
185 â186 194
,
202 â203n29 205 â206 211
,
212
,
213
,
234n15
,
257 â258 259 â262 265
,
270
Generalization 27
,
43
,
47
,
48
,
121
,
166
,
167
,
239n24
Overgeneralization 170
Induction 2
,
4n4
,
67
Microscopes 1
,
2
,
3
,
4n4
,
9
,
11
,
22
,
31
,
33n9
,
35
,
47
,
151
,
255n16
,
259
,
263
Model building 5
,
9
,
11
,
12
,
12n13
,
20
,
20n5
,
20n6
,
21
,
26
,
27 â33 34
,
35 â37 40 â44 45
,
46 â48 49
,
63
,
67
,
68
,
90 â91 94
,
96 â98 97 â98n52 102
,
103 â109 115
,
117
,
122
,
125
,
126 â130 133 â138 138n13
,
139 â152 154 â155 158
,
166
,
167 â168 169 â172 173n2
,
181 â185 205 â206 209
,
229
,
235n16
,
246
,
258
,
259 â261 262 â263 267 â270
Positivism (Positive knowledge) 1
,
2n2
,
231
,
252
Taxonomy 2
,
4n
,
6
,
9
,
17
,
39
,
42
,
48
,
51
,
53
,
54n
,
55
,
63
,
67
,
94
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
168
,
169
,
185
,
186
,
206
,
212
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
267
Lumping 6
,
9
,
13
,
14 â18 20
,
22
,
26
,
35
,
46 â47 53
,
96
,
97
,
105
,
135
,
153
,
167
,
185
Splitting 6
,
9
,
13
,
14
,
16 â18 22
,
26 â27 29
,
31
,
33
,
35
,
38
,
45
,
46
,
53
,
65
,
97
,
105
,
129
,
134
,
155
,
157
,
160
,
185 categories, concepts, criteria, dialectics, essential, language, method of successive abstractions, philosophy, precision, structural analysis
Serfs see labor (laborers, serfs)labor (corvée labor), mode of production (feudal mode of production)
Slavery 9
,
43 â44 58n
,
59
,
59n13
,
60
,
59 â60n14 61
,
63
,
64
,
65n
,
66
,
69 â70 70 â71n20 72
,
72n21
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
77
,
83
,
85
,
85n42
,
86 â87 87n45
,
88
,
88n47
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
99
,
100
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
106
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
110n
,
111
,
111n
,
112
,
112n
,
113
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
113n8
,
114
,
114n
,
115 â123 123n
,
124 â130 130n
,
131
,
131n
,
132
,
133
,
136
,
141
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
149
,
149 â150n 150
,
151
,
169
,
188
,
189
,
196
,
196n22
,
197n23
,
249
,
260
,
261
,
262
,
268
Abolition and abolition movements 126
,
128
,
130
,
130n
,
132
,
197n23
American slavery 65n
,
112n
,
113n7
,
123n
,
128
,
132
,
145
,
147
,
149 â150n 197n23
British slavery 121
,
125
,
126
,
128 â132
Capitalist slavery 112n
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
122
,
123n
,
125
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130
,
132
,
133
,
145
,
149
,
149 â150n 150
,
249
Middle Passage 126
,
130
Plantations 81 â82n36 110n
,
112n
,
113n6
,
115
,
118
,
120
,
125
,
126
,
129
,
130
,
131
,
131n
,
132
,
133
,
147
,
150
Roman slavery 71n20
,
72
,
108
,
109
,
111
,
111n
,
114
,
117
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
123n
,
124
,
126
,
127
,
128
Slave rebellion 121
,
124
,
133
Slave trade / importation 59
,
98
,
111
,
112 â113 115
,
118
,
119
,
120 â121 123
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
130
,
130n
,
131
,
131n
,
132
,
133
Slavery in the Americas 112
,
118
,
121 â131 131n
,
132 â133 146
Spanish slavery 125
,
130
,
132 appropriation (appropriators, slave-owners; mode of appropriation), capital (merchantâs capital), commodity, exploitation, labor (laborers, slaves; slave labor; terms of labor, forced labor), production (subject of production, surplus-value), relations (master-servant relations), violence
Social change 19
,
26
,
47
,
51n
,
59n13
,
62
,
63
,
72
,
73 â74n22 101n
,
116
,
123
,
124
,
126
,
132
,
140
,
145
,
147
,
149
,
152
,
157
,
161
,
163
,
167
,
168
,
172
,
180
,
183
,
184
,
186
,
188
,
191n17
,
193
,
194
,
195
,
199
,
202n28
,
203
,
204
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
209
,
219
,
223
,
225
,
230 â231 232
,
235
,
235 â236n17 238 â239n23 240
,
251
,
252
,
258
,
265
Change within and between systems 19
,
25
,
63
,
98
,
108
,
140
,
163
,
172
,
180
,
184
,
205
,
206
,
207
,
260 class (class struggle), dialectics (transformation), history, materialism, mode of production, social development of productive forces, technology
Social development of productive forces 53
,
54
,
55 â56 59
,
63
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
86
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
98
,
104
,
106
,
129
,
136
,
152
,
180
,
198
,
207
,
230
,
261
,
262
,
267
Agriculture 21 â22 25
,
57n11
,
58
,
60
,
60 â61n15 62
,
62n17
,
64
,
69
,
70
,
72
,
72 â73n22 73
,
73 â74n22 74
,
75
,
76
,
74 â76n25 77
,
77n28
,
77n29
,
78
,
80
,
80n32
,
81
,
80 â81n34 81n35
,
81 â82n36 82
,
82n37
,
83
,
84
,
85n41
,
86
,
87n45
,
90
,
91n51
,
96
,
97
,
106
,
107
,
110n
,
111
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
127
,
131n
,
132
,
136
,
141
,
142
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
210
,
231
69
,
70
,
73 â74n22 76n26
,
79n31
,
81n35
,
111
Large-scale agriculture (Mass agriculture) 64
,
81
,
81n35
,
81 â82n36 90
,
96
,
106
,
107
,
111
,
136
Handicrafts 55
,
56
,
58
,
58n
,
64
,
69
,
71
,
71n20
,
72
,
72 â73n22 73
,
74
,
75
,
76
,
76n26
,
77
,
78
,
82n37
,
84
,
84n40
,
85n41
,
87n45
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
111
Hunting-gathering/foraging 50n2
,
55
,
57n11
,
64
,
69
,
70
,
91
,
96
,
186
,
229
Industry 50
,
55
,
56
,
56n
,
60 â61n15 62
,
64
,
72
,
73
,
73 â74n22 75
,
76
,
74 â76n25 77
,
77 â79n29 78
,
81
,
80 â81n34 81 â82n36 82n37
,
82n38
,
83
,
84
,
84n40
,
85
,
85n41
,
88 â89n49 89
,
90
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
102
,
110
,
111
,
143
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
171
,
172
,
196n21
,
196 â197n22 198
,
210
,
248
Domestic industry (Family labor) 55
,
56
,
58
,
60
,
62
,
64
,
72
,
73
,
74
,
75
,
74 â76n25 76
,
76n26
,
77
,
78
,
81
,
81 â82n36 82n37
,
85n41
,
96
,
111
Large-scale industry (Mass industry; Modern industry) 50
,
56
,
77 â79n29 81 â82n36 83
,
84
,
85
,
84n41
,
88 â89n49 90
,
196n21
Machinery 50
,
70n20
,
84
,
84n40
,
85n41
,
86 â87n43 88 â89n49 97
,
129
,
139
,
143
,
255
Manufacture 56
,
64
,
72
,
73 â74n22 74n23
,
77
,
77 â79n29 80n32
,
82n37
,
82n38
,
84
,
84n40
,
85n41
,
86
,
90
,
91n
,
96
,
97
,
124
,
141
,
142
,
143
,
146
,
148
,
195n
,
196 â197n22 210 history, Industrial Revolution, labor, materialism, mode of production, social change, technology
Social fund (Reserve fund) 57
,
57n10
,
58
,
60
,
64
,
66
,
70
,
70 â71n19 73
,
75
,
76 â77n27 77
,
78
,
95
,
101n
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
107
,
111
,
114
,
116
,
131
,
134
,
138
,
266
,
267 labor (subsistence labor), production (natural economy; reproduction; subject of production)
Social reproduction see production (reproduction)labor (subsistence labor; surplus-labor), production (subject of production),
social fund
Socially necessary labor-time see labor (labor-time, socially necessary labor-time)labor (subsistence labor), production (subject of production), social fund
Society in general 52
,
62
,
67
,
68
,
92
,
103
,
142
,
176 â183 193
,
194
,
206
,
207
,
211
,
218
,
228 â229n8 260 class (class systems), dialectics (level of generality), mode of production, non-class systems, sociology
Sociology (Sociological) 2
,
3
,
4
,
6
,
7
,
6 â7n7 9
,
10
,
11
,
11n
,
13
,
18 â19 27
,
46
,
47
,
49n
,
51n
,
102
,
150
,
153
,
167
,
168
,
169
,
169n
,
170
,
173
,
174
,
214
,
215
,
218
,
229
,
237 â238n22 251
,
253n
,
254
,
259
,
262
,
263
,
269
,
271 â280
American Journal of Sociology 278
American Sociological Review 271
,
272 â274 278
British Journal of Sociology 278
Sociologist(s) 19
,
102
,
174
,
237 â238n22 259
,
275
,
278
,
280
Bourdieu, Pierre 253n
Durkheim, Emile 11
,
153n2
,
168
,
170
,
179
Goffman, Erving 214
Weber, Max 11
,
149
,
214
,
253n
,
279
Southern Sociological Society 279
South America 97
,
112
,
195
,
195n
,
196 Brazil, colonialism, race, slavery
Spain (Spanish) 21
,
56n
,
83
,
125
,
130
,
132
,
141
,
142
,
195 Americas, Caribbean, colonialism, Portugal, slavery
Specific 3
,
4
,
5
,
7n8
,
8
,
10
,
12
,
13
,
12 â13n2 14
,
16
,
17
,
19
,
20
,
20n6
,
21
,
22
,
22n
,
23 â24 24n
,
25
,
26
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
30
,
31
,
32
,
33
,
35
,
36
,
37
,
38
,
39
,
40
,
41
,
42
,
43
,
44
,
45
,
46
,
47
,
50
,
52
,
52n
,
53
,
54
,
57n10
,
63
,
64
,
66
,
67
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
78
,
80 â81n34 84n39
,
86
,
87n45
,
90
,
91
,
91n
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
102
,
103
,
104
,
105
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
119
,
122
,
123
,
127
,
128
,
129
,
130n11
,
132
,
134
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
138
,
141
,
142
,
144
,
145
,
146
,
147
,
148
,
150
,
151
,
152
,
153
,
154
,
155
,
156
,
157
,
158
,
159
,
160
,
161
,
162
,
163
,
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
169
,
170
,
174
,
175
,
176n
,
177
,
178
,
179
,
180
,
181
,
182
,
183
,
185
,
186
,
187
,
193
,
194
,
201n27
,
203
,
204 â205 207
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
216
,
217
,
223
,
224
,
224n
,
225
,
227
,
231
,
231n
,
233
,
233n13
,
234
,
234n15
,
235n16
,
238
,
239n24
,
240
,
241
,
254
,
255
,
257
,
258
,
260
,
262
,
263
,
264
,
264 â265n3 277 abstract (abstraction; abstractions), concrete, general, method of successive abstractions
Specific concrete see method of successive abstractions (conceptual doublets, specific concrete)abstract (abstraction; abstractions), categories, concepts, concrete, criteria, essential, precision, science (taxonomy)
Speculation (philosophical) 47
,
188n13
,
252 idealism, metaphysics, philosophy, science
Splitting see science (taxonomy, splitting)categories, concepts, criteria, essential, method of successive abstractions, precision
precision
(The) State 46
,
67
,
159 â160n14 62
,
67
,
72
,
74
,
73 â74n22 74 â76n25 75
,
76 â77n27 84n39
,
92
,
93
,
94
,
95
,
97
,
100
,
105
,
106
,
107
,
108
,
114
,
115
,
116
,
118
,
119
,
120
,
121
,
122
,
123
,
124
,
125
,
132
,
135 â136 137
,
139
,
141
,
143 â144 145
,
146
,
149
,
152
,
185
,
189
,
189n14
,
190
,
191
,
194
,
196
,
197
,
197n23
,
198
,
199 â200 200n26
,
201
,
201n
,
203
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
212
,
230
,
244
,
245
,
248
,
249
,
250
,
251
,
256
,
260
,
262
,
265
,
266
,
266n
,
267
,
268
,
269
,
272
,
275
,
276
,
277
Nation-state 124
,
141
,
143
,
196
,
197
,
197n23
,
198
,
200n26
,
201n
,
212
,
272
Welfare-state 144
,
145
,
146
,
251 class (class struggle; class systems), politics, relations (political relations)
Structural analysis 6
,
13
,
19
,
25 â26 37
,
43
,
45
,
46
,
47
,
49
,
50 â51 52
,
52n
,
54n
,
60
,
63
,
67
,
69
,
72
,
73 â74n22 76
,
90 â91 96 â98 101 â102 103 â104 106
,
106n2
,
108 â109 113
,
115 â117 121
,
122 â123 126 â130 133
,
134
,
135 â147 149
,
149 â150n 150 â152 162
,
164 â165 166 â168 180
,
181
,
183
,
184
,
188
,
193
,
195
,
196
,
205
,
207
,
209
,
228
,
229
,
247
,
251
,
252
,
257 â262 267
,
268
,
270 class (class structure; class systems), history, mode of production, religion (religious taxonomy, authority-structure, knowledge structure), science (model building)
Subject of production see production (subject of production)
Superstructure 126
,
260 alienation, history, idealism, ideology, knowledge, materialism (materialist conception of history), politics, religion, science, state
Surplus-value see production (subject of production, surplus-value)accumulation, appropriation (mode of appropriation), capital, class, exploitation, hoarding, labor (laborers; surplus-labor; wage-labor), mode of production, profit(s), slavery, value
Sweezy, Paul 7
,
7n8
Method of successive approximations 7 method of successive abstractions
Taxes see appropriation (mode of appropriation, taxes)
Technology 54
,
54n
,
55
,
56
,
56n
,
70
,
71
,
84
,
86
,
88
,
96
,
97
,
106
,
115
,
135
,
136
,
138
,
139
,
142
,
152
,
172
,
179
,
180
,
180n
,
181
,
182
,
184
,
186
,
188
,
193
,
195
,
195n
,
198
,
203
,
207
,
210
,
224
,
229
,
230
,
235n16
,
239
,
248
,
260
,
261
,
266
Computers 145
,
146
Labor-saving machinery/technology 129
,
139
,
143 labor, materialism, production (over-production), social development of productive forces
Terms of labor (Labor terms) see labor (terms of labor)
Theories of Surplus-Value 9
,
265 accumulation, appropriation, Capital, (A) Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, (The) German Ideology, Grundrisse, production (subject of production, surplus-value)
Trade 55
,
56
,
58
,
59
,
60
,
62n17
,
64
,
65
,
66
,
68
,
69
,
70
,
73
,
75
,
77 â78 77 â79n29 79
,
79n30
,
89
,
89n50
,
90
,
91
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
97
,
98
,
106
,
111
,
112
,
115
,
118
,
119
,
123
,
125
,
126
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
130n11
,
131 â133 134
,
141
,
145
,
145
,
150
,
180
,
186
,
188
,
193
,
196 â197n22 203
,
210
,
231
,
260
,
267
Free trade 141
,
145
,
210
International trade (World trade) 113n7
,
125
,
130
,
144
,
145
,
260
,
267 commodity, competition, exchange, globalization, markets, mode of production, neo-liberalism, political economy, slavery (slave trade), world-market
Transformation see dialectics (transformation(s))social change
Unforced Labor see labor (terms of labor, unforced labor)
United States / America 40
,
46
,
82n38
,
83
,
90
,
91
,
93
,
108
,
109
,
130
,
132
,
135
,
136
,
137
,
143
,
144
,
156
,
165
,
197
,
197n23
,
198
,
199 â200n25 200n26
,
201
,
201n
,
202 â203n29 214
,
222n
,
228 â229n8 244
,
247
,
247 â248n31 Americas, capital, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), North America, slavery
Use-value see production (subject of production, use-value)
Usury see appropriation (mode of appropriation, usury)capital, exploitation, money, slavery
Value (Value-form; Value relations) 22
,
33n
,
45
,
49
,
56
,
58n
,
59 â60n14 65
,
74
,
79n30
,
80n33
,
82n38
,
84n39
,
88
,
88n47
,
89
,
88 â89n49 101
,
101n
,
103
,
104
,
106
,
107
,
114
,
127
,
130
,
134
,
138
,
168
,
261
,
263
,
264
Law of value 58n
,
261 alienation, capital, commodity, exchange, labor, production (subject of production, exchange-value, surplus-value, and use-value), profit(s)
Variables see science (experiment, variables)
Violence 87
,
107
,
109
,
114
,
118
,
119 â120 121
,
124
,
129
,
131
,
149 â150n 159
,
163
,
176n
,
177
,
195n
,
200
,
200n26
,
203
,
226
,
230
,
232
,
242
,
244
,
272
,
273
Coercion 107
,
113
,
195n
,
218
,
225
,
255
,
265
,
268 labor (laborers; terms of labor, forced labor), religion (conversion, forced conversion), slavery, war
Wages (Wage-labor) see labor (wage-labor)appropriation (mode of appropriation, wage-labor), capital, exploitation, labor (laborers, wage-laborers; terms of labor, forced labor), markets, production (subject of production, surplus-value), profit(s)
War 2n2
,
107
,
119
,
121
,
123n10
,
124
,
126
,
127
,
131
,
136
,
144
,
181n
,
197n23
,
198
,
199 â200n 245
,
249
American Civil War 2n2
,
123n10
,
197n23
,
199 â200n
Vietnam War 198
World War I 144
,
197n23
World War ii 121
,
144
,
148
,
181n
,
197n23 colonialism, violence
Weber, Max see sociology (sociologists, Weber)
Welfare-state see state (nation-state, welfare-state)
Working-day see labor (working-day)appropriation, exploitation, labor (labor-time, socially necessary labor-time; laborers; subsistence labor; surplus-labor; wage-labor), production, social fund
World-market 66
,
72n29
,
79
,
79n30
,
80n32
,
84 â85 85n41
,
89
,
90
,
92
,
93
,
95
,
101
,
112n
,
113n6
,
113n7
,
127
,
129
,
130
,
137
,
143
,
144
,
145
,
149 â150n 195
,
260 colonialism, crisis, globalization, markets, mode of production (capitalist mode of production), neo-liberalism, slavery, trade
Xenophobia 202 race