General Index
Abbate di San Giorgio. See Biandrate, Francisco (n.d., Shi Tiren 施提仁), Abbate di San Giorgio
accusations
9–10, 24, 107–111, 149, 154–155, 213–214, 219–220, 425–426, 525, 558, 566, 568–569, 736, 756–757, 762–765
Acta Cantonensia Authentica
621
Acta Varia
125, 127, 186, 244, 600, 629–630
Acting Vice-Provincial. See Thomas, Antoine, SJ (1644–1709, An Duo 安多)
Ai Ruosi 艾若瑟. See Provana, Antonio, SJ (1662–1720, Ai Ruosi 艾若瑟)
Ai Siding 艾斯玎. See Barelli, Agostino, SJ (1656–1711, Ai Siding 艾斯玎)
Ai Yuhan 艾毓翰. See Astudillo [Astudilho], Juan de, OP (1670–1714, Ai Yuhan 艾毓翰)
Alcalá, Pedro de, OP (d. 1705, Xi 希), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang
214, 623
Alemán, Martín, OFM (1663–1726, Jing Mingliang 景明亮)
354, 364, 369, 539, 543, 545, 548, 781
Alexander VII, Pope
18, 307, 373, 376, 378, 444, 497, 502, 510, 521, 567
allegations
101, 175, 566–567, 570, 584, 605, 758
Amiani, Carlo, SJ (1661–1723, Jia Jialu 賈嘉祿)
303, 639
biographical note
639
Amsterdam
548, 557
An Delei 安德肋. See Candela, Andrea (n.d., An Delei 安德肋), Chancellor of the Apostolic Visitation
An Duo 安多. See Thomas, Antoine, SJ (1644–1709, An Duo 安多)
An Huaixin 安懷信. See Ferreira, Antonio, SJ (1671–1743, An Huaixin 安懷信)
ancestral rites and tablets
50, 52, 54, 60, 80, 83, 86, 162, 247–248, 306, 320, 508–509, 570, 574, 719
ancha shi 按察使 (Surveillance Commissioner)
215–216, 676
ancient Chinese
13, 605, 703
anti-Jesuit bias
324, 652, 668
anti-Jesuit propaganda
548, 592
Antioch, Patriarch of. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Anunciação, Francisco Agostinho da. See Archbishop of Goa (Francisco Agostinho da Anunciação)
Apostolic Notary. See Stumpf, Kilian, SJ (1655–1720, Ji Li’an 紀理安)
Apostolic See. See Holy See
Apostolic Visitation
297, 303–304, 528–529, 576
Appiani, Ludovico, CM (1663–1732, Bi Tianxiang 畢天祥)
12–15, 32–33, 47–48, 50–52, 54–56, 71–74, 100–101, 203–204, 241–243, 253–257, 259–260, 262, 264–265, 752–753, 770–777
arrest and interrogation of
205, 217, 222, 232, 241–242, 253, 263, 267, 335, 374
biographical note
47
Chinese name of
59
conduct in Sichuan
356
imprisonment of
5, 240–242, 254–255, 259, 265, 269, 279, 282, 512, 525, 637, 709, 772–774, 776–777
placement in Jesuit house in Beijing
777–779
transfer to Beijing
753, 769–770, 772
interactions with Chinese Christians
50–53, 55, 356
command to destroy ancestral tablets
52
and Maigrot
12, 203, 283
as Tournon’s interpreter
50, 71–73, 84, 102, 108, 190, 203, 483, 488, 708, 718
Archbishop of Goa, Primate of the [East] Indies (Francisco Agostinho da Anunciação, d. 1713)
28–29, 492–495, 562, 608–609, 659, 678–679, 686, 688, 750
annullment of Tournon’s actions
609, 780
letter from Pope Clement XI to
688–689, 746
ordering da Silva to resign office of Vicar Apostolic
610, 678
right of nomination under Portuguese padroado
93
Archbishop of Manila
746
Argolis, Bishop of. See Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大任), Bishop of Beijing
Arxó, José Ramón (Raymondo), SJ (1663–1711, Lu Ruose 陸若瑟)
228, 441, 460, 464, 484, 608, 632–634, 650, 652, 681, 693–694, 755–756
biographical note
44, 441
Ascalon, Bishop of. See Benavente, Alvaro, OESA (1646?–1709, Bai Wanle 白萬樂), Bishop of Ascalon
Astronomical Bureau (qintian jian 欽天監)
35, 513, 558, 679, 686, 766
Astudillo [Astudilho], Juan de, OP (1670–1714, Ai Yuhan 艾毓翰)
166, 177, 520, 577, 617, 674
biographical note
166
atheism
194, 197, 509
Atti Imperiali
122, 183, 186, 199, 241, 244, 247, 253, 258, 291, 407, 417, 419–421, 427, 461
Augustinians (Order—OSA / OESA)
31, 116, 441–442, 445, 639, 656, 663, 688, 744–745, 749, 752
house in Guangzhou city
651
Ba Duoming 巴多明. See Parrenin, Dominique, SJ (1665–1741, Ba Duoming 巴多明)
Ba Lianren 巴連仁. See Palencia, Francisco [San José] de, OFM (166–1718, Ba Lianren 巴連仁)
Baborier, Gabriel, SJ (1663–1727, Bu Najue 卜納爵)
22, 24, 519, 556, 577
Bai Duoma 白多瑪. See Hortiz [Ortiz], Tomás, OESA (1668–1742, Bai Duoma 白多瑪)
Bai Jin 白晉. See Bouvet, Joachim, SJ (1656–1730, Bai [Bo] Jin 白晉)
Bai Risheng 白日陞. See Basset, Jean, MEP (1662–1707, Bai Risheng 白日陞)
Bai Wanle 白萬樂. See Benavente, Alvaro, OESA (1646?–1709, Bai Wanle 白萬樂), Bishop of Ascalon
Baluère, Martin de la, MEP (1668–1715)
753, 771
biographical note
753
baptism
88, 181, 193, 226, 410, 620–624, 626, 638
Barelli, Agostino, SJ (1656–1711, Ai Siding 艾斯玎)
22, 25, 27, 32, 303, 391, 505–506, 556, 576, 595–601, 606, 636, 676–677, 762–764, 767–768
and (Ignatius) Zhang Xingyao’s pamphlet
595–598, 601–602, 605–606, 635
biographical note
505
Barros, Antonio de, SJ (1664–1708, Long Anguo 壟安國)
10–11, 35, 37, 105, 114–115, 117, 119–121, 128, 133–135, 146, 150–151, 183, 185, 218, 631–632
journey to Rome as procurator and emissary of Kangxi with Beauvollier
35, 145, 186, 408, 427, 445, 450, 454, 499–500, 612, 642, 674
biographical note
35
Basilea, Bishop of. See Luo Wenzao 羅文藻 (n.d., Gregorio Lopez), Bishop of Basilea and Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
Basset, Jean, MEP (1662–1707, Bai Risheng 白日陞)
22, 177, 260, 262, 512–513, 565, 752–753, 760, 771, 785
biographical note
177, 512
Baudino, Giuseppe, SJ (1657–1718, Bao Zhongyi 鮑仲義)
345, 528–530
biographical note
345
Bayard, Jean-Simon, SJ (1662–1725, Fan Xiyuan 樊西元)
303, 413, 417, 504–505
Beauvollier, Antoine, SJ (1657–1708, Bo Xianshi 簿賢士)
35–36, 44–45, 58, 76, 91–92, 144, 173, 180, 185, 419, 454, 500, 570, 711, 725
biographical note
35
discussing Tian 天 with Kangxi
82
journey to Rome as procurator and emissary of Kangxi with Barros. See Barros, Antonio de, SJ (1664–1708, Long Anguo 壟安國), journey to Rome as procurator and emissary of Kangxi with Beauvollier
Beijing
1–5, 9–16, 27–35, 90–98, 104–113, 132–142, 276–285, 308–319, 338–346, 423–431, 628–635, 641–648, 652–659, 661–676, 690–694
Beijing, Bishop of. See Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大任), Bishop of Beijing
Beijing Fathers (Jesuits)
20–22, 34–38, 106–107, 351–353, 374–376, 459–462, 512–513, 527–528, 565–566, 609–612, 629–632, 634–635, 637–638, 640, 649–650
Beijing observatory
136
Beijing tribunals
200, 206
Beirut, Bishop of. See Leonessa [Leonissa], Gianfranco Nicolai de, OFM (1656–1737, Yu Tianming 余天明), Bishop of Beirut and Vicar Apostolic of Huguang
Beitang 北堂 (Northern Church)
38, 67, 106, 181, 188, 277–278, 342
Bénard, Jean, MEP (1688–1711)
599, 660, 667, 733
biographical note
599
Benavente, Alvaro, OESA (1646?–1709, Bai Wanle 白萬樂), Bishop of Ascalon and Vicar Apostolic of Jiangxi
20–21, 23, 25, 27–29, 45–46, 439–446, 448–450, 458–459, 476–478, 536, 607–616, 628–631, 650–654, 741–743, 759–760
Chinese name of
611, 691
conflict with Tournon
443, 446–447, 449–450, 458, 469, 476, 478, 485, 532, 535, 588, 616, 730, 744, 754
obtaining the piao 票
443, 612, 630, 672, 690, 697, 741
support for the Jesuit position on rites
437–440
Bi Duoming 畢多明. See Britto, Domingos de, SJ (1674–1742, Bi Duoming 畢多明), Vicar Forane in Guangzhou
Bi Tianxiang 畢天祥. See Appiani, Ludovico, CM (1663–1732, Bi Tianxiang 畢天祥)
Bian Shuji 卞述濟. See Nieto Diaz de la Concepcion [Consuegra], Francisco, OFM (1662?–1733, Bian Shuji 卞述濟)
Biandrate, Francisco (n.d., Shi Tiren 施提仁), Abbate di San Giorgio
19, 415, 417–419, 422, 431, 440, 469, 471, 474, 477, 479, 500, 520, 530
and Hervé questioned and banished for opposing Chinese rites
19, 22, 123, 414, 416, 418, 420–423, 465, 483, 496, 500–501, 519, 528, 530, 593
biographical note
105
bingbu 兵部 (Military Tribunal)
180, 189, 206, 208, 232, 259, 270
Bishop of Argolis. See Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大任), Bishop of Beijing
Bishop of Ascalon. See Benavente, Alvaro, OESA (1646?–1709, Bai Wanle 白萬樂), Bishop of Ascalon
Bishop of Basilea. See Luo Wenzao 羅文藻 (n.d., Gregorio Lopez), Bishop of Basilea and Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
Bishop of Beijing. See Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大任), Bishop of Beijing
Bishop of Beirut. See Leonessa [Leonissa], Gianfranco Nicolai de, OFM (1656–1737, Yu Tianming 余天明), Bishop of Beirut and Vicar Apostolic of Huguang
Bishop of Claudiopolis. See Visdelou, Claude, SJ (1656–1737, Liu Ying 劉應), Bishop of Claudiopolis and Vicar Apostolic of Guizhou
Bishop of Conon. See Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
Bishop of Macau. See Cazal, João de (d. 1735), Bishop of Macau
Bishop of Nanjing, See Silva, Antonio da; see also Ciceri [Cicero], Alessandro, SJ (d. 1703, Luo Leishan 羅肋山), Bishop of Nanjing
Bishop of Rosalia. See Lionne, Artus de, MEP (1655–1713, Liang Hongren 梁弘仁), Bishop of Rosalia and Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan
Blanc, Philibert le, MEP (n.d.)
289, 760
Bonjour-Fabri, Guillaume, OSA (n.d.)
353
Book of Rites (Liji 禮記)
78
Borghese, Giovanni (n.d., Gao Tingyong 高廷用)
14, 84, 96, 106, 171, 207–208, 278, 313, 467–469, 527, 529–530, 592
accusation that the Jesuits poisoned Tournon
112, 291, 343
biographical note
84
as doctor
106, 172, 291, 345–346, 591
requesting permission to leave
313–314, 342, 344, 515
Bo Jin 白晉. See Bouvet, Joachim, SJ (1656–1730, Bai [Bo] Jin 白晉)
Bouvet, Joachim, SJ (1656–1730, Bai [Bo] Jin 白晉)
19, 68–69, 131–132, 189, 233–234, 277, 289–290, 399–400, 402–408, 416–417, 420–422, 428–430, 515–516, 539–540, 618–619
biographical note
41
his Journal des voyages
82, 591, 785
his treatise Tianxue benyi 天學本義
30, 45, 712–713
as Jesuit procurator and Kangxi’s emissary
2, 41, 65, 68–69, 71–75, 91, 101, 126–127, 183, 189, 233, 277, 281, 285, 299
Broccardo de Langasco, Giuseppe Francisco, OFM (1665–1712, Zhu Guoding 朱國鼎)
738
Bo Xianshi 簿賢士. See Beauvollier, Antoine, SJ (1657–1708, Bo Xianshi 簿賢士)
Breton, François le, MEP (1676–1713, Dong Mojiao 董默覺)
85, 177, 181, 254, 748
biographical note
85
Britto, Domingos de, SJ (1674–1742, Bi Duoming 畢多明), Vicar Forane in Guangzhou
665, 667, 768
biographical note
28, 665
Brollo da Gemona, Basilio, OFM (1648–1704), Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi
354, 621–622, 787
Bu Najue 卜納爵. See Baborier, Gabriel, SJ (1663–1727, Bu Najue 卜納爵)
Bu Wenqi 卜文氣. See Porquet, Louis, SJ (1671–1752, Bu Wenqi 卜文氣)
Buonaventura [Troiani] da Roma, Giovanni, OFM (1667–1742, Yang Ruohan 揚若韓)
appeal supported by the Jesuits
665, 667
biographical note
158
doubts the existence of Tournon’s papal decree
738–739
entanglement with Guéty
527–528, 530
excommunicated by Tournon
641, 670–671, 692, 695
obtaining the piao 票 in Beijing
471, 519–524, 526, 581–582, 633
overview of his relationship with Tournon
520
buzheng shi 布政使
215–216, 676, 763–764
Caballero, Francisco, OP (n.d.)
617
Caballero y Esquivel, Juan, OP (n.d.)
617
calumnies
11, 184, 188–189, 471–472, 525, 528, 530, 568–569, 589, 593, 598, 603, 605–606, 707, 757–759
Camaya, Manuel, SJ (n.d.)
504–505
Candela, Andrea (n.d., An Delei 安德肋), Chancellor of the Apostolic Visitation
109, 293, 297, 304, 308, 321, 468, 498
canon law
36, 51, 57, 91, 297, 372, 376, 457, 489–490, 493, 547, 669, 749
Cantero, Francisco, OP (d. 1712, Fang Jiguo), Superior (Provincial Vicar) of the Dominicans in China
617, 626–627, 667
biographical note
626
Canton
35–36, 69, 74, 84, 90, 92–93, 108
See also Guangdong, Guangzhou
Capacci, Pietro Francesco, SJ (1646–1715, Cheng Fangqi 成方齊)
633–634, 694
biographical note
633
Captain General of Macau
733
Capuchin Fathers
746, 750
Carvalho, Bartolomeo (n.d.)
206, 208, 279, 304, 474, 577, 748
biographical note
206
Casanate, Girolamo (1620–1700)
651
Castner, Kaspar, SJ (1655–1709, Pang Jiabin 龐嘉賓)
24, 32, 476–477, 563–565, 571, 633, 641, 733, 735, 751, 757, 759–761, 765–766, 780, 782
biographical note
679
as Jesuit procurator
129, 296, 324, 460, 641, 649, 685, 745, 757, 765
Castorano, Carlo Orazi da, OFM (1673–1755, Kang Hezhi 康和之)
27, 278, 280, 286, 300, 309, 355, 369, 371, 386, 389, 395, 398, 604–605, 640, 644, 664
biographical note
110
receiving the piao 票
110, 284, 354, 364, 392, 540
Castrocaro, Antonio Laghi da, OFM (1668–1727, Mei Shusheng 梅述聖), Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi
354, 539, 543, 545–546, 548, 580, 669–670, 769
biographical note
354
catechism
620, 623–626
catechist (xianggong 相公)
55, 57, 83, 90, 139, 144, 171–172, 188, 199, 203–204, 213, 246, 253, 255–256, 267, 270–271, 279, 585–588, 599
Catholic Church
35, 248, 295, 301, 439, 495–496, 580, 738, 786
Cazal, João de (d. 1735), Bishop of Macau
459, 486–487, 492–493, 503, 506
censures
32, 174, 323, 392, 411, 492, 526, 659, 669–670, 743, 750, 755–756, 761, 780, 782–783
Chagas [Llagas, Plagis], Bernardino de las [a], OFM (1655–1713)
364
Chancellery
487–488
Changchun yuan 暢春園
251, 265, 773
Charki (n.d., Zhang Changzhu 張常住)
199, 201, 208, 211–212, 231, 242, 360, 367, 415–419, 500, 574–575, 612–613, 628–629, 691, 776–777
biographical note
199
Charmot, Nicolas, MEP (1655?–1714)
592
Cheng Fangqi 成方齊. See Capacci, Pietro Francesco, SJ (1646–1715, Cheng Fangqi 成方齊)
Chavagnac, Emeric de, SJ (1670–1717, Sha Shouxin 沙守信)
413, 417, 504–505
Chengde 承德
117
China, laws of
3, 53, 72, 205–206, 224, 245, 250, 265, 268–269, 274, 332, 407, 420, 479, 501, 551–553, 558, 566, 569, 572
China mission
1, 16–17, 29, 302, 307, 311, 323, 329, 333, 341, 349, 351–353, 396, 432–433, 459, 463, 478, 487, 490–491, 497, 504, 580, 645–646, 649, 680, 698, 703–704
Chinese Christians
50–55, 246–248, 276–277, 280–282, 502, 508–509, 555–558, 578–580, 584–588, 590–591, 593–602, 625–627, 644–647, 675–677, 718–720
in Beijing
2, 24, 101, 232, 277, 283, 567, 572, 590
in Dongchang fu 東昌府
388
in Fujian
211, 223
in Hangzhou
27, 594–595, 635
in Shandong
578
texts of
45, 595, 786
Chinese Church
35, 43, 274, 310, 333, 335, 339, 349, 354, 454, 460, 462–463, 485, 710, 714–715, 717, 727–730
Chinese customs and rites
44, 200, 253, 291, 333, 550, 719
Chinese Empire
19, 57, 83, 193, 305, 395, 421, 501, 508, 564, 590, 689
Chinese language and books
56–57, 59–60, 86–87, 100, 160–161, 210, 266, 418–419, 452–454, 508, 564, 600–601, 620–622, 624–625, 699–703, 722–723, 726
Chinese Rites
2–4, 19–20, 30–32, 44–45, 304–305, 316–317, 347–349, 429–430, 552, 580–582, 668–669, 699–703, 713–715, 748, 750–751
Chinese scholars
145, 180, 194, 228, 395
Chinese terms
70, 87, 118, 195, 331, 338, 350, 368, 621
Christ
44–45, 88, 155–156, 281, 311, 333–334, 341–342, 349–350, 432, 578–579, 603–604, 622, 636–638, 644–645, 759
Christian community
92, 391, 599, 689
Christian Faith
204, 248, 378, 463, 535, 719, 763, 786
Christian Law
56–57, 162, 164, 166–167, 289, 348–349, 366, 387, 430, 432, 434, 454, 456–457, 507, 700–701
Christian mandarins
198, 772
Chuliama (n.d., Zhao Chang 趙昌)
58, 102–103, 114–117, 124, 126–127, 130–131, 134, 147, 198–199, 204–205, 211–212, 226–227, 240, 291–292, 776–777
biographical note
58, 114
giving advice to the Jesuits
12–13, 193, 199, 224–225, 240, 256, 258
giving advice to Tournon
102
interrogating Guéty concerning the privy
148, 150
questioning Maigrot
244, 249
churches
202–206, 223–224, 280–281, 356–358, 360–361, 369, 391, 404–407, 410, 543–546, 562–563, 576–579, 592–594, 687–688, 745–749
Ciceri [Cicero], Alessandro, SJ (d. 1703, Luo Leishan 羅肋山), Bishop of Nanjing
106, 179, 376, 472, 493
Cima, Nicolas, OSA (d. 1722, Chinese surname Jin)
96
Claudiopolis, Bishop of. See Visdelou, Claude, SJ (1656–1737, Liu Ying 劉應), Bishop of Claudiopolis and Vicar Apostolic of Guizhou
Clement XI, Pope
70–75, 85–86, 153–155, 159–162, 248–249, 293–296, 305–308, 372–380, 400–406, 495–498, 502–507, 510–511, 541–545, 683–684, 728–730
clocks and clockmakers
10, 84, 134–135, 139, 148, 153, 159, 173–174, 178–179, 231, 649, 679, 685, 766, 775
clothing
25, 36, 94, 102, 145, 163, 169, 172, 179, 207, 231, 242, 255, 369, 592
Cochinchina
235, 547
complaints
72–73, 89–91, 95, 97–98, 101–102, 132–133, 175–176, 246, 292, 294, 447, 449, 489, 503–506, 553
confessions
10–11, 13, 54–55, 150, 198, 247, 250–251, 262, 265, 389, 391, 528, 579, 585, 719–720
Confucius
78, 80, 155, 164, 247, 418–420, 456, 500–501, 508–509, 542, 557, 567, 570, 594, 727
cult of
54, 60, 265, 400, 483, 508, 574, 723
sacrifices for
86, 159, 164–165, 247, 306, 366, 451, 497, 508, 557
teaching of
56, 78, 101, 159, 253, 267, 337, 575, 723
See also Literary School (Ru xue 儒學)
Confucius Sinarum Philosophus
570
Congregation of the Holy Law (Shengjiao hui 聖教會)
368, 414
Conon, Bishop of. See Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
Contancin, Cyr, SJ (1670–1732, Gong Dangxin 龔當信)
25, 214–215, 504–505, 595, 597, 600, 763–764
biographical note
215
controversies
9, 44, 46, 48–50, 60–62, 396, 438, 440, 566, 574, 699–700, 702, 717–718, 721, 723
Cordero, Giuseppe Ignacio (n.d., Luo Ruode 羅若德)
27, 651
biographical note
651
Costa, António da, SJ (n.d.)
303, 504–505
Council of Trent
155–156, 213, 396, 488, 490–491, 616, 683
couriers
108–110, 124, 232–233, 308, 312–313, 323, 325, 346, 359, 464, 469, 642, 654, 672–674, 693
Court, the
34–39, 64–66, 68–69, 88–90, 92, 95–96, 106–108, 133–135, 138, 215–216, 228–230, 439–443, 484, 531–533, 772
courtiers
13, 40, 42, 52, 67, 76, 97, 130, 150, 157, 184, 191, 699, 702, 706
Couteulx, Etienne-Guillaume le, SJ (n.d.)
504–505
Cróquer [Croker], Tomás, OP (1657–1729, Wan Duomo 萬多默)
617
account of Easter 1700 incident involving Maigrot in Fuzhou
289
as alleged fugitive
577–578, 593, 596
Crown Prince, the (1674–1725, Yinreng 胤礽)
15, 40, 43, 82, 87, 134, 147, 190, 281, 299, 312, 345, 516–518, 568, 699
Cum Deus Optimus
44, 129, 293, 306, 377–378
customs duties
36, 91–92, 441, 596, 639, 666
D’ Entrecolles, François-Xavier, SJ (1664–1741, Yin Hongxu 殷弘緒), Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing and Superior General of the French Jesuits in China
413, 416–417, 503, 505–506, 612, 754
Danry [Dandry, de Hanri, Henri, Henry], Alexandre, MEP (1656–? Dong Xisheng 董希聖)
760
Daoist priests
273, 570
Dantas, Antão (António), SJ (1674–1721, En Quanzhong 恩全中)
303, 486
biographical note
486
De, Ignatius (1665–1700, Fucun 福存?)
436
De, Joseph (1688–1752, De Pei 德沛)
436
De Manuo 德瑪諾. See Hinderer, Romain, SJ (n.d., De Manuo 德瑪諾)
De Pei 德沛. See De, Joseph (1688–1752, De Pei 德沛)
death penalty, 19, 72, 245, 254, 420, 525, 528, 530, 552, 558
Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大人), Bishop of Beijing
206, 208, 355–356, 377–378, 391–392, 394–395, 424–425, 548–549, 551–552, 597–598, 617–619, 657–659, 760–761, 768–769, 779–781
biographical note
46
oath to Tournon
387–388
obtaining the piao 票
110, 339, 354, 373, 393, 397, 614, 767
residence in Linqing zhou 臨清州
105, 208, 343, 364, 780
Di San Giorgio. See Biandrate, Francisco (n.d., Shi Tiren 施提仁), Abbate di San Giorgio
Díaz, Antonio, OP (n.d.)
617
diploma. See piao 票
Divine Law. See Christian Law
doctor
23, 45–46, 96–97, 112, 145–148, 151, 187, 273–274, 291, 313–314, 342–346, 424–425, 468, 527–530, 712–713
See also Borghese, Giovanni (n.d., Gao Tingyong 高廷用); Chinese scholars
Domenge, Jean, SJ (1666–1735, Meng Zhengqi 孟正氣)
22, 519, 556, 577, 769
receiving the piao 票
519
Dominicans
23–24, 177, 181, 531, 536, 539, 577, 581, 617, 621–622, 626, 629, 688, 692, 748
Donatists
57, 563
Dong Mojiao 董默覺. See Breton, François le, MEP (1676–1713, Dong Mojiao 董默覺)
Dong Xisheng 董希聖. See Danry [Dandry, de Hanri, Henri, Henry], Alexandre, MEP (1656–? Dong Xisheng 董希聖)
Dongchang fu 東昌府
388–389, 545
Dongtang 東堂. See Eastern Church (Dongtang 東堂), the
Du Demei 杜德美. See Jartoux, Pierre, SJ (1669–1720, Du Demei 杜德美)
Duarte, João, SJ (1671–1752, Nie Ruowang 聶若望)
303, 413, 417, 504–505
Duoluo 多羅. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Dutch ships
128, 377
Eastern Church (Dongtang 東堂), the
136, 190–191, 207–208, 242, 342, 436, 591
East Indies
21, 305, 492–493, 678
Eldest Prince. See Prince, the [Eldest, Firstborn] (1672–1734, Yinti 胤禔)
Eleuths
141, 143
Emperor, the (Kangxi 康熙) (1654–1722, r. 1661–1722)
9–23, 27–44, 64–85, 111–137, 139–149, 185–197, 214–234, 262–284, 327–350, 368–382, 434–455, 515–526, 549–569, 699–709, 714–730
anger of
373–374, 378, 383, 408, 430, 432–434, 452, 462, 485, 517, 548, 550, 556, 663, 667, 701, 703, 705, 707
at Appiani
205, 243, 777
at Chinese Christians aligned with Tournon and Maigrot
122–123, 140, 142–144
at Guéty
147, 150–152
at Hervé and San Giorgio
500
at the Jesuits
300, 383
at Maigrot
145, 205, 350–351
at missionaries
224
at Tournon
113, 141, 330–332, 338, 349–351, 525
avoided and mitigated
222, 357, 359, 375, 405, 581
appeal to the Pope
551, 683–684
authority of
404, 683, 726, 748
Benavente, and
613, 628, 649–654
Chinese Christians, and
241, 256
clemency extended to missionaries
670–671, 675
concerns over a future European invasion
220
concerns over his second son’s behavior
71
concerns over the missionaries’ presence
88
edicts and decrees
72, 393, 395, 432–433, 439–440, 443, 453, 455, 460, 499–500, 552, 554, 580, 582, 682, 739–740
against Hervé and San Giorgio
593
against Tournon and Maigrot
60, 73
defining the meaning of Chinese rites
571
sent to the Pope
524
embassy to Rome by Bouvet and Mariani
68, 128–132, 183, 185–186, 189, 233
expulsions and exilings
of Dominicans and secular priests from Hangzhou
459
of Hervé and San Giorgio
617
of Maigrot, Mezzafalce, and Guéty
292, 490, 669
of Mariani
291–292
of missionaries is considered
268
of the Portuguese Jesuits to Guangzhou
406–411, 499
forms of address
130–131
Guéty, and
83, 256, 265
hunts with Parrenin and Paramino
271
Jesuits, and the
120, 192–193, 566, 699
Jing Tian 敬天 inscription, the
202, 320, 366, 575
legislation of
659–670
Maigrot, and
699, 701, 723
declares his followers regarding the Rites rebels
430
demands to know disagreements between Christianity and Confucius
56
exasperation with
74, 269
interrogation of
76–81
questions his knowledge of Chinese
100
sentences
256
spared severe punishment
265
Perreira, and
115–118, 133
piao 票, and the
285, 301, 418–419
requires missionaries obtain the piao 票
259, 264–265, 268, 272–273, 275, 278, 282–283, 321, 369
suspects Tournon had been poisoned
108, 111–112
Tournon, and
demands he reveal his reason for coming to China
61–62
dissatisfaction with gifts he brought
218
first encounters
36–44, 56, 65
frustration with his missing credentials
74, 127
offended by
195, 286
placed under house arrest in Macau
461
protects the Chinese Rites against
51–53
views on
Borghese’s medical competence
96–97
Chinese Rites vis-à-vis Christianity
451, 456, 538, 549–550, 552, 553, 571, 585, 638, 701, 721
Chinese Rites vis-à-vis Islam
549, 556–567
Christianity
456, 636
meaning of Tian 天
58–59, 82, 196–197, 453, 561, 724–727
Ricci’s methods
220, 499
En Quanzhong 恩全中. See Dantas, Antão (António), SJ (1674–1721, En Quanzhong 恩全中)
Encarnación, Bernardo de la, OFM (c. 1630–1718, Guo Nabi 郭納壁)
354, 364, 369, 388, 391, 396, 545, 548
questioned by the Prince
367
English ships
167, 178, 402, 597, 655, 661, 685, 760
eunuchs
42–43, 68, 83, 119, 121, 133–134, 154, 193, 219–220, 222, 225, 259, 405–407, 517–518, 776
Europe
35–36, 46–47, 86–87, 94–97, 141, 167–169, 248–250, 362–363, 414–415, 532–535, 543–544, 555, 629–631, 652, 739–741
European affairs
115, 294, 642
European astronomy
254
European calendar
36, 601
European languages
86, 103, 160–161, 183–184, 234, 249, 266, 272, 414–415, 625
European navies
220
European ships
344, 402, 589, 653
excommunications
57, 335–336, 376, 379, 382, 391, 404, 457, 507, 510, 587–588, 610, 635, 686–687, 689
See also under Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch: jurisdiction and powers
execution
17, 20, 120, 125, 372–373, 381–382, 432, 434, 440, 444, 447, 451–452, 456–457, 470, 478
expulsions and exilings
3–4, 278–279, 320–321, 327–328, 332–333, 381–382, 406–407, 409, 423, 429, 431–432, 558, 615–616, 671, 707–709
See also under Emperor, the (Kangxi 康熙) (1654–1722, r. 1661–1722)
Faglia, Antonio, SJ (d. 1706)
207, 549, 559
Fan Jige 范濟閣. See Fontanilla, Francisco [de], OSA (c. 1668–1740, Fan Jige 范濟閣)
Fan Jixun 樊繼訓. See Frapperie, Pierre, SJ (1664–1705, Fan Jixun 樊繼訓)
Fan Xiyuan 樊西元. See Bayard, Jean-Simon, SJ (1662–1725, Fan Xiyuan 樊西元)
Fang Jiguo 方濟國. See Cantero, Francisco, OP (d. 1712, Fang Jiguo), Superior (Provincial Vicar) of the Dominicans in China
Fang Zhou 方舟. See Guéty, Gaspard-François, MEP (d. 1725, Fang Zhou 方舟)
Fang Quanji 方全紀. See Franchi [Franki], Girolamo, SJ (1667–1718, Fang Quanji 方全紀)
Fei Yin 費隱. See Fridelli, Ehrenbert, SJ (1673–1743, Fei Yin 費隱)
Fernández Oliver, Miguel, OFM (1665–1726, Nan Huaide 南懷德)
24, 33, 107–109, 354, 364, 369, 539, 543, 545–548, 556, 578–579, 585–586, 588–589, 781, 783
defending Tournon’s regulation
388–390, 579–581, 584–588, 664
requesting the piao 票
542
Fernández Serrano, Juan, OFM (1665–1735, Wang Xiongshan 王雄善)
20, 449–450, 458, 476–477, 484, 534, 536, 563, 739
biographical note
449
supporting the Jesuit position
449–450, 458
Ferreira, Antonio, SJ (1671–1743, An Huaixin 安懷信)
400, 405, 469, 499, 537
biographical note
400
fireworks
41–42
Firstborn Prince. See Prince, the [Eldest, Firstborn] (1672–1734, Yinti 胤禔)
Foiorò [Foyorò, Fopao]
104, 417, 461, 640, 662, 685, 732–733, 735
biographical note
417
Fontanilla, Francisco [de], OSA (c. 1668–1740, Fan Jige 范濟閣)
442, 752, 760
Forbidden City
181, 773
France
45, 153, 167, 178, 234, 238, 483, 488, 555, 684, 786
Franchi [Franki], Girolamo, SJ (1667–1718, Fang Quanji 方全紀)
24–25, 284, 340–341, 371–372, 380–381, 383, 385–386, 388–392, 550, 556, 579–580, 584–587, 589, 604–605, 672
accused of disobeying Tournon’s regulation
664
biographical note
284
requesting the piao 票
313
taking an oath to follow Tournon’s regulation
385–386, 390
Franciscans (Order of Friars Minor, OFM)
17, 22–25, 354–355, 364, 367–368, 443–446, 449–450, 539–541, 546–548, 617–619, 633–634, 639–641, 647, 650–651, 737–738
in Shandong
370, 515, 546, 584, 607, 632, 696
Frapperie, Pierre, SJ (1664–1705, Fan Jixun 樊繼訓)
179
French Fathers (Jesuit)
35, 38, 41, 45, 96, 98, 237, 292, 294, 297, 301, 484, 486, 505–506, 532
French mission
48, 106, 179, 204, 304, 503, 597
Fridelli, Ehrenbert, SJ (1673–1743, Fei Yin 費隱)
319, 327, 340, 362
Frossolone [Frossoloni, Frosinone, etc.], Antonio Pacheco da [de], OFM (1669–1739, Lao Hongen 勞弘恩)
23, 25, 51–54, 108, 277, 280–281, 284, 354–355, 364–367, 369–371, 541, 544–546, 588–589, 634, 639–640
banishment by the Prince
546–547, 551, 582, 596, 632–634
biographical note
51
and Ignatius Zhang Xingyao’s pamphlet
597, 602–605
interactions with Chinese Christians
51, 54–55, 101, 277, 280, 388–389, 483
questioning by the Prince
541–542, 544–545
requesting the piao 票
381–382
Stumpf’s various renderings of his name
51, 277, 281, 354, 539
Fucun 福存. See De, Ignatius (1665–1700, Fucun 福存)
Fujian
13, 45, 171–173, 180–181, 202–206, 210–211, 227, 229, 232, 240–241, 243–247, 266–267, 452–453, 626–627, 672–673
catechists
290
churches
626
Fulata 傅拉塔 (1622–1676)
436
Fuzhou
35, 83, 91, 201, 237, 267, 289, 512, 626, 672
Galdan
141, 594
Ganzhou
440, 443–444, 446, 449–451, 458, 470, 481, 485, 639, 741
Gao Jiajue 高嘉爵. See Giampè, Ignazio (d. 1726, Gao Jiajue 高嘉爵)
Gao Shangde 高尚德. See Resende [Rezende], Carlos, SJ (1664–1746, Gao Shangde 高尚德)
Gao Tingyong高廷用. See Borghese, Giovanni (n.d., Gao Tingyong 高廷用)
gardens
3, 38, 42–43, 231, 251, 773, 776–777, 787
Germany
758–759
Ge Weili 戈維理. See Goville, Pierre de, SJ (1668–1758, Ge Weili 戈維理)
Gerbillon, Jean-François, SJ (1654–1707, Zhang Cheng 張誠), Superior of the French Jesuits and Rector of the Beitang
52–53, 56–58, 60, 68–69, 236–237, 256–257, 260, 271–272, 278–280, 284–287, 291–292, 340–341, 566–567
biographical note
106
illness and death of
345–347, 403, 424–425, 429, 432, 434, 480, 516, 567
succeeded by d’ Entrecolles as Superior
503
succeeded by Parrenin as Rector of the Beitang
612
Giampè, Ignazio (d. 1726, Gao Jiajue 高嘉爵)
478, 602, 651
gifts
10, 13, 40–41, 68–71, 73–75, 124, 126–132, 183, 188–189, 233, 235–236, 290, 299–300, 568–569, 733
Gollet, Jean-Alexis, SJ (1644–1741, Guo Zhongchuan 郭中傳)
25, 504–505, 597–600, 638, 762, 764
biographical note
597
Gong Dangxin 龔當信. See Contancin, Cyr, SJ (1670–1732, Gong Dangxin 龔當信)
Gonzaga, Luigi, SJ (n.d., Kong Lushi 孔祿食)
649, 765
gospel
22, 28, 289, 379, 496, 499, 503, 537–538, 561–562, 645, 648, 673, 675–676, 724, 729
Governor
37, 93, 104, 173, 185, 262, 279, 369, 419, 436, 552–553, 594–595, 692–693, 762–763, 765
of Guangdong
25, 37, 90, 185, 286, 357, 442, 612–613, 628, 732, 753, 765
of Sichuan
262, 356, 369, 777
Goville, Pierre de, SJ (1668–1758, Ge Weili 戈維理)
413, 417, 504–505, 667, 670, 692, 744, 753–754
Gozani, Giampaolo [Giovanni Paulo], SJ (1659–1732, Lu Baoluo 魯保洛)
179, 202, 284, 289, 303
biographical note
179
requesting the piao 票
284, 475
as Stumpf’s copyist
277, 307, 467, 570
as Visitor
608, 678, 755, 757, 759
Grand Canal
105, 110, 200, 232, 242, 279, 439, 780
Greeks
568, 724
Grelon, Adrien, SJ (1618–1696, Nie Zhongqian 聶仲遷)
227, 237
Grimaldi, Claudio Filippo, SJ (1638–1712, Min Mingwo 閔明我)
34–37, 66–67, 90–93, 200, 299, 301, 362, 434, 460–461, 488, 606, 630, 634–636, 679, 685–686
biographical note
35, 200
illness of
66, 95
mission to Russia on behalf of Kangxi
686
removal as Visitor by Tournon
3, 114, 296, 441, 462, 464, 608, 755
residence in Beijing
67
Gu, Thomas [Duomei] (n.d.)
12, 122, 188, 190, 199, 203, 213, 227, 315
biographical note
122
imprisoned
198–199
sentenced
256, 279
Guangdong
32, 35, 37–38, 283, 413, 421, 552–553, 612–614, 628, 732, 744, 746, 752–753, 765, 767
Guangwuer zhuang
389–391
Guangzhou
21–25, 408–411, 440–441, 465–467, 477–481, 483–486, 531–536, 596–600, 607–613, 628–629, 639–642, 648–651, 660–662, 665–667, 740–743
missionaries in
27–29, 283, 441, 536, 547, 639, 663, 666, 670–671, 690–691
Guéty, Gaspard-François, MEP (d. 1725, Fang Zhou 方舟)
10–12, 14, 83–85, 107–108, 146–155, 157–159, 164–166, 171, 180–186, 193–195, 210–214, 217–219, 222–224, 231–232, 467–468
background
178–180
biographical note
57
condemned by Maigrot
194
cross-examined
161–164, 167–169, 171, 174–177, 184
cross-examined again
211–213, 217–219
gives written testimony on Tournon’s affairs
85–87
incident at the privy
146–148, 150–152, 288
incident with Zhang Qilin
121
and Maigrot
14, 134, 139–140, 176, 262, 265, 321, 575
medicinal use
230
on the name of the Society of Jesus
153, 290
punished
184
questioned by Kangxi
83
sentenced to exile
256, 279, 321, 335, 456, 669
slandering the Jesuits
157–161
in Tartary / Manchuria
102, 134–135, 137–138, 140, 143, 145
Guo Duolu 郭多祿. See Muñoz, Pedro, OP (1659–1729, Guo Duolu 郭多祿)
Guo Nabi 郭納壁. See Encarnación, Bernardo de la, OFM (c. 1630–1718, Guo Nabi 郭納壁)
Guo Zhongchuan 郭中傳. See Gollet, Jean-Alexis, SJ (1644–1741, Guo Zhongchuan 郭中傳)
hall, ancestral
60, 83
Han Tan 翰菼
45
biographical note
712
Han Xinyu 韓新愈. See Luxán [Luján], Francisco, OP (1648–1710, Han Xinyu 韓新愈)
He Cangbi 赫蒼碧. See Hervieu, Julien-Placide [Jean-Placide], SJ (1671–1746, He Cangbi 赫蒼碧)
He Duomin 何多敏. See Paramino, Br. Domenico (Giandomenico), SJ (1661–1713, He Duomin 何多敏)
He Nadu 何納篤. See Mezzafalce, Giovanni Donato (1661–1720, He Nadu 何納篤), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang
heaven
45–46, 56, 59–60, 79–82, 164–165, 167, 169, 172, 375, 378, 384, 387, 418–419, 453, 456
See also tian 天
Henkama [Hescken] (n.d., Heshiheng 赫世亨, aka Wang Laoye)
50–51, 56, 67, 113–115, 126–127, 135–136, 170, 183, 185–186, 198–199, 208–209, 211–212, 266–267, 427–428, 571
biographical note
67
questioning Maigrot
250
Hervé, Pierre, MEP (d. 1710, He Xuan 赫宣)
19, 22, 260, 270, 414, 416, 418–420, 423, 474, 477, 483, 496, 501, 519–520, 530
biographical note
177
questioned and banished for opposing Chinese rites
418, 421–423, 431, 465, 469, 471, 479, 500, 528, 554, 593, 617, 644, 748, 752
Hervieu, Julien-Placide [Jean-Placide], SJ (1671–1746, He Cangbi 赫蒼碧)
413, 417, 504–505
Heshiheng 赫世亨. See Henkama [Hescken] (n.d., Heshiheng 赫世亨, aka Wang Laoye)
He Xuan 赫宣. See Hervé, Pierre, MEP (d. 1710, He Xuan 赫宣)
Hinderer, Romain, SJ (n.d., De Manuo 德瑪諾)
649, 757, 765
biographical note
765
Holland
128, 758–759
Holy Pontiff. See Clement XI, Pope
Holy Law
46–47, 86–88, 155, 160–161, 166, 168, 172, 368–369, 393–397, 436–437, 593–594, 628, 635, 648–649, 675
the Society of the
368
Holy Pontiff. See Clement XI, Pope
Holy Scriptures
118, 169, 212, 218
Holy See
33–34, 93, 303, 305, 307, 310, 320, 334–335, 382, 385–387, 395, 444–446, 448–449, 451–454, 456–457, 473–474, 478, 491–493, 495–497, 507, 509–511, 532–535, 537–539, 559–560, 585–586, 634–636, 688, 696, 698–700, 702–706
Holy Spirit
412, 621, 624, 638, 646, 654
Hortiz [Ortiz], Tomás, OESA (1668–1742, Bai Duoma 白多瑪)
31–32, 656, 667, 744–745, 748–749, 751, 768
biographical note
656
views on Tournon
745, 748
Hua Xianing 華夏寧. See Santa Rosa, Diego de, OFM (1659–1740, Hua Xianing 華夏寧)
Huaian 淮安
17, 232, 240, 242, 254, 260, 263, 269, 327–328, 356–360, 637
Huang, Joseph [John] (n.d., Huang Ruose 黃若瑟?)
280–281
Huang Ruose 黃若瑟. See Huang, Joseph [John] (n.d., Huang Ruose 黃若瑟?)
Hubei
752
Huguang
105, 417, 623, 752, 760
idolatry
59, 79, 116, 436–437, 490, 508–510
idols
331, 436, 456, 540–541, 593
Iliceto, Giambattista Bonassisa, OFM (n.d., Yang Guozhen 揚國珍)
547
imperial household
2, 5, 58, 71, 81, 115, 287
imperial decrees
16, 88, 115, 183, 196, 206, 292, 299, 361, 454–55, 585, 595, 647, 676, 681
See also Emperor, the (Kangxi 康熙) (1654–1722, r. 1661–1722): decrees and edicts
imperial family
2, 70, 275, 436, 721
imperial permit. See piao 票
India
45, 111–112, 173, 178, 228, 493, 608–609, 672, 678, 685, 759, 780
indulgence
68, 140, 307, 317, 386, 498, 510, 607
Innocent XII, Pope
296, 396, 668
interpreters
2–3, 50–51, 71, 77, 101–102, 158, 234–235, 266, 287–288, 524–525, 527, 559, 657–658, 718, 727–728
Italy
177, 248, 313, 539, 646, 758–759
Jacquemin, Claude, SJ (n.d.)
504–505
Japan
27, 120, 192, 221, 255, 350, 362, 420, 464–465, 535, 545, 649, 659, 665, 755
Japanese Province (Jesuit)
32, 353, 751
Jartoux, Pierre, SJ (1669–1720, Du Demei 杜德美)
185–186, 354, 356, 399–400, 402–405, 409, 413–416, 422–423, 428, 511, 515, 540, 542–544, 618–619, 775
biographical note
185
explains the name of the Society of Jesus
415
questioned by the Prince
541, 543
views on the piao 票
412–13
Jehol (Rehe 热河)
114, 116–117, 134, 212, 345
Jesuit College
128, 413
Jesuit constitutions
312, 460, 493, 503
Jesuit General
1, 34, 36, 84, 202, 273, 280, 289, 436, 608, 613, 755, 769
Jesuit houses
98, 203, 775
Jesuit mission
450, 549, 737, 787
Jesuit position
45, 235, 347, 449, 621
Jesuits
15–17, 19–23, 27–33, 95–98, 172–177, 182–188, 190–196, 237–239, 299–303, 421–429, 465–469, 527–531, 547–550, 566–571, 767–768
Jesus
85–87, 153, 156, 159–163, 166–170, 172–173, 290, 302–303, 367–368, 394–395, 415, 495–498, 563–565, 599–600, 602–603
Ji Li’an 紀理安. See Stumpf, Kilian, SJ (1655–1720, Ji Li’an 紀理安)
ji 祭 or jisi 祭 祀 (sacrifices)
60, 86, 159, 162, 164, 247, 306, 320, 378, 470, 497, 507–508, 542
Jia Jialu 賈嘉祿. See Amiani, Carlo, SJ (1661–1723, Jia Jialu 賈嘉祿)
Jiang Weibiao 江為標 (n.d., Francis Xavier Jiang)
87, 161, 180, 227, 232–233, 240, 244, 247
as Chinese teacher to Maigrot
87, 161, 247
educational background
180
excusing Maigrot’s conduct
246
Jiang Weibiao 江為標. See Jiang, Francis Xavier (n.d., Jiang Weibiao 江為標)
Jiangsu
232, 294, 358
Jiangxi
437, 439–440, 449–450, 458, 464, 469, 486, 491, 519–520, 527, 611, 613, 639, 647, 665
Ji’nan fu 濟南府 (Shandong Province)
33, 107, 313, 390, 579, 783
Jin Xiu [John] (n.d.)
108, 139, 171–172, 199, 203, 213, 227, 253–254, 260, 267, 279
exiled
270
interrogated
199
note on name
57
punishment of
256, 260
regarded as unworthy of punishment
140, 143, 146, 196, 199
threatened with death by the Emperor
122
Jing Mingliang 景明亮. See Alemán, Martín, OFM (1663–1726, Jing Mingliang 景明亮)
Jing Tian 敬天 inscription
79, 83, 202, 222–23, 227, 245, 250, 320, 325, 332, 389–91, 574–75, 585, 587, 631–32
juren 舉人
180, 232–33
Kang Hezhi 康和之. See Castorano, Carlo Orazi da, OFM (1673–1755, Kang Hezhi 康和之)
Kangxi emperor, the. See Emperor, the (Kangxi 康熙) (1654–1722, r. 1661–1722)
Karahoton
3, 117–118, 120, 124, 212, 468
Kempis, Thomas à (1380–1471)
255
Ke Ruose 柯若瑟. See Osca, José, OFM (1686–1735, Ke Ruose 柯若瑟)
Kong Lushi 孔祿食. See Gonzaga, Luigi, SJ (n.d., Kong Lushi 孔祿食)
Labbé, Charles Marin de, MEP (n.d.)
235
Latin
114, 116–118, 125–127, 149–150, 152, 158, 186, 193, 237–238, 244–245, 427, 489, 504, 600, 620–623
Laureati, Giovanni, SJ (n.d.)
303, 504–505, 597, 601
Lao Hongen 勞弘恩. See Frossolone [Frossoloni, Frosinone, etc.], Antonio Pacheco da [de], OFM (1669–1739, Lao Hongen 勞弘恩)
Legate, the. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
legate, imperial
72, 238, 460, 556
legation
1, 4, 10, 34, 65, 68–69, 74, 88, 106, 108, 126, 199, 299, 374, 463
Lei Xiaosi 雷孝思. See Régis, Jean-Baptiste, SJ (1663–1738, Lei Xiaosi 雷孝思)
Leonessa [Leonissa], Gianfranco Nicolai de, OFM (1656–1737, Yu Tianming 余天明), Bishop of Beirut and Vicar Apostolic of Huguang
59, 693, 766–767, 780
biographical note
623
lèse majesté
214, 332, 671
Li Guoping 李國屏 (n.d.)
642
Li Guozheng 李國正. See Ozorio [Osório], Manoel, SJ (1663–1710, Li Guozheng 李國正)
Li Madou 利瑪竇. See Ricci, Matteo, SJ (1552–1610, Li Madou 利瑪竇)
Li Suoliang 李所良 [Li Liangjue 李良爵, Li Anrui 李安瑞, Li Yifen 李奕芬] (n.d., Leantius Li)
87, 161, 227, 232, 240, 245, 271
biographical note
271
as Chinese teacher of Maigrot
87, 247
Li Yu 李玉
133–134, 405, 517–518
biographical note
123
Liang Hongren 梁弘仁. See Lionne, Artus de, MEP (1655–1713, Liang Hongren 梁弘仁), Bishop of Rosalia and Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan libu 禮部 (Ministry of Rites)
53, 558, 762
Liebstain, Leopold, SJ (1667–1714, Shi Kesheng 石可聖)
563, 565, 649, 662, 670, 733, 760–761, 766
biographical note
679
Liji 禮記 (Book of Rites)
78
Lin Anduo 林安多, Lin Anlian 林安廉. See Silva, Antonio da, SJ (1624–1705, Lin Anlian 林安廉 or Lin Anduo 林安多)
Lin Yangmo 林養默. See Tarin, Jaime, OFM (1644–1719, Lin Yangmo 林養默)
Lin Yucang 林雨蒼. See Stadlin, Franz, SJ (1658–1740, Lin Yucang 林雨蒼)
Linqing zhou 臨清州
105, 208, 280–81, 354–56, 364, 369–71, 381, 383–85, 388, 396–98, 425, 539–41, 545–48, 551, 617–18
Lionne, Artus de, MEP (1655–1713, Liang Hongren 梁弘仁), Bishop of Rosalia and Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan
59, 122, 177–179, 238–239, 246, 248, 472, 512, 550, 560, 718
biographical note
59
Lirot, Jacques, MEP (1664–1723, Xu Fasheng 徐法聖)
178–179, 565, 692, 760
Literary School (Ru xue 儒學)
46, 50, 712–13
See also Confucius
Liu Ying 劉應. See Visdelou, Claude, SJ (1656–1737, Liu Ying 劉應)
Long Anguo 壟安國. See Barros, Antonio de, SJ (1664–1708, Long Anguo 壟安國)
longpiao 龍票. See piao 票
Lopez, Gregorio. See Luo Wenzao 羅文藻 (n.d., Gregorio Lopez), Bishop of Basilea and Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
Lord Patriarch. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Lu Baoluo 魯保洛. See Gozani, Giampaolo [Giovanni Paulo], SJ (1659–1732, Lu Baoluo 魯保洛)
Lu [Lou], John (n.d.)
55, 201, 293, 720
Lu Ruose 陸若瑟. See Arxó, José Ramón (Raymondo), SJ (1663–1711, Lu Ruose 陸若瑟 )
Lü Buwei 呂不韋 (290–235 BCE)
78
Luo Dexian 羅德先. See Rodes [Rhodes], Bernard, SJ (1646–1715, Luo Dexian 羅德先)
Luo Ge’en 羅鉻恩. See Roca, Miguel, OFM (n.d., Luo Ge’en 羅鉻恩)
Luo Leishan 羅肋山. See Ciceri [Cicero], Alessandro, SJ (d. 1703, Luo Leishan 羅肋山), Bishop of Nanjing
Luo Ruode 羅若德. See Cordero, Giuseppe Ignacio (n.d., Luo Ruode 羅若德)
Luo Wenzao 羅文藻 (n.d., Gregorio Lopez), Bishop of Basilea and Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
271, 623
Luxán [Luján], Francisco, OP (1648–1710, Han Xinyu 韓新愈)
227, 304, 474
biographical note
227
Ma Ruose 馬若瑟. See Prémare, Joseph de, SJ (1666–1736, Ma Ruose 馬若瑟)
Ma Xinuo 馬喜諾. See Ventallol, Magino, OP (1647–1732, Ma Xinuo 馬喜諾)
Macau
4–5, 20–23, 353, 433, 459–461, 486–488, 490–493, 502–506, 523–525, 608–610, 639–641, 659–662, 685–688, 732–733, 754–758
Macau, Bishop of. See Cazal, João de (d. 1735), Bishop of Macau
Madras
686, 688
Madrid
78, 105, 289, 486, 488, 537, 785
Magalhães, António de, SJ (n.d.)
303, 504–505
Magalhães, Domingo[s] de, SJ (n.d.)
303, 504–505
magistrates (zhi xian 知縣, zhi zhou 知州, etc)
37, 175, 216, 457, 626, 763, 765
Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
10–14, 56–60, 79–88, 107–111, 131–140, 156–161, 193–208, 210–211, 221–224, 242–249, 264–271, 288–290, 452–454, 699–703, 720–730
attacked by Chinese Christians
202, 205, 211, 247
in Fujian
289
Augustinian sympathies
57
biographical note
45
Chinese teachers of
87, 149, 161, 271
See also Li Suoliang 李所良 [Li Liangjue 李良爵, Li Anrui 李安瑞, Li Yifen 李奕芬] (n.d., Leantius Li); Jiang Weibiao 江為標 (n.d., Francis Xavier Jiang)
Emperor, and the
3, 56, 74, 83, 191, 699–700, 724
exiled
322, 335, 374, 435, 701
Guéty, and
122, 134–135, 139, 148, 150, 152, 174, 176, 181, 185, 191, 193–194, 217
Jing Tian inscription, and
202, 708
Prince, and the
243–247, 251
proficiency in the Chinese language and culture
60, 76–81, 100, 164, 195, 223, 246, 266–267, 290, 350, 550, 703, 716, 722–723, 726–727
resigns as Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
229
sends allegedly problematic Chinese classics to Rome
86
views of the Chinese Rites and Confucius
3, 271, 253, 321, 454, 700, 723
Maij [May], Jean-Baptiste de (n.d.)
28, 31, 672–673, 739–740
biographical note
672
burning ancestral tablets
739–740
Mailla, Joseph (Marie Anne) de, SJ (1669–1748, Feng Bingzheng 馮秉正)
413, 416–417, 504–505
Maillard de Tournon, Charles Thomas. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Manchu language
50, 59, 62, 72, 78, 81, 106, 197, 367–368, 371, 426–427, 571, 613, 628–630, 643
Manchuria
3, 11, 36, 41, 183, 187, 190–192, 272, 274, 344
mandarins
41–43, 47–48, 61–62, 64–66, 68–74, 102–104, 203–206, 212–217, 247–251, 262–264, 282–286, 676–677, 723–725, 746–747, 762–764
Manila
53, 73, 75, 128, 206, 304, 321, 364, 377, 474, 586, 651–652, 740, 746, 749
Manila, Archbishop of
746
Marchini [Marquini], Domenico (n.d.)
60, 345, 440, 528
biographical note
345
Mariani, Sabino (1665–1721, Sha Guoan 沙國安)
13–15, 47–48, 68–69, 72–73, 126–127, 233–236, 262–263, 277, 280–281, 285, 287–288, 291–292, 299–300, 302, 574–576
biographical note
47
as emissary of Tournon to Rome
41, 68–71, 91, 189, 233
arguments with Bouvet
170
denied imperial credentials
68, 72
recalled
73–75, 127, 183, 235, 277, 280
exiled
15, 291, 299–300, 302
questioned by the Prince
288, 291, 574
questioned by Zhao Chang
574–575
Stumpf’s characterization of
576
Martinot, Balthazar (1613–1714)
178, 231
biographical note
178
Mass
146, 180, 254, 276, 280, 282, 358, 390–391, 540, 585, 778
Mathematical Tribunal. See Astronomical Bureau (qintian jian 欽天監)
35, 513, 558, 679, 686, 766
mathematics and mathematicians
2, 106, 185, 189, 238, 368, 649, 679, 685, 765
Matta, Manoel da, SJ (1667–1724, Qu Liangshi 瞿良士)
303, 400, 405, 469–470, 499, 537
Mei Shusheng 梅述聖. See Castrocaro, Antonio Laghi da, OFM (1668–1727, Mei Shusheng 梅述聖), Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi
Mellon, Guillaume, SJ (n.d.)
504–505
Mendes, Manoel, SJ (n.d.)
303, 391, 504–506
Meng Ni 孟尼. See Montigny, François, MEP (d. 1742, Meng Ni 孟尼)
Meng Zhengqi 孟正氣. See Domenge, Jean, SJ (1666–1735, Meng Zhengqi 孟正氣)
Mezzafalce, Giovanni Donato (1661–1720, He Nadu 何納篤), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang
biographical note
87
catechism of
620–625
expelled from China
166, 279, 321
interrogated by the Prince
209–211
summoned to Beijing
181–182, 191, 194, 206–208
writes a letter to Borghese seeking clothes
231
Military Tribunal (bingbu 兵部)
180, 189, 206, 208, 232, 259, 270
Min Mingwo 閔明我. See Grimaldi, Claudio Filippo, SJ (1638–1712, Min Mingwo 閔明我); Navarrete, Domingo Fernández, OP (c. 1610–1689, Min Mingwo 閔明我)
Ministry of Justice (xingbu 刑部)
770, 773
Ministry of Rites (libu 禮部)
53, 558, 762
mission
219–222, 307–310, 320–321, 333–339, 381–385, 410–413, 429–434, 462–466, 478–481, 663–667, 679–684, 695–699, 703–707, 728–730, 744–746
missionaries
10–16, 27–30, 220–224, 226–229, 257–260, 319–325, 371–373, 408–415, 453–457, 490–491, 534–538, 578–583, 669–672, 691–694, 739–746
Missions Étrangères de Paris (MEP) (Paris Foreign Missions Society)
57, 59, 85–87, 160, 177–179, 219, 231, 234–235, 238, 248, 301, 512, 592, 599, 760
money
159, 164–165, 171–173, 179, 260, 263, 265, 269–270, 286, 300, 302, 356, 358, 601, 771–772
Monteiro, José, SJ (1646–1720), Vice-Provincial
20–21, 316–319, 321, 328–329, 465, 469–470, 472–473, 475–477, 479–480, 608–611, 650, 681–682, 695, 697, 751
asks for Tournon’s papal decree
295, 306, 308, 498
obeys Tournon and takes down Jing Tian inscription and ancestral tablets
361
rejects the piao 票
405
suspected of obeying Tournon in bad faith
472–473, 767
Montigny, François, MEP (d. 1742, Meng Ni 孟尼)
301, 304, 321, 471, 474, 496, 556, 577, 748
biographical note
301
Moscow
75, 128, 130, 377
Most Christian King (King of France)
238–239, 555
Most Illustrious Lordship. See Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
Most Serene Majesty (King of Portugal)
487, 525, 559
Motte, Jean-Baptiste de la, MEP (n.d.)
234–235
biographical note
234
Mu Tailai 穆泰來. See Simões, José, SJ (1676–1751, Mu Tailai 穆泰來)
Muñoz, Pedro, OP (1659–1729, Guo Duolu 郭多祿)
617, 621–622, 625, 660–661, 667, 697, 741
biographical note
621
rejects Mezzafalce’s catechism
622
musicians
649, 679, 685, 766
Muslims
204, 549, 556–558
Nan Huaide 南懷德. See Fernández Oliver, Miguel, OFM (1665–1726, Nan Huaide 南懷德)
Nan’an 南安
245, 267, 439, 442–446, 448, 458, 476–477, 484–486, 531, 536, 563, 565–566, 611, 739
Nanchang 南昌
439–440, 442, 444, 448–449, 484–485, 526, 532
Nanjing
105–106, 294–295, 301–304, 308–310, 323–325, 327–328, 376–377, 409, 412–413, 422–423, 446–449, 480–481, 493, 505–507, 527–528
diocese of
303, 495, 498, 503, 678–679
Nanxiong 南雄
441–442, 476, 752, 760
Navarrete, Domingo Fernández, OP (c. 1610–1689, Min Mingwo 閔明我)
23, 33, 531, 537–538, 775
Nianzhou (in Zhejiang)
122, 179, 304
Nie Ruohan 聶若翰. See Noëlas, Jean-François, SJ (1669–1740, Nie Ruohan 聶若翰)
Nie Ruowang 聶若望. See Duarte, João, SJ (1671–1752, Nie Ruowang 聶若望)
Nie Zhongqian 聶仲遷. See Grelon, Adrien, SJ (1618–1696, Nie Zhongqian 聶仲遷)
Nieto Diaz de la Concepcion [Consuegra], Francisco, OFM (1662?–1733, Bian Shuji 卞述濟)
166, 181, 354
Ningbo
597, 599–600, 733, 762–764
Noël, Alexandre, OP (1639–1724)
296, 767
Noël, François, SJ (n.d.)
271
mission to Rome with Castner
129, 324, 460, 649, 685
Noëlas, Jean-François, SJ (1669–1740, Nie Ruohan 聶若翰)
413, 417, 504–505
Noris, Enrico, OESA (1631–1704)
651
Northern Church (Beitang 北堂)
38, 67, 106, 181, 188, 277–278, 342
Notary Apostolic
586, 589, 591, 599–604, 606, 608–610, 613, 619–620, 752, 756–757, 771, 774, 781, 783
Núñez [de Cepeda], Juan, OESA (n.d., Hua 華)
442, 738
oath
18, 55, 101, 238–239, 328–331, 334–336, 352–353, 373–376, 378–382, 384–388, 601–602, 618–619, 713–714, 719–720, 768
officials
3, 5, 33, 116, 167, 184, 198, 201, 259–260, 286–287, 358, 570, 577, 660, 663
ordinaries
305, 307, 372, 429, 496–497, 562, 746
Ortiz, Tomás, OESA. See Hortiz [Ortiz], Tomás, OESA (1668–1742, Bai Duoma 白多瑪)
Osca, José, OFM (1686–1735, Ke Ruose 柯若瑟)
547
Ottoboni, Pietro (1667–1740)
651
Ozorio [Osório], Manoel, SJ (1663–1710, Li Guozheng 李國正)
353
padroado
5, 93, 106, 487–488, 492–493, 503, 609–610, 781
palace
38–39, 66–67, 209, 221–225, 255–256, 262–263, 284–285, 287–288, 346, 359–360, 362, 415–418, 424, 426–427, 672–674
Palencia, Francisco [San José] de, OFM (166–1718, Ba Lianren 巴連仁)
354, 762, 781
Pallu, François, MEP (1626–1684)
239
Palm Sunday
390, 579, 581
Pang Jiabin 龐嘉賓. See Castner, Kaspar, SJ (1655–1709, Pang Jiabin 龐嘉賓)
Pang Kexiu 龐克修. See Testard, Jean de, SJ (1663–1718, Pang Kexiu 龐克修)
Paramino, Br. Domenico (Giandomenico), SJ (1661–1713, He Duomin 何多敏)
105, 121, 157–158, 174, 193, 212, 218, 271, 314, 327, 356, 368, 420, 515, 577
biographical note
105
Paris
85–86, 178–180, 219, 228, 231, 238–239, 248, 438, 446, 477, 486, 512, 592, 599, 785
Parrenin, Dominique, SJ (1665–1741, Ba Duoming 巴多明)
76–78, 130–131, 146–151, 190–191, 193–194, 203–205, 208–209, 211–214, 242–243, 354–356, 358–359, 368–369, 371, 400, 628–629
biographical note
78
interprets for Maigrot
80
interprets for Maigrot before the Emperor
77–78, 80–81, 83
Manchu proficiency
367–368, 613
succeeds Gerbillon as superior of the Beitang
612
translates the letter seized from Guéty in the privy
151
Patriarch of Antioch. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Pedro II, King
781
See also Most Serene Majesty (King of Portugal)
Pereira, Tomás, SJ (1635–1708, Xu Risheng 徐日昇)
52, 64, 105, 113–120, 130–131, 133, 143–144, 147–154, 191–193, 211–212, 218–220, 319, 329–331, 527, 566–568
accused by Guéty of slandering Tournon
212, 218–219
illness of
95, 114, 209, 231, 518
intercedes for Guéty
121
intercedes for Maigrot
133
permit. See piao 票
petitions
52–57, 97–98, 128–130, 144, 232–233, 291–293, 300–301, 342–343, 364–365, 526–527, 571–572, 612–616, 628, 719, 764–765
pharmacist
179, 345, 440, 649, 765
Philippines
32, 96, 206, 549, 559, 656, 672–673, 740, 746, 748, 752
piao 票
20–23, 28–31, 264, 282–85, 318–20, 443–45, 519–21, 539–46, 617–18, 639–41, 665–67, 669–72, 690–92, 694–97, 761–63
Pin, Jean, MEP (1643–1692), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang and Jiangxi
592
Pinto, Francisco, SJ (n.d.), Provincial of Japan
27, 188, 464, 608, 659
poison
9, 111–112, 425, 433, 528–530, 591, 634, 694
Pontiff. See Clement XI, Pope
pontifical decree
318, 322, 332, 353, 380, 402, 474, 490, 547, 562, 655, 661, 695, 713–714, 750
Pope. See Clement XI, Pope; see also Alexander VII, Pope; Innocent XII, Pope
Porquet, Louis, SJ (1671–1752, Bu Wenqi 卜文氣)
27, 32, 484, 635, 638–639, 641, 649, 665–666, 692, 742, 756
biographical note
484
reports on affairs in Shandong
639–641
targeted by the Judge Deputy
756
Portugal and the Portugese
4–5, 71–72, 123, 145, 153, 472, 475, 483, 487–488, 491–493, 524–526, 665, 674, 781, 787
Portuguese Jesuits
3, 19, 30, 35, 228, 231, 237, 263, 273, 404, 406, 413, 475, 665, 673
as reference to non-French Jesuits
312
Portuguese language
114, 117, 123, 127, 149–150, 153, 301, 303–304, 318–319, 323, 325, 327–328, 477, 479, 756
Portuguese monarchy
491
Portuguese padroado. See padroado
Portuguese route
128–129, 377
Posateri, Antonio, SJ (1640–1705, Zhang Jingzhai 張靜齋)
769
prayers
140, 144, 162–163, 224, 228, 230, 352, 384, 386, 424, 426, 434, 560, 737–738, 770–771
Prémare, Joseph de, SJ (1666–1736, Ma Ruose 馬若瑟)
413, 415–417, 504–505
President of the College of Doctors (Hanlin Academy 翰林院) (zhangyuan xueshi 掌院學士)
45–46, 184, 199, 203, 206, 209, 212, 712–713
Primate of East India. See Archbishop of Goa, Primate of the [East] Indies (Francisco Agostinho da Anunciação, d. 1713)
Primate of India. See Archbishop of Goa, Primate of the [East] Indies (Francisco Agostinho da Anunciação, d. 1713)
Primate of the [East] Indies. See Archbishop of Goa, Primate of the [East] Indies (Francisco Agostinho da Anunciação, d. 1713)
Prince, the [Eldest, Firstborn] (1672–1734, Yinti 胤禔)
17–19, 147–150, 188–192, 201–209, 211–214, 224–229, 284–289, 367–369, 400–409, 415–419, 516–519, 540–545, 639–643, 735–737, 772–779
biographical note
115
gifts received by
566, 568
hostility towards the missionaries and Christianity
72, 131, 142, 148, 177, 184, 204, 217, 222, 225, 229, 244, 257, 361, 365
illness of
674, 685, 693
interrogations
of Chinese Christians
199, 203–204
of Franciscans
355, 365–368, 370, 393, 541–545
of Guéty
157–158
of Jesuits
400–408, 416
of Maigrot
243–245
of Mariani
288, 291
of Mezzafalce
209–211
and the piao 票
264, 285, 287, 415–16
spies and informants of
88, 144, 204, 585, 664
suspicion of European intentions
119, 192, 257
titles and duties of
126, 294, 419
printing
597, 599, 601–603, 605–606, 624–626, 675, 713
prisons and prisoners
12–13, 33, 91, 141, 191, 198, 227, 241–243, 260, 343, 348, 479, 681, 770–773, 777
procurators
35, 44–45, 48–49, 100–102, 129, 460, 520–524, 597–599, 603–604, 608–609, 631, 655–656, 711, 716–717, 751
See also Barros, Antonio de, SJ (1664–1708, Long Anguo 壟安國); Beauvollier, Antoine, SJ (1657–1708, Bo Xianshi 簿賢士); Bouvet, Joachim, SJ (1656–1730, Bai [Bo] Jin 白晉); Castner, Kaspar, SJ (1655–1709, Pang Jiabin 龐嘉賓); Provana, Antonio, SJ (1662–1720, Ai Ruosi 艾若瑟); and Stumpf, Kilian, SJ (1655–1720, Ji Li’an 紀理安)
Propaganda Fide
51, 86, 96, 137, 160–161, 288, 309, 353, 392, 438, 477–478, 547, 586, 633, 748
Provana, Antonio, SJ (1662–1720, Ai Ruosi 艾若瑟)
27–29, 31, 303, 313, 315, 340, 346, 362, 459–460, 632, 642, 672–674, 693, 732
biographical note
313
Chinese name of
577, 673
endangered when a mob attacks his church
673–674, 677
sent as procurator to Rome
399, 421, 460, 546, 574, 619, 641–642, 665, 693, 732
Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi. See Castrocaro, Antonio Laghi da, OFM (1668–1727, Mei Shusheng 梅述聖), Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi; Posateri, Antonio, SJ (1640–1705, Zhang Jingzhai 張靜齋); Tartre, Pierre Vincent de [du], SJ (1669–1724, Tang Shangxian 湯尚賢)
Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan
177, 657, 771
provinces, southern
249, 283, 642
Provincial Governors
37, 216, 447, 553, 639
Pursama [Pursai, Purghama, et al.]
127, 181, 183, 233–236, 262–263, 277, 280, 290, 312, 574–576
biographical note
127
Puyuan Ulan
628
Qianlong 乾隆 emperor, the
773
Qinming chuanjiao yueshu 欽命傳教約述
595
qintian jian 欽天監 (Astronomical Bureau)
35, 513, 558, 679, 686, 766
Qizhou fu 蘄州府
173, 419, 500
Qu Liangshi 瞿良士. See Matta, Manoel da, SJ (1667–1724, Qu Liangshi 瞿良士)
Régis, Jean-Baptiste, SJ (1663–1738, Lei Xiaosi 雷孝思)
48, 208, 279, 309, 340, 346, 425, 569, 635, 644, 655, 664, 716
biographical note
48
regulation
335–338, 347–349, 372, 374–378, 380–382, 387–391, 429–431, 471, 562–563, 579–582, 586–589, 617–618, 694–696, 729–730, 768
Rehe 热河 (Jehol)
114, 116–117, 134, 212, 345
religious orders
17, 51, 86–87, 150, 153, 156, 160, 166, 169, 231, 367–368, 414, 464, 477, 633
Resende [Rezende], Carlos, SJ (1664–1746, Gao Shangde 高尚德)
263, 272–273, 283, 285, 303, 755
biographical note
263
Ricci, Matteo, SJ (1552–1610, Li Madou 利瑪竇)
56, 80–81, 164, 166, 220, 289, 366–367, 379, 395–396, 400, 417–420, 426–427, 448–449, 455–456, 499–501, 541–542, 575, 681
Rijiang sishu yijie 日講四書義解 (Simple Explanations of the Four Books in the Form of Daily Lessons)
197
Ripa Bottoni [Ripabottoni], Antonino, OFM (d. 1707)
31, 738, 752
biographical note
737
death
737
rites
52–54, 246–249, 372–373, 436–438, 484, 489–490, 502, 510, 552–554, 557–558, 699–701, 715–716, 718–719, 721–723, 725–727
Roca, Miguel, OFM (n.d., Luo Ge’en 羅鉻恩)
449–450, 458
Rodes [Rhodes], Bernard, SJ (1646–1715, Luo Dexian 羅德先)
179, 345–346, 773
biographical note
179
Rodriguez, Simão, SJ (n.d.)
271
Rome
1–4, 44–45, 350–353, 453–454, 460–461, 536–538, 549–552, 592–593, 608–609, 623–625, 755, 757, 765–768, 780, 785–787
See also Clement XI, Pope; Holy See
Rosalia, Bishop of. See Lionne, Artus de, MEP (1655–1713, Liang Hongren 梁弘仁), Bishop of Rosalia and Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan
Russia
35, 106, 200, 686
Sá, João de, SJ (n.d.)
303
Sabino, Father. See Mariani, Sabino (1665–1721, Sha Guoan 沙國安)
Sacred Congregation, Order of the
13, 21, 239, 248, 471, 478, 581, 586, 711, 713, 740, 748–749, 753, 757–759, 780
sacrifices (ji 祭 or jisi 祭 祀)
60, 86, 159, 162, 164, 247, 306, 320, 378, 470, 497, 507–508, 542
Sala, Ilarione (n.d.)
199, 304, 321, 370, 474, 539
San Giorgio. See Biandrate, Francisco (n.d., Shi Tiren 施提仁), Abbate di San Giorgio
San Pedro, Francisco González de, OP (n.d.)
617
Sanchahe
428, 459, 495, 499, 503, 505–506, 608, 753
Santa Rosa, Diego de, OFM (1659–1740, Hua Xianing 華夏寧)
443, 450, 739
biographical note
443
Santalla, Tirso González de, SJ (1624–1705), Superior General of the Society of Jesus
680
secretary
27, 106, 108, 110, 295, 301, 307, 417, 422–423, 522, 528, 534, 562, 571, 644
secular priests
85–86, 160, 166, 231, 459, 500, 663, 672, 692
Serravalle, Giambattistia [Giovanni Battista] Maoletti da, OFM (1669–1725, Ye Chongxian 葉崇賢)
354, 539, 544–548, 585–587, 589, 623, 669–670
witnesses an excommunication while playing dice
587–588
Sha Guoan 沙國安. See Mariani, Sabino (1665–1721, Sha Guoan 沙國安)
Sha Shouxin 沙守信. See Chavagnac, Emeric de, SJ (1670–1717, Sha Shouxin 沙守信)
Shaanxi 陝西
354, 539–541, 580, 621, 640, 647, 677, 769
Shandong
107–108, 166, 363–364, 370–371, 392–393, 424–425, 546–547, 549–552, 578, 619, 632–633, 638–641, 647, 670, 766
Shandong missionaries
363, 551
shangdi 上帝
331, 337, 379–80, 395–96, 451, 456, 509, 594, 597, 601, 603, 700, 703, 723, 726
Shanghai
105, 281, 502, 570, 606, 787
Shanxi 山西
313, 354, 674, 769
Shaozhou 邵州
179, 413, 441, 563, 565, 639, 666–667, 671, 691–692, 694, 739, 752, 760
Shengjiao hui 聖教會 (Congregation of the Holy Law)
368, 414
Shi Kesheng 石可聖. See Liebstain, Leopold, SJ (1667–1714, Shi Kesheng 石可聖)
Shi Shilun 葹世綸
147
Shi Tiren 施提仁. See Biandrate, Francisco (n.d., Shi Tiren 施提仁), Abbate di San Giorgio
Shizhou
419
Sichuan
253, 255–256, 259–260, 262, 267, 269, 279, 282–283, 356, 512, 751–753, 760, 769, 771, 777
Silva, Antonio da, SJ (1624–1705, Lin Anlian 林安廉 or Lin Anduo 林安多)
28, 106, 276, 294–297, 303–304, 307–308, 323, 325, 416–417, 421–422, 473–474, 493, 503–506, 674–675, 677–679
appointment and resignation as Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
376, 493, 495, 610, 631, 678
biographical note
106
requests Tournon’s papal decree
498
silver
153, 165, 173, 216, 231, 255, 260, 262–263, 269, 548, 555, 591, 772, 780, 782
Simões, José, SJ (1676–1751, Mu Tailai 穆泰來)
23–24, 32, 303, 439, 484–485, 519, 526, 531, 591–592, 759, 781–782
appeals Tournon’s regulation
759
receives the piao 票
526
Soares [Suarez], José, SJ (1656–1736, Su Lin 蘇霖), Vice-Provincial
19, 24, 29, 180–81, 245, 252, 257, 260, 279, 309, 326, 340, 381, 385, 477, 515, 523, 585, 600, 667, 693, 695, 738–40, 759, 768, 779, 781
as interpreter with Parrenin for Maigrot
266–67
biographical note
53
named Vice-Provincial
412, 469, 650
souls
45, 138, 393–395, 398–399, 412, 452, 463, 559–561, 582–583, 634–635, 637–638, 646, 648, 703–704, 748–750
Sousa, Manoel (1677–1737, Su Manuo 索瑪諾)
17, 232, 263, 358, 360, 400, 405, 469, 499, 537, 637
abandons his church at Huaian
358, 360
receives the scholars from Fujian at his church in Huaian
232
South China
44, 104, 114, 208, 283, 470, 512, 592, 642
Spain
248, 441, 446, 460, 483, 555, 582–583, 591, 611, 684, 746, 748
Spanish Franciscans
206, 539, 547, 617, 673, 688
Spanish Jesuits
44, 441
Stadlin, Franz, SJ (1658–1740, Lin Yucang 林雨蒼)
565, 649, 662, 679, 733, 766, 775
building clocks for the Prince
775
Stumpf, Kilian, SJ (1655–1720, Ji Li’an 紀理安)
20–21, 23–25, 109, 113, 117–121, 128, 140–143, 242–243, 344, 359, 383–385, 570–572, 578–579, 589, 602–604
appointment as procurator
48
intention to add appendix to Acta Pekinensia
50
protests and threatens legal action against those who claim Jesuit involvement in the book Qinming chuanjiao yueshu
602–604
sending the Acta Pekinensia to Rome
1
status as Apostolic Notary
1, 34
understanding of Ricci’s views on the Chinese Rites
547
visits Buonaventura
521
Sui Mijia 隨彌嘉. See Vieira, Miguel, SJ (1681–1761, Sui Mijia 隨彌嘉 or Wei Mijia 衛彌嘉)
Su Manuo 索瑪諾. See Sousa, Manoel (1677–1737, Su Manuo 索瑪諾)
Superior General of the French Jesuits in China
506
See also D’ Entrecolles, François-Xavier, SJ (1664–1741, Yin Hongxu 殷弘緒), Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing and Superior General of the French Jesuits in China
Supreme Pontiff. See Clement XI, Pope
Surveillance Commissioner (ancha shi 按察使)
215, 676
suspicions
10, 65–66, 97, 112, 132, 135, 148, 339–340, 343–344, 425, 467, 702–704, 709–710, 729–730, 735–736
Tamburini, Michelangelo, SJ (1648–1730), Superior General of the Society of Jesus
680
Tang Shangxian 湯尚賢. See Tartre, Pierre Vincent de [du], SJ (1669–1724, Tang Shangxian 湯尚賢)
Tarin, Jaime, OFM (1644–1719, Lin Yangmo 林養默)
236, 290
biographical note
235
Tartars
13, 36, 40, 64, 66, 151, 233, 417, 461, 518, 553, 558, 613, 662–663, 721
Tartary
58–60, 75–76, 83–84, 102–103, 113–116, 118–120, 123–124, 126–128, 134–139, 145–147, 149–150, 178–179, 181, 724–726, 732–733
term
36
Tartre, Pierre Vincent de [du], SJ (1669–1724, Tang Shangxian 湯尚賢)
313, 340, 769
biographical note
313
Telles [Tellez], Manoel, SJ (n.d.)
504–505
Testard, Jean de, SJ (1663–1718, Pang Kexiu 龐克修)
413, 417, 504–505
testimony
24–25, 30–32, 71–72, 111–112, 245–247, 530, 570–572, 598, 602–603, 619–620, 625, 634, 655–657, 706–707, 718
theology
160, 168, 176, 369, 393, 395, 414, 417, 526, 540, 624–625, 646, 651, 669, 672
Thomas, Antoine, SJ (1644–1709, An Duo 安多)
16–18, 20–25, 57–58, 137–139, 309–316, 333–334, 340–343, 346–347, 431–433, 464–465, 469–470, 512–513, 570–571, 681–682, 695–697
affirms the Jesuits sought to discourage the Emperor from requiring the piao 票
329
attestation regarding the Acta Pekinensia
104
biographical note
104, 114
laments the state of the mission
333–334, 350
lengthy letter to Tournon to
730, 698
petitions the Emperor over the recall of gifts sent to the Pope
129
requesting intercession with the Emperor on behalf of Tournon
119
seeks guidance from della Chiesa
341–342
seeks the suspension of Tournon’s regulation
429–430, 433, 469
threats
56–57, 69, 75, 120, 123, 320, 324, 335, 340, 434, 436, 476, 508, 669, 671
Tianzhu 天主
80, 379, 453
tian 天
30–31, 46, 58, 82, 247, 250, 331, 379, 509, 561–62, 700–701, 712, 714, 723–25, 727
See also heaven; meaning of Tian 天 under Emperor, the (Kangxi 康熙) (1654–1722, r. 1661–1722)
Tomás, Lucas, OFM (1647–1723, Chinese surname Song 宋)
227
Tong Guowei 佟國維
147
Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
1–5, 14–23, 27–32, 34–58, 64–78, 100–129, 292–299, 301–313, 370–388, 464–481, 502–508, 519–525, 667–674, 686–700, 739–759
decree / regulation against the Chinese Rites
318–319, 322, 352–353, 356–357, 360, 373, 375–376, 379–380, 384–385, 387, 400, 402–405, 443–444, 446, 449
added to the Articles of Faith
477, 562, 565
advisors in composing it
321
the Emperor’s response
376, 522
appeals made to Tournon
444–447, 450–455, 469, 485, 492, 609, 616
appeals made to Rome
495–497, 503–511, 532–533
appeals rejected
476–478, 534, 611, 730, 743, 754
arguments against
410–411, 429, 432, 434
Chinese Christians’ reaction
502
claim that it followed Innocent XII’s decree
324
consequences of
323, 331–332, 358, 583
Jesuit position on
372–380
promulgation and implementation of
316, 388, 390, 440, 507, 509–510, 560, 580
text of
305–308
defense of Maigrot
725
diplomatic status
ambiguity over political vs. religious nature of legation
496
desire for a residence in Beijing and implications thereof
65–67
purpose of his legation
154, 159, 165
refusal to produce credentials
74, 127, 402
hostility towards the Jesuits
109–110, 117, 292–294, 296, 395, 404, 547, 618, 633, 648, 655, 694, 718, 729
allegations of usury
3, 118, 165, 312, 576
before the Emperor
707, 721
failure to use competent Jesuit interpreters
549, 559
illness of
95, 114, 209, 231, 518
itinerary
departure from Beijing
105
departure from Nanjing
357, 416, 467
house arrest in Macau
640, 659, 662, 733
initial arrival in Guangzhou / Canton
35
return to Guangzhou / Canton
437, 477
jurisdiction and powers
appointments and removals
installs Arxó as Visitor against his wishes
441
installs da Silva as Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing
493
replaces Serravalle with Mezzafalce as Pro-Vicar of Huguang
623
removes Grimaldi as Visitor
462, 464
authority as papal legate
64, 353, 400
citation of previous papal decrees
377–378
claim to possession of and refusal to show papal decree authorizing his actions against the Rites
353, 377, 380, 382
excommunications
of Buonaventura
692, 739
of Capuchins in Madrastapam (and support for Jesuits)
686
of Pinto
659
paranoia about the Jesuits
3, 66, 132, 187, 294, 329, 353, 448, 467, 528, 634
manipulating the Emperor
705
poisoning him
108, 111–112, 529, 591
tampering with his mail
757–758
and the piao 票
allows missionaries to accept the piao 票with conditions
401, 669
annoyance over missionaries seeking the piao 票
392
claims the piao 票was a pretext for expelling missionaries
325
makes impossible demands regarding the piao 票
336–38
orders Buonaventura to obtain the piao 票
470–71
relations with Chinese Christians
encourages veneration of images of the Pope
276, 301
hostility towards ancestral tablets
280, 567, 590
proposes a Jubilee in Nanjing
295
receives and rejects petitions regarding the Rites
52–57, 282, 719
Trent, Council of
155–156, 213, 396, 488, 490–491, 616, 683
tribunal
187, 189–190, 198–201, 206–207, 209, 212, 214, 241–242, 253, 255–256, 259, 273–275, 555–556, 624–625, 773–774
criminal
13, 198, 203, 205, 241–242, 260, 265, 728
Varo, Francisco, OP (1627–1687, Wan Jiguo 萬濟國)
244, 246, 266, 271–272, 453, 493, 708
biographical note
79
Ventallol, Magino, OP (1647–1732, Ma Xinuo 馬喜諾)
667
Vicar Apostolic of Cochinchina
235
Vicar Apostolic of Fujian. See Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
Vicar Apostolic of Guizhou. See Visdelou, Claude, SJ (1656–1737, Liu Ying 劉應), Bishop of Claudiopolis and Vicar Apostolic of Guizhou
Vicar Apostolic of Huguang. See Leonessa [Leonissa], Gianfranco Nicolai de, OFM (1656–1737, Yu Tianming 余天明), Bishop of Beirut and Vicar Apostolic of Huguang
Vicar Apostolic of Jiangxi. See Benavente, Alvaro, OESA (1646?–1709, Bai Wanle 白萬樂), Bishop of Ascalon and Vicar Apostolic of Jiangxi
Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing. See D’ Entrecolles, François-Xavier, SJ (1664–1741, Yin Hongxu 殷弘緒), Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing and Superior General of the French Jesuits in China; Luo Wenzao 羅文藻 (n.d., Gregorio Lopez), Bishop of Basilea and Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing; Silva, Antonio da, SJ (1624–1705, Lin Anlian 林安廉 or Lin Anduo 林安多))
Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi. See Brollo da Gemona, Basilio, OFM (1648–1704), Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi
Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi and Shanxi. See Castrocaro, Antonio Laghi da, OFM (1668–1727, Mei Shusheng 梅述聖), Pro-Vicar Apostolic of Shaanxi
Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan. See Lionne, Artus de, MEP (1655–1713, Liang Hongren 梁弘仁), Bishop of Rosalia and Vicar Apostolic of Sichuan
Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang. See Mezzafalce, Giovanni Donato (1661–1720, He Nadu 何納篤), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang; Alcalá, Pedro de, OP (d. 1705, Xi 希), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang
Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang and Jiangxi. See Pin, Jean, MEP (1643–1692), Vicar Apostolic of Zhejiang and Jiangxi
Vicar Forane in Guangzhou. See Britto, Domingos de, SJ (1674–1742, Bi Duoming 畢多明), Vicar Forane in Guangzhou
Vice-Province of China (Jesuit)
1, 48, 186, 296, 303, 334, 460, 598, 603, 682, 730
Vice-Provincial. See Monteiro, José, SJ (1646–1720), Vice-Provincial
Viceroy (zongdu 總督)
37–38, 215–16, 286, 419, 553, 555, 558, 610, 612–13, 628–29, 639, 664, 741–42, 751–53, 765
Vieira, Miguel, SJ (1681–1761, Sui Mijia 隨彌嘉 or Wei Mijia 衛彌嘉)
649, 765
biographical note
765
Vigario Foraneo
493, 610
villa
43, 56, 199, 201–202, 204–206, 209, 217, 219, 221, 241–245, 302, 312–313, 735, 774–775, 778
Visdelou, Claude, SJ (1656–1737, Liu Ying 劉應), Bishop of Claudiopolis and Vicar Apostolic of Guizhou
30, 49, 82, 91, 228, 234–235, 694
biographical note
45
opposition to Jesuit views on the Rites
45–46, 711–712
Visitor, acting Jesuit. See Thomas, Antoine
Visitor General. See Tournon, Charles Thomas Maillard de (1668–1710, Duoluo 多羅), Patriarch of Antioch
Visitor of Japan and China, Jesuit. See Grimaldi, Claudio Filippo, SJ (1638–1712, Min Mingwo 閔明我)
Wan Duomo 萬多默. See Cróquer [Croker], Tomás, OP (1657–1729, Wan Duomo 萬多默)
Wan Jiguo 萬濟國. See Varo, Francisco, OP (1627–1687, Wan Jiguo 萬濟國)
Wan’an xian 萬安縣
469–70, 475, 520
Wang, Peter (Wang Baiduolu 汪柏多祿 or Wang Jiao)
betrays the missionaries
200–201, 245, 254, 267, 655–656
biographical note
188
imprisoned
198–199
sentenced to corporal punishment and exile
256, 260, 279, 315
Wang Laoye. See Henkama [Hescken] (n.d., Heshiheng 赫世亨, aka Wang Laoye)
Wang Xiongshan 王雄善. See Fernández Serrano, Juan, OFM (1665–1735, Wang Xiongshan 王雄善)
Wei Mijia 衛彌嘉. See Vieira, Miguel, SJ (1681–1761, Sui Mijia 隨彌嘉 or Wei Mijia 衛彌嘉)
Weixian 威縣
389, 766
Western Church (Xitang 西堂, College of St. Joseph)
67, 277
women
295, 391, 479, 749
Xavier, Francis
227, 237, 475, 787
xianggong 相公. See catechist (xianggong 相公)
Xiao Liang (n.d.)
123
Xiaoshan xian 蕭山縣
166, 206–207, 471, 519, 527, 671
Xitang 西堂 (Western Church, College of St. Joseph)
67, 277
Xing’an 興安
436
xingbu 刑部 (Ministry of Justice)
770, 773
xiucai 秀才
180, 232–33
Xu, Candida 徐甘弟大
180
Xu Fasheng 徐法聖. See Lirot, Jacques, MEP (1664–1723, Xu Fasheng 徐法聖)
Xu Risheng 徐日昇. See Pereira, Tomás, SJ (1635–1708, Xu Risheng 徐日昇)
Yan Dang 顏璫. See Maigrot, Charles, MEP (1652–1730, Yan Dang 顏璫), Bishop of Conon and Vicar Apostolic of Fujian
Yan Jialuo 顏嘉樂 (Charles)
620
Yan, John (n.d.)
201
Yang Guangxian 揚光先 (1597–1669)
254, 558, 697
biographical note
254, 558
Yang Guozhen 揚國珍. See Iliceto, Giambattista Bonassisa, OFM (n.d., Yang Guozhen 揚國珍)
Yang Ruohan 揚若韓. See Buonaventura [Troiani] da Roma, Giovanni, OFM (1667–1742, Yang Ruohan 揚若韓)
Yangcun (village)
515, 518
Yangxin dian 養心殿
42, 119, 158, 225, 772
Yangzhou 揚州
203, 242, 358–359, 361, 400, 413, 416, 426–428, 430, 449, 459, 466, 499–500, 608, 617
Ye Chongxian 葉崇賢. See Serravalle, Giambattistia [Giovanni Battista] Maoletti da, OFM (1669–1725, Ye Chongxian 葉崇賢)
Yi Daren 伊大人. See Della Chiesa, Bernardino, OFM (1644–1721, Yi Daren 伊大人), Bishop of Beijing
Yin Hongxu 殷弘緒. See D’ Entrecolles, François-Xavier, SJ (1664–1741, Yin Hongxu 殷弘緒), Vicar Apostolic of Nanjing and Superior General of the French Jesuits in China
Yinreng 胤礽. See Crown Prince, the (1674–1725, Yinreng 胤礽)
Yinti 胤禔. See Prince, the [Eldest, Firstborn] (1672–1734, Yinti 胤禔)
Yinzhen 胤禎 (1678–1735, r. 1722–1735), the Yongzheng 雍正 emperor
437
Yongle 永樂 emperor, the
78
Yongzheng 雍正 emperor, the. See Yinzhen 胤禎 (1678–1735, r. 1722–1735), the Yongzheng 雍正 emperor
Yu, Thomas
596–597, 601
Yu Tianming 余天明. See Leonessa [Leonissa], Gianfranco Nicolai de, OFM (1656–1737, Yu Tianming 余天明), Bishop of Beirut and Vicar Apostolic of Huguang
Zhang Changzhu 張常住. See Charki (n.d., Zhang Changzhu 張常住)
Zhang Fuyan 張傅岩 (n.d.)
594
Zhang Jingzhai 張靜齋. See Posateri, Antonio, SJ (1640–1705, Zhang Jingzhai 張靜齋)
Zhang Pengge 張鵬翮 (1649–1725)
594–595, 606
biographical note
594
Zhang Qilin 張麒麟 (n.d.)
119, 121, 130, 142, 202, 219, 225–226, 257, 259, 314, 367
biographical note
119
office of
121
Zhang Xingyao 張星曜 (Ignatius 依納子) (1633–?)
594–595, 601
biographical note
594
Zhao Chang 趙昌. See Chuliama (n.d., Zhao Chang 趙昌)
Zhao Laoye. See Chuliama (n.d., Zhao Chang 趙昌)
Zhejiang
87, 137, 166, 179, 181, 207, 210, 215, 270–271, 473, 480, 490, 592, 596, 600–602
Zhengding fu 正定府
263–64
Zhenjiang 鎮江
294, 327, 358, 360, 400, 413, 418, 475, 499
zhixian 知縣 (Magistrate)
216, 226, 236, 513, 760
Zhoushan. See Ningbo
Zhu Guoding 朱國鼎. See Broccardo de Langasco, Giuseppe Francisco, OFM (1665–1712, Zhu Guoding 朱國鼎)
zongdu 總督 (Viceroy)
38, 93, 200, 256, 286, 357, 419, 421, 477, 500, 502, 576, 639, 679, 692